Micromirs

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to very short heavily modified oligonucleotides which target and inhibit microRNAs in vivo, and their use in medicaments and pharmaceutical compositions.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Divisional of U.S. Nonprovisional application Ser. No. 14/527,115, filed Oct. 29, 2014, which is a Continuation of U.S. Nonprovisional application Ser. No. 12/681,587, filed Aug. 11, 2010, which is a National Stage of Application Number PCT/DK2008/000344, filed Oct. 3, 2008, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 61/028,062, filed Feb. 12, 2008, 60/979,217, filed Oct. 11, 2007, and 60/977,497, filed Oct. 4, 2007; and European Patent Application No. 08104780, filed Jul. 17, 2008, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Furthermore we reference and incorporate by reference WO2007/112754 and WO2007/112753 which are earlier applications from the same applicants.

REFERENCE TO A SEQUENCE LISTING SUBMITTED ELECTRONICALLY VIA EFS-WEB

The content of the electronically submitted sequence listing (Name: 2763_013006_sequence_listing_ST25.txt; Size: 598.545 bytes; and Date of Creation: Oct. 19, 2014) is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to very short oligonucleotides which target and inhibit microRNAs in vivo, and their use in medicaments and pharmaceutical compositions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of short endogenous RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression by base-pairing with their target mRNAs. They are processed from longer (ca 70-80 nt) hairpin-like precursors termed pre-miRNAs by the RNAse III enzyme Dicer. MicroRNAs assemble in ribonucleoprotein complexes termed miRNPs and recognize their target sites by antisense complementarity thereby mediating down-regulation of their target genes. Near-perfect or perfect complementarity between the miRNA and its target site results in target mRNA cleavage, whereas limited complementarity between the microRNA and the target site results in translational inhibition of the target gene.

A summary of the role of microRNAs in human diseases, and the inhibition of microRNAs using single stranded oligonucleotides is provided by WO2007/112754 and WO2007/112753, which are both hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. WO2008046911, hereby incorporated by reference, provides microRNA sequences which are associated with cancer. Numerous microRNAs have been associated with disease phenotypes and it is therefore desirable to provide substances capable of modulating the availability of microRNAs in vivo. WO2007/112754 and WO2007/112753 disclose short single stranded oligonucleotides which are considered to form a strong duplex with their target miRNA. SEQ ID NOs 1-45 are examples of anti microRNA oligonucleotides as disclosed in WO2007/112754 and WO2007/112753.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority from four applications: U.S. 60/977,497 filed 4 Oct. 2007, U.S. 60/979,217 filed 11 Oct. 2007, U.S. 61/028,062, filed 12 Feb. 2008, and EP08104780, filed 17 Jul. 2008, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Furthermore we reference and incorporate by reference WO2007/112754 and WO2007/112753 which are earlier applications from the same applicants.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is based upon the discovery that the use of very short oligonucleotides which target microRNAs and which have a high proportion of nucleotide analogue nucleotides, such as LNA nucleotides, are highly effective in alleviating the repression of RNAs, such as an mRNA, by the targeted microRNAs in vivo.

The present invention provides an oligomer a contiguous sequence of 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotide units in length, for use in reducing the effective amount of a microRNA target in a cell or an organism, wherein at least 70%, such as at least 80% of the nucleotide units of the oligomer are selected from the group consisting of LNA units and 2′ substituted nucleotide analogues.

The present invention provides an oligomer a contiguous sequence of 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotide units in length, for use in reducing the effective amount of a microRNA target in a cell or an organism, wherein at least 70% of the nucleotide units of the oligomer are selected from the group consisting of LNA units and 2′ substituted nucleotide analogues, and wherein at least 50%, such as at least 60%, such as at least 70% of the nucleotide units of the oligomer are LNA units.

The invention provides oligomers of between 7-10 nucleotides in length which comprises a contiguous nucleotide sequence of a total of between 7-10 nucleotides, such as 7, 8, 9, nucleotide units, wherein at least 50% of the nucleotide units of the oligomer are nucleotide analogues.

The invention further provides for an oligomer of between 7-10 nucleotides in length which comprises a contiguous nucleotide sequence of a total of between 7-10 nucleotides, such as 7, 8, 9, or 10, nucleotide units, wherein the nucleotide sequence is complementary to a corresponding nucleotide sequence found in mammalian or viral microRNA, and wherein at least 50% of the nucleotide units of the oligomer are nucleotide analogues.

The present invention provides olgiomers according to the invention as a medicament.

The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the oligomer of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier, salt or adjuvant.

The invention provides for a conjugate comprising an oligomer according to the invention, conjugated to at least one non-nucleotide or polynucleotide entity, such as a sterol, such as cholesterol.

The invention provides for the use of an oligomer or a conjugate according to the invention, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease or medical disorder associated with the presence or over-expression of a microRNA, such as one or more of the microRNAs referred to herein.

The invention provides for the treatment of a disease or medical disorder associated with the presence or overexpression of the microRNA, comprising the step of administering a composition (such as the pharmaceutical composition) comprising an oligomer or conjugate according to the invention to a patient suffering from or likely to suffer from said disease or medical disorder.

The invention provides for a method for reducing the effective amount of a microRNA target in a cell or an organism, comprising administering the oligomer of the invention, or a composition (such as a pharmaceutical composition) comprising the oligomer or conjugate according to the invention to the cell or organism.

The invention provides for a method for reducing the effective amount of a microRNA target in a cell or an organism, comprising administering the oligomer or conjugate or pharmaceutical composition according to the invention to the cell or organism.

The invention provides for a method for de-repression of a target mRNA (or one ore mor RNAs) in a cell or an organism, comprising administering an oligomer or conjugate according to the invention, or a composition comprising said oligomer or conjugate, to said cell or organism.

The invention provides for the use of an oligomer or a conjugate according to the invention, for inhibiting the mircoRNA in a cell which comprises said microRNA, such as a human cell. The use may be in vivo or in vitro.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1. Schematic presentation of the miR-21, miR-155 and miR-122 8-mer LNA-antimiRs, indicating the targeting positions with the fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated LNA-antimiR. Preferred hybridisation positions for 7mer, 8mer, 9mer and 10 mer LNA oligonucleotides on the mature microRNA are also indicated.

FIG. 2. Assessment of miR-21 antagonism by SEQ ID #3205 and SEQ ID #3204 LNA-antimiRs in MCF-7 cells using a luciferase sensor assay. MCF-7 cells were co-transfected with luciferase sensor plasmids containing a perfect match target site for miR-21 or a mismatch target site (·mm2) and LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean of renilla/firefly ratios for three separate experiments (bars=s.e.m), were all have been normalized against 0 nM psiCHECK2 (=control).

FIG. 3. Assessment of miR-21 antagonism by SEQ ID #3205 and SEQ ID #3204 LNA-antimiRs in HeLa cells using a luciferase sensor assay. HeLa cells were co-transfected with luciferase sensor plasmids containing a perfect match target site for miR-21 (mir-21) or a mismatch target site (mm2) and LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean of renilla/firefly ratios for three separate experiments (bars=s.e.m), were all have been normalized against 0 nM psiCHECK2 (=control).

FIG. 4. Assessment of miR-155 antagonism by SEQ ID #3206 and SEQ ID #3207 LNA-antimiRs in LPS-treated mouse RAW cells using a luciferase sensor assay. RAW cells were co-transfected with miR-155 and the different LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean of renilla/firefly, were all have been normalized against 0 nM psiCHECK2.

FIG. 5. Assessment of miR-122 antagonism by SEQ ID #3208 and SEQ ID #4 LNA-antimiRs in HuH-7 cells using a luciferase sensor assay. HuH-7 cells were co-transfected with a miR-122 luciferase sensor containing a perfect match miR-122 target site and the different LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean of renilla/firefly ratios for three separate experiments (bars=s.e.m), where all have been normalized against 0 nM psiCHECK2 (=control).

FIG. 6. Schematic presentation of the miR-21 luciferase reporter constructs.

FIG. 7. Assessment of miR-21 antagonism by an 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205) versus a 15-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3204) in PC3 cells using a luciferase reporter assay. PC3 cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match target site for miR-21 or a mismatch target site and LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) of three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-21 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs. LNA nucleotides are indicated by ovals, and DNA residues are indicated by bars.

FIG. 8. Specificity assessment of miR-21 antagonism by an 8-mer LNA-antimiR in HeLa cells using a luciferase reporter assay. HeLa cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match or a mismatched target site for miR-21 and LNA-antimiRs (SEQ ID #3205) or an 8-mer LNA mismatch control oligo (SEQ ID #3218) at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity was measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) for three independent experiments where the Renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-21 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs. Mismatches are indicated by filled ovals.

FIG. 9. Assessment of the shortest possible length of a fully LNA-modified LNA-antimiR that mediates effective antagonism of miR-21. HeLa cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match or a mismatch target site for miR-21 and the LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations (SEQ ID #3209=6-mer and SEQ ID #3210=7-mer). After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) for three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-21 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 10. Length assessment of fully LNA-substituted LNA-antimiRs antagonizing miR-21.

HeLa cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match or a mismatch target site for miR-21 and LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations (SEQ ID #3211=9-mer, SEQ ID #3212=10-mer, SEQ ID #3213=12-mer and SEQ ID #3214=14-mer). After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) for three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-21 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 11. Determination of the most optimal position for an 8-mer LNA-antimiR within the miR target recognition sequence. HeLa cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match or a mismatch target site for miR-21 and the LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) for three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-21 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 12. Validation of interaction of the Pdcd4-3′-UTR and miR-21 by the 8-mer SEQ ID #3205 LNA-antimiR. HeLa cells were co-transfected with a luciferase reporter plasmid containing part of the 3′UTR of Pdcd4 gene and LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations (SEQ ID #3205=8 mer, perfect match; SEQ ID #3218=8 mer, mismatch; SEQ ID #3204=15 mer, LNA/DNA mix; SEQ ID #3220=15 mer, gapmer). After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are renilla/firefly ratios that have been normalized against 0 nM. Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-21 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 13. Comparison of an 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3207) with a 15-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3206) in antagonizing miR-155 in mouse RAW cells. Mouse RAW cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match for miR-155 and the different LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) of three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without miR-155 target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-155 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 14. Assessment of c/EBPOAssessment of c/EBPer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3207) with a 15-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3206) in antagonizing miR-155 in mouse RAW cells. Mouse RAW cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match for miR-155 and the difflter 20 hours, cells were harvested and western blot analysis of protein extracts from RAW cells was performed. The different isoforms of c/EBPβ are indicated, and the ratios calculated on c/EBPβ LIP and beta-tubulin are shown below.

FIG. 15. Antagonism of miR-106b by a fully LNA-modified 8-mer (SEQ ID #3221) LNA-antimiR or by a 15-mer mixmer (SEQ ID #3228) antimiR. HeLa cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match for miR-106b and the different LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values of four replicates where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without miRNA target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-106b sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 16. Antagonism of miR-19b by a fully LNA-modified 8-mer (SEQ ID #3222) LNA-antimiR and a 15-mer (SEQ ID #3229) mixmer antimiR. HeLa cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match for miR-19a and the two LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values of four replicate experiments, where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without a miR-19a target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-19a sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 17. Schematic presentation showing the mature human miR-221 and miR-222 sequences. Shown in the square is the seed sequence (7-mer) that is conserved in both miRNA sequences.

FIG. 18. Targeting of a microRNA family using short, fully LNA-substituted LNA-antimiR. PC3 cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids for miR-221 and miR-222 separately or together and with the different LNA-antimiRs at varying concentrations. When co-transfecting with the LNA-antimiRs (15-mers) SEQ ID #3223 (against miR-221) and SEQ ID #3224 (against miR-222), the total concentration was 2 nM (1 nM each), while transfecting the cells with SEQ ID #3225 (7-mer) the concentrations were 0, 1, 5, 10 or 25 nM. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) of three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without a miRNA target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-221/222 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 19. Assessment of p27 protein levels as a functional readout for antagonism of the miR-221/222 family by the 7-mer SEQ ID #3225 LNA-antimiR. PC3 cells were transfected with the 7-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3225 targeting both miR-221 and miR-222 at varying concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and protein levels were measured on a western blot. Shown are the ratios of p27/tubulin.

FIG. 20. Assessment of miR-21 antagonism by an 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205) versus a 15-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3204) and an 8-mer with 2 mismatches (SEQ ID #3218) in HepG2 cells using a luciferase reporter assay.

HepG2 cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmid containing a perfect match target site for miR-21 and LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) of three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-21 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 21. Validation of interaction of the Pdcd4 3′UTR and miR-21 by the 8-mer SEQ ID #3205 LNA-antimiR versus the 15-mer (SEQ ID #3204) and an 8-mer with two mismatches (SEQ ID #3218).

Huh-7 cells were co-transfected with a luciferase reporter plasmid containing part of the 3′UTR of Pdcd4 gene, pre-miR-21 (10 nM) and LNA-antimiRs at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) of three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without target site (=control). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR-21 sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 22. Antagonism of miR-21 by SEQ ID #3205 leads to increased levels of Pdcd4 protein levels.

HeLa cells were transfected with 5 nM LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3205 (perfect match), or SEQ ID #3219 LNA scrambled (8mer) or SEQ ID #3218 (8-mer mismatch). Cells were harvested after 24 hours and subjected to Western blot with Pdcd4 antibody.

FIG. 23. ALT and AST levels in mice treated with SEQ ID #3205 (perfect match) or SEQ ID #3218 (mismatch control). Mice were sacrificed after 14 days and after receiving 25 mg/kg every other day.

FIG. 24. Assessment of PU.1 protein levels as a functional readout for miR-155 antagonism by short LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3207).

THP-1 cells were co-transfected with pre-miR-155 (5 nmol) and different LNA oligonucleotides (5 nM) and 100 ng/ml LPS was added. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and western blot analysis of protein extracts from the THP-1 cells was performed. PU.1 and tubulin are indicated.

FIG. 25. Assessment of p27 protein levels as a functional readout for antagonism of the miR-221/222 family by the 7-mer SEQ ID #3225 LNA-antimiR.

PC3 cells were transfected with the 7-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3225 targeting both miR-221 and miR-222 and a LNA scrambled control at 5 and 25 nM. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and protein levels were measured on a western blot. Shown are the ratios of p27/tubulin.

FIG. 26. Knock-down of miR-221/222 by the 7-mer SEQ ID #3225 (perfect match) LNA-antimiR reduces colony formation in soft agar in PC3 cells.

PC3 cells were transfected with 25 nM of the 7-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3225 targeting both miR-221 and miR-222 or a 7-mer scrambled control ((SEQ ID #3231). After 24 hours, cells were harvested and seeded on soft agar. After 12 days, colonies were counted. One experiment has been done in triplicate.

FIG. 27. Overview of the human let-7 family, and of tested antagonists.

(upper) The sequences represent the mature miRNA for each member and the box depicts nucleotides 2-16, the positions typically antagonized by LNA-antimiRs. Columns to the right show the number of nucleotide differences compared to let-7a, within the seed (S: position 2-8), extended seed (ES; position 2-9), and the remaining sequence typically targeted by LNA-antimiRs (NE; position 9-16), respectively. Nucleotides with inverted colors are altered compared to let-7a. (lower) Summary of tested antagonists against the let-7 family, including information on design, length and perfectly complementary targets. All compounds are fully phoshorothiolated.

FIG. 28. Assessment of let-7 antagonism by six different LNA-antimiRs in Huh-7 cells using a luciferase sensor assay.

Huh-7 cells were co-transfected with luciferase sensor plasmids containing a partial HMGA2 3′UTR (with four let-7 binding sites), with or without let-7a precursor (grey and black bars, respectively), and with 6 different LNA-antimiRs at increasing concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean of renilla/firefly ratios for duplicate measurements and standard deviations for each assay. Within each LNA-antimiR group all ratios have been normalized to the average of wells containing no let-7a precursor (black bars).

FIG. 29. Luciferase results from Huh-7 cells transfected with the HMGA2 3′UTR sensor plasmid, LNA-antimiRs SEQ ID #3226 (left) and SEQ ID #3227 (right), and pre-miRs for let-7a (A), let-7d (B), let-7e (C), and let-7i (D). Grey bars indicate the target de-repression after pre-mis inclusion, whereas black control bars represent the equivalent level without pre-miR addition. Each ratio is based on quadruplicate measurements and have been normalized against the average of wells containing no precursor (black bars) within each treatment group.

FIG. 30. Luciferase results from HeLa cells transfected with the HMGA2 3′UTR sensor plasmid or control vector, and the LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3227 at various concentrations. Each ratio is based on quadruplicate measurements normalized against untreated (0 nM) empty control vector (psi-CHECK-2; grey bars).

FIG. 31. Assessment of miR-21 antagonism by 8mer (#3205) in HCT116 cells using a luciferase sensor assay. HCT116 cells were co-transfected with luciferase sensor plasmids containing a perfect match target site for miR-21 (grey bars) and LNA-antimiR and control oigonucleotides at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown is one typical example of two where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector (=black bars).

FIG. 32. Silencing of miR-21 by the 8-mer #3205 LNA-antimiR reduces colony formation in soft agar in PC3 cells. PC3 cells were transfected with 25 nM of the 8-mer LNA-antimiR #3205 targeting miR-21. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and seeded on soft agar. After 12 days, colonies were counted. Shown is the mean of three separate experiments, each performed in triplicate, and normalised against 0 nM control (i.e. transfection but with no LNA). p=0.01898 for #3205.

FIG. 33. Knock-down of miR-21 by the 8-mer #3205 LNA-antimiR reduces colony formation in soft agar in HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were transfected with 25 nM of the 8-mer LNA-antimiR #3205 targeting miR-21. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and seeded on soft agar. After 17 days, colonies were counted. Shown is the mean of three replicates from one experiment (bars=SEM).

FIG. 34A. Wound closure in the invasive human prostate cell line PC3 after treatment with #3205. PC3 cells were transfected at day 3 with LNA-antimiR and control oligonucleotides at 25 nM, #3205 (8mer, perfect match) and #3219 (8mer, mismatch) and the following day a scratch was made. Pictures were taken after 24 hours in order to monitor the migration. FIG. 34B The area in each timepoint has been measured with the software program Image J and normalized against respective 0 h time-point.

FIG. 35. Length assessment of fully LNA-substituted LNA-antimiRs antagonizing miR-155. RAW cells were co-transfected with luciferase reporter plasmids containing a perfect match target site for miR-155 and with LNA-antimiR oligonucleotides at different concentrations. After 24 hours, cells were harvested and luciferase activity measured. Shown are the mean values (bars=s.e.m) for three independent experiments where the renilla/firefly ratios have been normalized against 0 nM empty vector without target site (=mock). Shown is also a schematic presentation of the miR sequence and the design and position of the LNA-antimiRs.

FIG. 36A. Binding of 5′-FAM labeled LNA-antimiR-21 (#3205) to mouse plasma protein. The drawing shows % unbound LNA-antimiR-21 compound as a function of oligonucleotide concentration in mouse plasma. FIG. 36B Concentration of unbound LNA-antimiR-21 compound #3205 as a function of #3205 concentration in mouse plasma.

FIGS. 37A and B. Quantification Ras protein levels by Western blot analysis.

-   -   A. Gel image showing Ras and Tubulin (internal standard) protein         in treated (anti-let-7; 8-mer) vs. untreated (saline) lung and         kidney samples. B. Quantifications of Ras protein levels in the         lung and kidney, respectively, of LNA-antimiR-treated mice         (black bars), normalized against equivalent saline controls         (grey bars), using tubulin as equal-loading control.     -   B. Silencing of miR-21 by #3205 leads to increased levels of         Pdcd4 protein levels in vivo. Mice were injected with saline or         25 mg/kg LNA-antimiR (#3205) over 14 days every other day, with         a total of 5 doses. Mice were sacrificed and protein was         isolated from kidney and subjected to Western blot analysis with         Pdcd4 antibody. A. Gel image showing Pdcd4 and Gapdh (internal         standard) protein in treated (antimiR-21; 8-mer) vs. untreated         (saline) kidney samples (M1, mouse 1; M2, mouse 2). B.         Quantification of Pdcd4 protein levels in kidneys of         LNA-antimiR-treated mice (dark grey bars), normalized against         the average of equivalent saline controls (light grey bars),         using Gapdh as loading control.

FIG. 38A. Silencing of miR-21 by Compound 3205 (SEQ. ID NO: 2) leads to increased levels of Pdcd4 protein levels in vivo. Mice were injected with saline or 25 mg/kg LNA-antimiR Compound 3205 (SEQ ID NO: 2) over 14 days every other day, with a total of 5 doses. Mice were sacrificed and protein was isolated from kidney and subjected to Western blot analysis with Pdcd4 antibody. Gel image showing Pdcd4 and Gapdh (internal standard) protein in treated (antimiR-21; 8-mer) vs. untreated (saline) kidney samples (M1, mouse 1; M2, mouse 2).

FIG. 38B. Quantification of Pdcd4 protein levels in kidneys of LNA-antimiR-treated mice (dark grey bars), normalized against the average of equivalent saline controls (light grey bars), using Gapdh as loading control.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Short oligonucleotides which incorporate LNA are known from the in vitro reagents area, (see for example WO2005/098029 and WO 2006/069584). However the molecules designed for diagnostic or reagent use are very different in design than those for in vivo or pharmaceutical use. For example, the terminal nucleotides of the reagent oligos are typically not LNA, but DNA, and the internucleoside linkages are typically other than phosphorothioate, the preferred linkage for use in the oligonucleotides of the present invention. The invention therefore provides for a novel class of oligonucleotides (referred to herein as oligomers) per se.

The following embodiments refer to certain embodiments of the oligomer of the invention, which may be used in a pharmaceutical composition. Aspects which refer to the oligomer may also refer to the contiguous nucleotide sequence, and vice versa.

The Oligomer

The oligomer of the invention is a single stranded oligonucleotide which comprises nucleotide analogues, such as LNA, which form part of, or the entire contiguous nucleotide sequence of the oligonucleotide. The nucleotide sequence of the oligomer consists of a contiguous nucleotide sequence.

The term “oligonucleotide” (or simply “oligo”), which is used interchangeably with the term “oligomer” refers, in the context of the present invention, to a molecule formed by covalent linkage of two or more nucleotides. When used in the context of the oligonucleotide of the invention (also referred to the single stranded oligonucleotide), the term “oligonucleotide” may have, in one embodiment, for example have between 7-10 nucleotides, such as in individual embodiments, 7, 8, 9, or 10.

The term ‘nucleotide’ refers to nucleotides, such as DNA and RNA, and nucleotide analogues. It should be recognised that, in some aspects, the term nucleobase may also be used to refer to a nucleotide which may be either naturally occurring or non-naturally occurring—in this respect the term nucleobase and nucleotide may be used interchangeably herein.

In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of 7 nucleotide analogues. In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of 8 nucleotide analogues. In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of 9 nucleotide analogues.

In one embodiment at least about 50% of the nucleotides of the oligomer are nucleotide analogues, such as at least about 55%, such as at least about 60%, or at least about 65% or at least about 70%, such as at least about 75%, such as at least about 80%, such as at least about 85%, such as at least about 90%, such as at least about 95% or such as 100%. It will also be apparent that the oligonucleotide may comprise of a nucleotide sequence which consists of only nucleotide analogues. Suitably, the oligomer may comprise at least one LNA monomer, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 LNA monomers. As described below, the contiguous nucleotide sequence may consist only of LNA units (including linkage groups, such as phosphorothioate linkages), or may consist of LNA and DNA units, or LNA and other nucleotide analogues. In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence comprises either one or two DNA nucleotides, the remainder of the nucleotides being nucleotide analogues, such as LNA unit.

In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of 6 nucleotide analogues and a single DNA nucleotide. In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide consists of 7 nucleotide analogues and a single DNA nucleotide. In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of 8 nucleotide analogues and a single DNA nucleotide. In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of 9 nucleotide analogues and a single DNA nucleotide. In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of 7 nucleotide analogues and two DNA nucleotides. In some embodiments, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of 8 nucleotide analogues and two DNA nucleotides.

The oligomer may consist of the contiguous nucleotide sequence.

In a specially preferred embodiment, all the nucleotide analogues are LNA. In a further preferred embodiment, all nucleotides of the oligomer are LNA. In a further preferred embodiment, all nucleotides of the oligomer are LNA and all internucleoside linkage groups are phosphothioate.

Herein, the term “nitrogenous base” is intended to cover purines and pyrimidines, such as the DNA nucleobases A, C, T and G, the RNA nucleobases A, C, U and G, as well as non-DNA/RNA nucleobases, such as 5-methylcytosine (^(Me)C), isocytosine, pseudoisocytosine, 5-bromouracil, 5-propynyluracil, 5-propyny-6-fluoroluracil, 5-methylthiazoleuracil, 6-aminopurine, 2-aminopurine, inosine, 2,6-diaminopuine, 7-propyne-7-deazaadenine, 7-propyne-7-deazaguanine and 2-chloro-6-aminopurine, in particular ^(Me)C. It will be understood that the actual selection of the non-DNA/RNA nucleobase will depend on the corresponding (or matching) nucleotide present in the microRNA strand which the oligonucleotide is intended to target. For example, in case the corresponding nucleotide is G it will normally be necessary to select a non-DNA/RNA nucleobase which is capable of establishing hydrogen bonds to G. In this specific case, where the corresponding nucleotide is G, a typical example of a preferred non-DNA/RNA nucleobase is ^(Me)C.

It should be recognised that the term in ‘one embodiment’ should not necessarily be limited to refer to one specific embodiment, but may refer to a feature which may be present in ‘some embodiments’, or even as a generic feature of the invention. Likewise, the use of the term ‘some embodiments’ may be used to describe a feature of one specific embodiment, or a collection of embodiments, or even as a generic feature of the invention.

The terms “corresponding to” and “corresponds to” refer to the comparison between the nucleotide sequence of the oligomer or contiguous nucleotide sequence (a first sequence) and the equivalent contiguous nucleotide sequence of a further sequence selected from either i) a sub-sequence of the reverse complement of the microRNA nucleic acid target (such as a microRNA target selected from SEQ ID 40-SEQ ID 976, and/or ii) the sequence of nucleotides provided herein such as the group consisting of SEQ ID NO 977-1913, or SEQ ID NO 1914-2850, or SEQ ID NO 2851-3787. Nucleotide analogues are compared directly to their equivalent or corresponding nucleotides. A first sequence which corresponds to a further sequence under i) or ii) typically is identical to that sequence over the length of the first sequence (such as the contiguous nucleotide sequence).

When referring to the length of a nucleotide molecule as referred to herein, the length corresponds to the number of monomer units, i.e. nucleotides, irrespective as to whether those monomer units are nucleotides or nucleotide analogues. With respect to nucleotides or nucleobases, the terms monomer and unit are used interchangeably herein.

It should be understood that when the term “about” is used in the context of specific values or ranges of values, the disclosure should be read as to include the specific value or range referred to.

As used herein, “hybridisation” means hydrogen bonding, which may be Watson-Crick, Hoogsteen, reversed Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding, etc., between complementary nucleoside or nucleotide bases. The four nucleobases commonly found in DNA are G, A, T and C of which G pairs with C, and A pairs with T. In RNA T is replaced with uracil (U), which then pairs with A. The chemical groups in the nucleobases that participate in standard duplex formation constitute the Watson-Crick face. Hoogsteen showed a couple of years later that the purine nucleobases (G and A) in addition to their Watson-Crick face have a Hoogsteen face that can be recognised from the outside of a duplex, and used to bind pyrimidine oligonucleotides via hydrogen bonding, thereby forming a triple helix structure.

In the context of the present invention “complementary” refers to the capacity for precise pairing between two nucleotides sequences with one another. For example, if a nucleotide at a certain position of an oligonucleotide is capable of hydrogen bonding with a nucleotide at the corresponding position of a DNA or RNA molecule, then the oligonucleotide and the DNA or RNA are considered to be complementary to each other at that position. The DNA or RNA strand are considered complementary to each other when a sufficient number of nucleotides in the oligonucleotide can form hydrogen bonds with corresponding nucleotides in the target DNA or RNA to enable the formation of a stable complex. To be stable in vitro or in vivo the sequence of an oligonucleotide need not be 100% complementary to its target microRNA. The terms “complementary” and “specifically hybridisable” thus imply that the oligonucleotide binds sufficiently strong and specific to the target molecule to provide the desired interference with the normal function of the target whilst leaving the function of non-target RNAs unaffected. However, in one preferred embodiment the term complementary shall mean 100% complementary or fully complementary.

In a preferred example the oligonucleotide of the invention is 100% complementary to a miRNA sequence, such as a human microRNA sequence, or one of the microRNA sequences referred to herein.

In a preferred example, the oligonucleotide of the invention comprises a contiguous sequence, which is 100% complementary to the seed region of the human microRNA sequence.

Preferably, the term “microRNA” or “miRNA”, in the context of the present invention, means an RNA oligonucleotide consisting of between 18 to 25 nucleotides in length. In functional terms miRNAs are typically regulatory endogenous RNA molecules.

The terms “target microRNA” or “target miRNA” refer to a microRNA with a biological role in human disease, e.g. an upregulated, oncogenic miRNA or a tumor suppressor miRNA in cancer, thereby being a target for therapeutic intervention of the disease in question.

The terms “target gene” or “target mRNA” refer to regulatory mRNA targets of microRNAs, in which said “target gene” or “target mRNA” is regulated post-transcriptionally by the microRNA based on near-perfect or perfect complementarity between the miRNA and its target site resulting in target mRNA cleavage; or limited complementarity, often conferred to complementarity between the so-called seed sequence (nucleotides 2-7 of the miRNA) and the target site resulting in translational inhibition of the target mRNA.

In the context of the present invention the oligonucleotide is single stranded, this refers to the situation where the oligonucleotide is in the absence of a complementary oligonucleotide—i.e. it is not a double stranded oligonucleotide complex, such as an siRNA. In one embodiment, the composition according ot the invention does not comprise a further oligonucleotide which has a region of complementarity with the oligomer of 5 or more, such as 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 consecutive nucleotides, such as eight or more.

Length

Surprisingly we have found that such short ‘antimiRs’ provide an improved specific inhibition of microRNAs in vivo, whilst retaining remarkable specificity for the microRNA target. A further benefit has been found to be the ability to inhibit several microRNAs simultaneously due to the conservation of homologous short sequences between microRNA species—such as the seed regions as described herein. According to the present invention, it has been found that it is particularly advantageous to have short oligonucleotides of 7, 8, 9, 10 nucleotides, such as 7, 8 or 9 nucleotides.

Sequences

The contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary (such as 100% complementary—i.e. perfectly complementary) to a corresponding region of a mammalian, human or viral microRNA (miRNA) sequence, preferably a human or viral miRNA sequence.

The microRNA sequence may suitably be a mature microRNA. In some embodiments the microRNA may be a microRNA precursor.

The human microRNA sequence may be selected from SEQ ID No 1-558 as disclosed in WO2008/046911, which are all hereby and specifically incorporated by reference. As described in WO2008/046911, these microRNAs are associated with cancer.

The viral microRNA sequence may, in some embodiments, be selected from the group consisting of Herpes simplex virus 1, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, Epstein Barr virus and Human cytomegalovirus.

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary (such as 100% complementary) to a corresponding region of a miRNA sequence selected from the group of miRNAs listed in table 1. Table 1 provides 7mer, 8mer and 9mer oligomers which target human and viral microRNAs published in miRBase (Release 12.0—http://microma.sanger.ac.uk/sequences/).

In some embodiments, the oligomers according to the invention may consist of or comprise a contiguous nucleotide sequence which is complementary to a corresponding microRNA sequence selected from the group consisting of miR-1, miR-10b, miR-17-3p, miR-18, miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-20, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-93, miR-106a, miR-106b, miR-122, miR-133, miR-134, miR-138, miR-155, miR-192, miR-194, miR-221, miR-222, miR-375.

Therefore, in one embodiment, the miRNA (i.e target miRNA) is selected from the group consisting of miR-1, miR-10b, miR-17-3p, miR-18, miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-20, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-93, miR-106a, miR-106b, miR-122, miR-133, miR-134, miR-138, miR-155, miR-192, miR-194, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-375.

In one embodiment, the miRNA target is a member of the miR 17-92 cluster, such as miR 17, miR 106a, miR 106b, miR 18, miR 19a, miR 19b/1, miR 19b/2, miR20/93, miR92/1, miR92/2 and miR25.

In some embodiments the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to a corresponding region of a microRNA (miRNA) sequence selected from the group consisting of miR-21, miR-155, miR-221, mir-222, and mir-122.

In some embodiments said miRNA is selected from the group consisting of miR-1, miR-10miR-29, miR-125b, miR-126, miR-133, miR-141, miR-143, miR-200b, miR-206, miR-208, miR-302, miR-372, miR-373, miR-375, and miR-520c/e.

In some embodiments the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to a corresponding region of a microRNA (miRNA) sequence present in the miR 17-92 cluster, such as a microRNA selected from the group consisting of miR-17-5p, miR-20a/b, miR-93, miR-106a/b, miR-18a/b, miR-19a/b, miR-25, miR-92a, miR-363.

In one embodiment, the miRNA (i.e target miRNA) is miR-21, such as hsa-miR-21. In one embodiment, the miRNA (i.e target miRNA) is miR-122, such as hsa-miR-122. In one embodiment, the miRNA (i.e target miRNA) is miR-19b, such as hsa-miR-19b. In one embodiment, the miRNA (i.e target miRNA) is miR-155, such as hsa-miR-155. In one embodiment, the miRNA (i.e target miRNA) is miR-375, such as hsa-miR-375. In one embodiment, the miRNA (i.e target miRNA) is miR-375, such as hsa-miR-106b.

Suitably, the contiguous nucleotide sequence may be complementary to a corresponding region of the microRNA, such as a hsa-miR selected from the group consisting of 19b, 21, 122, 155 and 375.

The Seed Region and Seedmers

The inventors have found that carefully designed short single stranded oligonucleotides comprising or consisting of nucleotide analogues, such as high affinity nucleotide analogues such as locked nucleic acid (LNA) units, show significant silencing of microRNAs, resulting in reduced microRNA levels. It was found that tight binding of said oligonucleotides to the so-called seed sequence, typically nucleotides 2 to 8 or 2 to 7, counting from the 5′ end, of the target microRNAs was important. Nucleotide 1 of the target microRNAs is a non-pairing base and is most likely hidden in a binding pocket in the Ago 2 protein. Whilst not wishing to be bound to a specific theory, the present inventors consider that by selecting the seed region sequences, particularly with oligonucleotides that comprise LNA, preferably LNA units in the region which is complementary to the seed region, the duplex between miRNA and oligonucleotide is particularly effective in targeting miRNAs, avoiding off target effects, and possibly providing a further feature which prevents RISC directed miRNA function.

The inventors have found that microRNA silencing is even more enhanced when LNA-modified single stranded oligonucleotides do not contain a nucleotide at the 3′ end corresponding to this non-paired nucleotide 1. It was further found that at least two LNA units in the 3′ end of the oligonucleotides according to the present invention made said oligonucleotides highly nuclease resistant.

In one embodiment, the first or second 3′ nucleotide of the oligomer corresponds to the second 5′ nucleotide of the microRNA sequence, and may be a nucleotide analogue, such as LNA.

In one embodiment, nucleotide units 1 to 6 (inclusive) of the oligomer as measured from the 3′ end the region of the oligomer are complementary to the microRNA seed region sequence, and may all be nucleotide analogues, such as LNA.

In one embodiment, nucleotide units 1 to 7 (inclusive) of the oligomer as measured from the 3′ end the region of the oligomer are complementary to the microRNA seed region sequence, and may all be nucleotide analogues, such as LNA.

In one embodiment, nucleotide units 2 to 7 (inclusive) of the oligomer as measured from the 3′ end the region of the oligomer are complementary to the microRNA seed region sequence, and may all be nucleotide analogues, such as LNA.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises at least one nucleotide analogue unit, such as at least one LNA unit, in a position which is within the region complementary to the miRNA seed region. The oligomer may, in one embodiment comprise at between one and 6 or between 1 and 7 nucleotide analogue units, such as between 1 and 6 and 1 and 7 LNA units, in a position which is within the region complementary to the miRNA seed region.

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of or comprises a sequence which is complementary (such as 100% complementary) to the seed sequence of said microRNA.

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of or comprises a sequence selected from any one of the seedmer sequences listed in table 1.

In one embodiment, the 3′ nucleotide of the seedmer forms the 3′ most nucleotide of the contiguous nucleotide sequence, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence may, optionally, comprise one or two further nucleotide 5′ to the seedmer sequence.

In one embodiment, the oligomer does not comprise a nucleotide which corresponds to the first nucleotide present in the microRNA sequence counted from the 5′ end.

In one embodiment, the oligonucleotide according to the invention does not comprise a nucleotide at the 3′ end that corresponds to the first 5′ end nucleotide of the target microRNA.

Nucleotide Analogues

According to the present invention, it has been found that it is particularly advantageous to have short oligonucleotides of 7, 8, 9, 10 nucleotides, such as 7, 8 or 9 nucleotides, wherein at least 50%, such as 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or such as 100% of the nucleotide units of the oligomer are (preferably high affinity) nucleotide analogues, such as a Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) nucleotide unit.

In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide of the invention is 7, 8 or 9 nucleotides long, and comprises a contiguous nucleotide sequence which is complementary to a seed region of a human or viral microRNA, and wherein at least 75%, such as at least 80%, such as at least 85%, such as at least 90%, such as at least 95%, such as 100% of the nucleotides are are Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) nucleotide units.

In such oligomers, in some embodiments, the linkage groups are other than phosphodiester linkages, such as are phosphorothioate linkages.

In one embodiment, all of the nucleotide units of the contiguous nucleotide sequence are LNA nucleotide units.

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence comprises or consists of 7, 8, 9 or 10, preferably contiguous, LNA nucleotide units.

In a further preferred embodiment, the oligonucleotide of the invention is 7, 8 or 9 nucleotides long, and comprises a contiguous nucleotide sequence which is complementary to a seed region of a human or viral microRNA, and wherein at least 80% of the nucleotides are LNA, and wherein at least 80%, such as 85%, such as 90%, such as 95%, such as 100% of the intemucleotide bonds are phosphorothioate bonds. It will be recognised that the contiguous nucleotide sequence of the oligmer (a seedmer) may extend beyond the seed region.

In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide of the invention is 7 nucleotides long, which are all LNA.

In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide of the invention is 8 nucleotides long, of which up to 1 nucleotide may be other than LNA. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide of the invention is 9 nucleotides long, of which up to 1 or 2 nucleotides may be other than LNA. In some embodiments, the oligonucleotide of the invention is 10 nucleotides long, of which 1, 2 or 3 nucleotides may be other than LNA. The nucleotides ′other than LNA, may for example, be DNA, or a 2′ substituted nucleotide analogues.

High affinity nucleotide analogues are nucleotide analogues which result in oligonucleotides which has a higher thermal duplex stability with a complementary RNA nucleotide than the binding affinity of an equivalent DNA nucleotide. This may be determined by measuring the T_(m).

In some embodiments, the nucleotide analogue units present in the contiguous nucleotide sequence are selected, optionally independently, from the group consisting of 2′-O_alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, LNA unit, PNA unit, HNA unit, INA unit, and a 2′MOE RNA unit.

In some embodiments, the nucleotide analogue units present in the contiguous nucleotide sequence are selected, optionally independently, from the group consisting of 2′-O_alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, LNA unit, and a 2′MOE RNA unit.

The term 2′fluoro-DNA refers to a DNA analogue with a substitution to fluorine at the 2′ position (2′F). 2′fluoro-DNA is a preferred form of 2′fluoro-nucleotide.

In some embodiments, the oligomer comprises at least 4 nucleotide analogue units, such as at least 5 nucleotide analogue units, such as at least 6 nucleotide analogue units, such as at least 7 nucleotide analogue units, such as at least 8 nucleotide analogue units, such as at least 9 nucleotide analogue units, such as 10, nucleotide analogue units.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises at least 3 LNA units, such as at least 4 LNA units, such as at least 5 LNA units, such as at least 6 LNA units, such as at least 7 LNA units, such as at least 8 LNA units, such as at least 9 LNA units, such as 10 LNA.

In one embodiment wherein at least one of the nucleotide analogues, such as LNA units, is either cytosine or guanine, such as between 1-10 of the of the nucleotide analogues, such as LNA units, is either cytosine or guanine, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 of the of the nucleotide analogues, such as LNA units, is either cytosine or guanine.

In one embodiment at least two of the nucleotide analogues such as LNA units are either cytosine or guanine. In one embodiment at least three of the nucleotide analogues such as LNA units are either cytosine or guanine. In one embodiment at least four of the nucleotide analogues such as LNA units are either cytosine or guanine. In one embodiment at least five of the nucleotide analogues such as LNA units are either cytosine or guanine. In one embodiment at least six of the nucleotide analogues such as LNA units are either cytosine or guanine. In one embodiment at least seven of the nucleotide analogues such as LNA units are either cytosine or guanine. In one embodiment at least eight of the nucleotide analogues such as LNA units are either cytosine or guanine.

In a preferred embodiment the nucleotide analogues have a higher thermal duplex stability for a complementary RNA nucleotide than the binding affinity of an equivalent DNA nucleotide to said complementary RNA nucleotide.

In one embodiment, the nucleotide analogues confer enhanced serum stability to the single stranded oligonucleotide.

Whilst the specific SEQ IDs in the sequence listing and table 1 refer to oligomers of LNA monomers with phosphorothioate (PS) backbone, it will be recognised that the invention also encompasses the use of other nucleotide analogues and/or linkages, either as an alternative to, or in combination with LNA. As such, the sequence of nucleotides (bases) shown in the sequence listings may be of LNA such as LNA/PS, LNA or may be oligomers containing alternative backbone chemistry, such as sugar/linkage chemistry, whilst retaining the same base sequence (A, T, C or G).

Whilst it is envisaged that other nucleotide analogues, such as 2′-MOE RNA or 2′-fluoro nucleotides may be useful in the oligomers according to the invention, it is preferred that the oligomers have a high proportion, such as at least 50%, LNA. nucleotides.

The nucleotide analogue may be a DNA analogue such as a DNA analogue where the 2′-H group is substituted with a substitution other than —OH (RNA) e.g. by substitution with —O—CH₃, —O—CH₂—CH₂—O—CH₃, —O—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—NH₂, —O—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—OH or —F. The nucleotide analogue may be a RNA analogues such as a RNA analogue which have been modified in its 2′-OH group, e.g. by substitution with a group other than —H (DNA), for example —O—CH₃, —O— CH₂—CH₂—O—CH₃, —O—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—NH₂, —O—CH₂—CH₂—CH₂—OH or —F. In one embodiment the nucleotide analogue is “ENA”.

LNA

When used in the present context, the terms “LNA unit”, “LNA monomer”, “LNA residue”, “locked nucleic acid unit”, “locked nucleic acid monomer” or “locked nucleic acid residue”, refer to a bicyclic nucleoside analogue. LNA units are described in inter alia WO 99/14226, WO 00/56746, WO 00/56748, WO 01/25248, WO 02/28875, WO 03/006475 and WO 03/095467. The LNA unit may also be defined with respect to its chemical formula. Thus, an “LNA unit”, as used herein, has the chemical structure shown in Scheme 1 below:

wherein

-   -   X is selected from the group consisting of O, S and NR^(H),         where R^(H) is H or C₁₋₄-alkyl; Y is (—CH₂)_(r), where r is an         integer of 1-4; and B is a nitrogenous base.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, r is 1 or 2, in particular 1, i.e. a preferred LNA unit has the chemical structure shown in Scheme 2 below:

wherein X and B are as defined above.

In an interesting embodiment, the LNA units incorporated in the oligonucleotides of the invention are independently selected from the group consisting of thio-LNA units, amino-LNA units and oxy-LNA units.

Thus, the thio-LNA unit may have the chemical structure shown in Scheme 3 below:

wherein B is as defined above.

Preferably, the thio-LNA unit is in its beta-D-form, i.e. having the structure shown in 3A above. likewise, the amino-LNA unit may have the chemical structure shown in Scheme 4 below:

wherein B and R^(H) are as defined above.

Preferably, the amino-LNA unit is in its beta-D-form, i.e. having the structure shown in 4A above.

The oxy-LNA unit may have the chemical structure shown in Scheme 5 below:

wherein B is as defined above.

Preferably, the oxy-LNA unit is in its beta-D-form, i.e. having the structure shown in 5A above. As indicated above, B is a nitrogenous base which may be of natural or non-natural origin. Specific examples of nitrogenous bases include adenine (A), cytosine (C), 5-methylcytosine (^(Me)C), isocytosine, pseudoisocytosine, guanine (G), thymine (T), uracil (U), 5-bromouracil, 5-propynyluracil, 5-propyny-6, 5-methytthiazoleuracil, 6-aminopurine, 2-aminopurine, inosine, 2,6-diaminopurine, 7-propyne-7-deazaadenine, 7-propyne-7-deazaguanine and 2-chloro-6-aminopurine.

The term “thio-LNA unit” refers to an LNA unit in which X in Scheme 1 is S. A thio-LNA unit can be in both the beta-D form and in the alpha-L form. Generally, the beta-D form of the thio-LNA unit is preferred. The beta-D-form and alpha-L-form of a thio-LNA unit are shown in Scheme 3 as compounds 3A and 3B, respectively.

The term “amino-LNA unit” refers to an LNA unit in which X in Scheme 1 is NH or NR^(H), where R^(H) is hydrogen or C₁₋₄-alkyl. An amino-LNA unit can be in both the beta-D form and in the alpha-L form. Generally, the beta-D form of the amino-LNA unit is preferred. The beta-D-form and alpha-L-form of an amino-LNA unit are shown in Scheme 4 as compounds 4A and 4B, respectively.

The term “oxy-LNA unit” refers to an LNA unit in which X in Scheme 1 is O. An Oxy-LNA unit can be in both the beta-D form and in the alpha-L form. Generally, the beta-D form of the oxy-LNA unit is preferred. The beta-D form and the alpha-L form of an oxy-LNA unit are shown in Scheme 5 as compounds 5A and 5B, respectively.

In the present context, the term “C₁₋₆-alkyl” is intended to mean a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon chain wherein the longest chains has from one to six carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl and hexyl. A branched hydrocarbon chain is intended to mean a C₁₋₆-alkyl substituted at any carbon with a hydrocarbon chain.

In the present context, the term “C₁₋₄-alkyl” is intended to mean a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon chain wherein the longest chains has from one to four carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl and tert-butyl. A branched hydrocarbon chain is intended to mean a C₁₋₄-alkyl substituted at any carbon with a hydrocarbon chain.

When used herein the term “C₁₋₆-alkoxy” is intended to mean C₁₋₆-alkyl-oxy, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentoxy, isopentoxy, neopentoxy and hexoxy.

In the present context, the term “C₂₋₆-alkenyl” is intended to mean a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having from two to six carbon atoms and containing one or more double bonds. Illustrative examples of C₂₋₆-alkenyl groups include allyl, homo-allyl, vinyl, crotyl, butenyl, butadienyl, pentenyl, pentadienyl, hexenyl and hexadienyl. The position of the unsaturation (the double bond) may be at any position along the carbon chain.

In the present context the term “C₂₋₆-alkynyl” is intended to mean linear or branched hydrocarbon groups containing from two to six carbon atoms and containing one or more triple bonds. Illustrative examples of C₂₋₆-alkynyl groups include acetylene, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl and hexynyl. The position of unsaturation (the triple bond) may be at any position along the carbon chain. More than one bond may be unsaturated such that the “C₂₋₆-alkynyl” is a di-yne or enedi-yne as is known to the person skilled in the art.

When referring to substituting a DNA unit by its corresponding LNA unit in the context of the present invention, the term “corresponding LNA unit” is intended to mean that the DNA unit has been replaced by an LNA unit containing the same nitrogenous base as the DNA unit that it has replaced, e.g. the corresponding LNA unit of a DNA unit containing the nitrogenous base A also contains the nitrogenous base A. The exception is that when a DNA unit contains the base C, the corresponding LNA unit may contain the base C or the base ^(Me)C, preferably ^(Me)C.

Herein, the term “non-LNA unit” refers to a nucleoside different from an LNA-unit, i.e. the term “non-LNA unit” includes a DNA unit as well as an RNA unit. A preferred non-LNA unit is a DNA unit.

The terms “unit”, “residue” and “monomer” are used interchangeably herein.

The term “at least one” encompasses an integer larger than or equal to 1, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and so forth.

The terms “a” and “an” as used about a nucleotide, an agent, an LNA unit, etc., is intended to mean one or more. In particular, the expression “a component (such as a nucleotide, an agent, an LNA unit, or the like) selected from the group consisting of . . . ” is intended to mean that one or more of the cited components may be selected. Thus, expressions like “a component selected from the group consisting of A, B and C” is intended to include all combinations of A, B and C, i.e. A, B, C, A+B, A+C, B+C and A+B+C.

Internucleoside Linkages

The term “internucleoside linkage group” is intended to mean a group capable of covalently coupling together two nucleotides, such as between DNA units, between DNA units and nucleotide analogues, between two non-LNA units, between a non-LNA unit and an LNA unit, and between two LNA units, etc. Examples include phosphate, phosphodiester groups and phosphorothioate groups.

In some embodiments, at least one of, such as all of the internucleoside linkage in the oligomer is phosphodiester. However for in vivo use, phosphorothioate linkages may be preferred.

Typical internucleoside linkage groups in oligonucleotides are phosphate groups, but these may be replaced by internucleoside linkage groups differing from phosphate. In a further interesting embodiment of the invention, the oligonucleotide of the invention is modified in its internucleoside linkage group structure, i.e. the modified oligonucleotide comprises an internucleoside linkage group which differs from phosphate. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises at least one internucleoside linkage group which differs from phosphate.

Specific examples of internucleoside linkage groups which differ from phosphate

(—O—P(O)₂—O—) include —O—P(O,S)—O—, —O—P(S)₂—O—, —S—P(O)₂—O—, —S—P(O,S)—O—, —S—P(S)₂—O—, —O—P(O)₂—S—, —O—P(O,S)—S—, —S—P(O)₂—S—, —O—PO(R^(H))—O—, O—PO(OCH₃)—O—, —O—PO(NR^(H))—O—, —O—PO(OCH₂CH₂S—R)—O—, —O—PO(BH₃)—O—, —O—PO(NHR^(H))—O—, —O—P(O)₂—NR^(H)—, —NR^(H)—P(O)₂—O—, —NR^(H)—CO—O—, —NR^(H)—CO—NR^(H)—, —O—CO—O—, —O—CO—NR^(H)—, —NR^(H)—CO—CH₂—, —O—CH₂—CO—NR^(H), —O—CH₂—CH₂—NR^(H)—, —CO—NR^(H)—CH₂—, —CH₂—NR^(H)—CO—, —O—CH₂—CH₂—S—, —S—CH₂—CH₂—O—, —S—CH₂—CH₂—S—, —CH₂—SO₂—CH₂, —CH₂—CO—NR^(H)—, —O—CH₂—CH₂—NR—CO—, —CH₂—NCH₃—O—CH₂—, where R^(H) is hydrogen or C₁₋₄-alkyl.

When the internucleoside linkage group is modified, the internucleoside linkage group is preferably a phosphorothioate group (—O—P(O,S)—O—). In a preferred embodiment, all internucleoside linkage groups of the oligonucleotides according to the present invention are phosphorothioate.

The internucleoside linkage may be selected form the group consisting of: —O—P(O)₂—O—, —O—P(O,S)—O—, —O—P(S)₂—O—, —S—P(O)₂—O—, —S—P(O,S)—O—, —S—P(S)₂—O—, —O—P(O)₂—S—, —O—P(O,S)—S—, —S—P(O)₂—S—, —O—PO(R^(H))—O—, O—PO(OCH₃)—O—, —O—PO(NR^(H))—O—, —O—PO(OCH₂CH₂S—R)—O—, —O—PO(BH₃)—O—, —O—PO(NHR^(H))—O—, —O—P(O)₂—NR^(H)—, —NR^(H)—P(O)₂—O—, —NR^(H)—CO—O—, —NR^(H)—CO—NR^(H)—, and/or the internucleoside linkage may be selected form the group consisting of: —O—CO—CO—O—CO—NR^(H)—, —NR^(H)—CO—CH₂—, —O—CH₂—CO—NR^(H)—, —O—CH₂—CH₂—NR^(H)—, —CO—NR^(H)—CH₂—, —CH₂—NR^(H)—CO—, —O—CH₂—CH₂—S—, —S—CH₂—CH₂—O—, —S—CH₂—CH₂—S—, —CH₂—SO₂—CH₂—, —CH₂—CO—NR^(H)—, —O—CH₂—CH₂—NR^(H)—CO—, —CH₂—NCH₃—O—CH₂—, where R^(H) is selected from hydrogen and C₁₋₄-alkyl. Suitably, in some embodiments, sulphur (S) containing internucleoside linkages as provided above may be preferred. The internucleoside linkages may be independently selected, or all be the same, such as phosphorothioate linkages.

In one embodiment, at least 75%, such as 80% or 85% or 90% or 95% or all of the internucleoside linkages present between the nucleotide units of the contiguous nucleotide sequence are phosphorothioate internucleoside linkages.

Micromir Oligonucleotides Targeting More than One microRNA

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to the corresponding sequence of at least two miRNA sequences such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 miRNA sequence. The use of a single universal base may allow a single oligomer of the invention to target two independent microRNAs which either one or both have a single mismatch in the region which corresponds to oligomer at the position where the universal nucleotide is positioned.

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of or comprises a sequence which is complementary to the sequence of at least two miRNA seed region sequences such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 miRNA seed region sequences.

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to the corresponding region of both miR-221 and miR-222.

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to the corresponding region of more than one member of the miR-17-92 cluster—such as two or more or all of miR-17-5p, miR-20a/b, miR-93, miR-106a/b; or two or more or all of miR-25, miR-92a and miR-363.

In one embodiment, the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of or comprises a sequence that is complementary to 5′GCTACAT3′.

Oligomer Design

In one embodiment, the first nucleotide of the oligomer according to the invention, counting from the 3′ end, is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit. In one embodiment, which may be the same or different, the last nucleotide of the oligomer according to the invention, counting from the 3′ end, is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit.

In one embodiment, the second nucleotide of the oligomer according to the invention, counting from the 3′ end, is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit.

In one embodiment, the ninth and/or the tenth nucleotide of the oligomer according to the invention, counting from the 3′ end, is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit.

In one embodiment, the ninth nucleotide of the oligomer according to the invention, counting from the 3′ end is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit.

In one embodiment, the tenth nucleotide of the oligomer according to the invention, counting from the 3′ end is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit.

In one embodiment, both the ninth and the tenth nucleotide of the oligomer according to the invention, calculated from the 3′ end is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit.

In one embodiment, the oligomer according to the invention does not comprise a region of more than 3 consecutive DNA nucleotide units. In one embodiment, the oligomer according to the invention does not comprise a region of more than 2 consecutive DNA nucleotide units.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises at least a region consisting of at least two consecutive nucleotide analogue units, such as at least two consecutive LNA units. In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises at least a region consisting of at least three consecutive nucleotide analogue units, such as at least three consecutive LNA units.

Other Patterns of Nucleotide Analogues Such as LNA in the Oligomer

Whilst it is envisaged that oligomers containing at least 6 LNA, such as at least 7 nucleotide units may be preferable, the discovery that such short oligomers are highly effective at targeting microRNAs in vivo can be used to prepare shorter oligomers of the invention which comprise other nucleotide analogues, such as high affinity nucleotide analogues. Indeed, the combination of LNA with other high affinity nucleotide analogues are considered as part of the present invention.

Modification of nucleotides in positions 1 to 2, counting from the 3′ end. The nucleotide at positions 1 and/or 2 may be a nucleotide analogue, such as a high affinity nucleotide analogue, such as LNA, or a nucleotide analogue selected from the group consisting of 2′-O-alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, 2′-MOE-RNA unit, LNA unit, PNA unit, HNA unit, INA unit. The two 3′ nucleotide may therefore be

Xx, xX, XX or xx, wherein: In one embodiment X is LNA and x is DNA or another nucleotide analogue, such as as a 2′ substituted nucleotide analogue selected from the group consisting of 2′-O_alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, LNA, and a 2′MOE RNA unit. Said non-LNA unit (x) may therefore be 2′MOE RNA or 2′-fluoro-DNA. Alternatively X is a nucleotide analogue, and x is DNA.

The above modification at the 2 3′ terminal nucleotides may be combined with modification of nucleotides in positions 3-8 counting from the 3′ end, as described below. In this respect nucleotides designated as X and x may be the same throughout the oligomer. It will be noted that when the oligomer is only 7 nucleotides in length the 8^(th) nucleotide counting from the 3′ end should be discarded. In the following embodiments which refer to the modification of nucleotides in positions 3 to 8, counting from the 3′ end, the LNA units, in one embodiment, may be replaced with other nucleotide anlogues, such as those referred to herein. “X” may, therefore be selected from the group consisting of 2′-O-alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, 2′-MOE-RNA unit, LNA unit, PNA unit, HNA unit, INA unit. “x” is preferably DNA or RNA, most preferably DNA. However, it is preferred that X is LNA.

In one embodiment of the invention, the oligonucleotides of the invention are modified in positions 3 to 8, counting from the 3′ end. The design of this sequence may be defined by the number of non-LNA units present or by the number of LNA units present. In a preferred embodiment of the former, at least one, such as one, of the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, is a non-LNA unit. In another embodiment, at least two, such as two, of the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, are non-LNA units. In yet another embodiment, at least three, such as three, of the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, are non-LNA units. In still another embodiment, at least four, such as four, of the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, are non-LNA units. In a further embodiment, at least five, such as five, of the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, are non-LNA units. In yet a further embodiment, all six nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, are non-LNA units.

Alternatively defined, in an embodiment, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises at least three LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end.

In an embodiment thereof, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises three LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end. The substitution pattern for the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, may be selected from the group consisting of XXXxxx, xXXXxx, xxXXXx, xxxXXX, XXxXxx, XXxxXx, XXxxxX, xXXxXx, xXXxxX, xxXXxX, XxXXxx, XxxXXx, XxxxXX, xXxXXx, xXxxXX, xxXxXX, xXxXxX and XxXxXx, wherein “X” denotes an LNA unit and “x” denotes a non-LNA unit. In a preferred embodiment, the substitution pattern for the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, is selected from the group consisting of XXxXxx, XXxxXx, XXxxxX, xXXxXx, xXXxxX, xxXXxX, XxXXxx, XxxXXx, XxxxXX, xXxXXx, xXxxXX, xxXxXX, xXxXxX and XxXxXx, wherein “X” denotes an LNA unit and “x” denotes a non-LNA unit. In a more preferred embodiment, the substitution pattern for the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, is selected from the group consisting of xXXxXx, xXXxxX, xxXXxX, xXxXXx, xXxxXX, xxXxXX and xXxXxX, wherein “X” denotes an LNA unit and “x” denotes a non-LNA unit. In an embodiment, the substitution pattern for the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, is xXxXxX or XxXxXx, wherein “X” denotes an LNA unit and “x” denotes a non-LNA unit. In an embodiment, the substitution pattern for the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, is xXxXxX, wherein “X” denotes an LNA unit and “x” denotes a non-LNA unit.

In a further embodiment, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises at least four LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end. In an embodiment thereof, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises four LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end. The substitution pattern for the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, may be selected from the group consisting of xxXXXX, xXxXXX, xXXxXX, xXXXxX, xXXXXx, XxxXXX, XxXxXX, XxXXxX, XxXXXx, XXxxXX, XXxXxX, XXxXXx, XXXxxX, XXXxXx and XXXXxx, wherein “X” denotes an LNA unit and “x” denotes a non-LNA unit.

In yet a further embodiment, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises at least five LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end. In an embodiment thereof, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises five LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end. The substitution pattern for the nucleotides in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, may be selected from the group consisting of xXXXXX, XxXXXX, XXxXXX, XXXxXX, XXXXxX and XXXXXx, wherein “X” denotes an LNA unit and “x” denotes a non-LNA unit.

Preferably, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises one or two LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end. This is considered advantageous for the stability of the A-helix formed by the oligo:microRNA duplex, a duplex resembling an RNA:RNA duplex in structure.

In yet a further embodiment, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises at least six LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end. In an embodiment thereof, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention comprises at from three to six LNA units in positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end, and in addition from none to three other high affinity nucleotide analogues in the same region, such that the total amount of high affinity nucleotide analogues (including the LNA units) amount to six in the region from positions three to eight, counting from the 3′ end.

In some embodiments, such as when X is LNA, said non-LNA unit (x) is another nucleotide analogue unit, such as a 2′ substituted nucleotide analogue selected from the group consisting of 2′-O_alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, LNA, and a 2′MOE RNA unit. Said non-LNA unit (x) may therefore be 2′MOE RNA or 2′-fluoro-DNA.

For oligomers which have 9 or 10 nucleotides, the nucleotide at positions 9 and/or 10 may be a nucleotide analogue, such as a high affinity nucleotide analogue, such as LNA, or a nucleotide analogue selected from the group consisting of 2′-O-alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, 2′-MOE-RNA unit, LNA unit, PNA unit, HNA unit, INA unit. The two 5′ nucleotides may therefore be

Xx, xX, XX or xx, wherein: In one embodiment X is LNA and x is DNA or another nucleotide analogue, such as as a 2′ substituted nucleotide analogue selected from the group consisting of 2′-O_alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, LNA, and a 2′MOE RNA unit. Said non-LNA unit (x) may therefore be 2′MOE RNA or 2′-fluoro-DNA. Alternatively X is a nucleotide analogue, and x is DNA.

The above modification at the 2 5′ terminal nucleotides may be combined with modification of nucleotides in positions 3-8 counting from the 3′ end, and/or the 2 3′ nucleotitides as described above. In this respect nucleotides designated as X and x may be the same throughout the oligomer.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention contains an LNA unit at the 5′ end. In another preferred embodiment, the oligonucleotide according to the present invention contains an LNA unit at the first two positions, counting from the 5′ end.

In one embodiment, the invention further provides for an oligomer as described in the context of the pharmaceutical composition of the invention, or for use in vivo in an organism, such as a medicament, wherein said oligomer (or contiguous nucleotide sequence) comprises either

-   -   i) at least one phosphorothioate linkage and/or     -   ii) at least one 3′ terminal LNA unit, and/or     -   iii) at least one 5′ terminal LNA unit.

The oligomer may therefore contain at least one phosphorothioate linkage, such as all linkages being phosphorthioates, and at least one 3′ terminal LNA unit, and at least one 5′ terminal LNA unit.

It is preferable for most therapeutic uses that the oligonucleotide is fully phosphorothiolated—an exception being for therapeutic oligonucleotides for use in the CNS, such as in the brain or spine where phosphorothioation can be toxic, and due to the absence of nucleases, phosphodiester bonds may be used, even between consecutive DNA units.

As referred to herein, other in one aspect of the oligonucleotide according to the invention is that the second 3′ nucleotide, and/or the 9^(t) and 10 (from the 3′ end), if present, may also be LNA.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises at least five nucleotide analogue units, such as at least five LNA units, in positions which are complementary to the miRNA seed region.

In one embodiment, the nucleotide sequence of the oligomer which is complementary to the sequence of the microRNA seed region, is selected from the group consisting of (X)xXXXXX, (X)XxXXXX, (X)XXxXXX, (X)XXXxXX, (X)XXXXxX and (X)XXXXXx, wherein “X” denotes a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit, (X) denotes an optional nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit, and “x” denotes a DNA or RNA nucleotide unit.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises six or seven nucleotide analogue units, such as six or seven LNA units, in positions which are complementary to the miRNA seed region.

In one embodiment, the nucleotide sequence of the oligomer which is complementary to the sequence of the microRNA seed region, is selected from the group consisting of XXXXXX, XxXXXXX, XXxXXXX, XXXxXXX, XXXXxXX, XXXXXxX and XXXXXXx, wherein “X” denotes a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit, such as an LNA unit, and “x” denotes a DNA or RNA nucleotide unit.

In one embodiment, the two nucleotide motif at position 7 to 8, counting from the 3′ end of the oligomer is selected from the group consisting of xx, XX, xX and Xx, wherein “X” denotes a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit, such as an LNA unit, and “x” denotes a DNA or RNA nucleotide unit.

In one embodiment, the two nucleotide motif at position 7 to 8, counting from the 3′ end of the oligomer is selected from the group consisting of XX, xX and Xx, wherein “X” denotes a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit, such as an LNA unit, and “x” denotes a DNA or RNA nucleotide unit.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises at 12 nucleotides and wherein the two nucleotide motif at position 11 to 12, counting from the 3′ end of the oligomer is selected from the group consisting of xx, XX, xX and Xx, wherein “X” denotes a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit, such as an LNA unit, and “x” denotes a DNA or RNA nucleotide unit.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises 12 nucleotides and wherein the two nucleotide motif at position 11 to 12, counting from the 3′ end of the oligomer is selected from the group consisting of XX, xX and Xx, wherein “X” denotes a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA unit, such as an LNA unit, and “x” denotes a DNA or RNA nucleotide unit, such as a DNA unit.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises a nucleotide analogue unit, such as an LNA unit, at the 5′ end.

In one embodiment, the nucleotide analogue units, such as X, are independently selected form the group consisting of: 2′-O-alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, 2′-MOE-RNA unit, LNA unit, PNA unit, HNA unit, INA unit.

In one embodiment, all the nucleotides of the oligomer of the invention are nucleotide analogue units.

In one embodiment, the nucleotide analogue units, such as X, are independently selected form the group consisting of: 2′-OMe-RNA units, 2′-fluoro-DNA units, and LNA units,

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises said at least one LNA analogue unit and at least one further nucleotide analogue unit other than LNA.

In one embodiment, the non-LNA nucleotide analogue unit or units are independently selected from 2′-OMe RNA units and 2′-fluoro DNA units.

In one embodiment, the oligomer consists of at least one sequence XYX or YXY, wherein X is LNA and Y is either a 2′-OMe RNA unit and 2′-fluoro DNA unit.

In one embodiment, the sequence of nucleotides of the oligomer consists of alternative X and Y units.

In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises alternating LNA and DNA units (Xx) or (xX). In one embodiment, the oligomer comprises a motif of alternating LNA followed by 2 DNA units (Xxx), xXx or xxX.

In one embodiment, at least one of the DNA or non-LNA nucleotide analogue units are replaced with a LNA nucleotide in a position selected from the positions identified as LNA nucleotide units in any one of the embodiments referred to above. In one embodiment, “X” donates an LNA unit.

Further Designs for Oligomers of the Invention

Table 1 below provides non-limiting examples of short microRNA sequences that could advantageously be targeted with an oligonucleotide of the present invention.

The oligonucleotides according to the invention, such as those disclosed in table 1 may, in one embodiment, have a sequence of 7, 8, 9 or 10 LNA nucleotides 5′-3′ LLLLLLL(L)(L)(L)(L), or have a sequence of nucleotides selected form the group consisting of, the first 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotides of the following motifs:

LdLddL(L)(d)(d)(L)(d)(L)(d)(L)(L), LdLdLL(L)(d)(d)(L)(L)(L)(d)(L)(L), LMLMML(L)(M)(M)(L)(M)(L)(M)(L)(L), LMLMLL(L)(M)(M)(L)(L)(L)(M)(L)(L), LFLFFL(L)(F)(F)(L)(F)(L)(F)(L)(L), LFLFLL(L)(F)(F)(L)(L)(L)(F)(L)(L), and every third designs such as; LddLdd(L)(d)(d)(L)(d)(d)(L)(d)(d)(L)(d) ′dLddLd(d)(L)(d)(d)(L)(d)(d)(L)(d)(d)(L), ddLddL(d)(d)(L)(d)(d)(L)(d)(d)(L)(d)(d), LMMLMM(L)(M)(M)(L)(M)(M)(L)(M)(M)(L)(M), MLMMLM(M)(L)(M)(M)(L)(M)(M)(L)(M)(M)(L), MMLMML(M)(M)(L)(M)(M)(L)(M)(M)(L)(M)(M), LFFLFF(L)(F)(F)(L)(F)(F)(L)(F)(F)(L)(F), FLFFLF(F)(L)(F)(F)(L)(F)(F)(L)(F)(F)(L), FFLFFL(F)(F)(L)(F)(F)(L)(F)(F)(L)(F)(F), and dLdLdL(d)(L)(d)(L)(d)(L)(d)(L)(d)(L)(d) and an every second design, such as; LdLdLd(L)(d)(L)(d)(L)(d)(L)(d)(L)(d)(L), MLMLML(M)(L)(M)(L)(M)(L)(M)(L)(M)(L)(M), LMLMLM(L)(M)(L)(M)(L)(M)(L)(M)(L)(M)(L), FLFLFL(F)(L)(F)(L)(F)(L)(F)(L)(F)(L)(F), and LFLFLF(L)(F)(L)(F)(L)(F)(L)(F)(L)(F)(L); wherein L=LNA unit, d=DNA units, M=2′MOE RNA, F=2′Fluoro and residues In brackets are optional.

Pharmaceutical Composition and Medical Application

The invention provides for a pharmaceutical composition comprising the oligomer according to the invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier, salt or adjuvant.

The invention further provides for the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention, such as those which may form part of the pharmaceutical composition, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease or medical disorder associated with the presence or over-expression (upregulation) of the microRNA.

The invention further provides for a method for the treatment of a disease or medical disorder associated with the presence or over-expression of the microRNA, comprising the step of administering a composition (such as the pharmaceutical composition) according to the invention to a person in need of treatment.

The invention further provides for a method for reducing the effective amount of a miRNA in a cell or an organism, comprising administering a composition (such as the pharmaceutical composition) according to the invention or a oligomer according to the invention to the cell or the organism. Reducing the effective amount in this context refers to the reduction of functional miRNA present in the cell or organism. It is recognised that the preferred oligonucleotides according to the invention may not always significantly reduce the actual amount of miRNA in the cell or organism as they typically form very stable duplexes with their miRNA targets. The reduction of the effective amount of the miRNA in a cell may, in one embodiment, be measured by detecting the level of de-repression of the miRNA's target in the cell.

The invention further provides for a method for de-repression of a target mRNA of a miRNA in a cell or an organism, comprising administering a composition (such as the pharmaceutical composition) or a oligomer according to the invention to the cell or the organism.

The invention further provides for the use of a oligomer of between 7-10 such as 7, 8, 9, or 10 nucleotides in length, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease or medical disorder associated with the presence or over-expression of the microRNA.

In one embodiment the medical condition (or disease) is hepatitis C (HCV), and the miRNA is miR-122.

In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition according to the invention is for use in the treatment of a medical disorder or disease selected from the group consisting of: hepatitis C virus infection and hypercholesterolemia and related disorders, and cancers.

In one embodiment the medical disorder or disease is a CNS disease, such as a CNS disease where one or more microRNAs are known to be indicated.

In the context of hypercholesterolemia related disorders refers to diseases such as atherosclerosis or hyperlipidemia. Further examples of related diseases also include different types of HDL/LDL cholesterol imbalance; dyslipidemias, e.g., familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), acquired hyperlipidemia, statin-resistant hypercholesterolemia; coronary artery disease (CAD) coronary heart disease (CHD), atherosclerosis.

In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition according to the invention further comprises a second independent active ingredient that is an inhibitor of the VLDL assembly pathway, such as an ApoB inhibitor, or an MTP inhibitor (such as those disclosed in U.S. 60/977,497, hereby incorporated by reference).

The invention further provides for a method for the treatment of a disease or medical disorder associated with the presence or over-expression of the microRNA, comprising the step of administering a composition (such as the pharmaceutical composition) comprising a oligomer of between between 7-10 such as 7, 8, 9, or 10 nucleotides in length, to a person in need of treatment.

The invention further provides for a method for reducing the effective amount of a miRNA target (i.e. ‘available’ miRNA) in a cell or an organism, comprising administering a composition (such as the pharmaceutical composition) comprising a oligomer of between 6 7-10 such as 7, 8, 9, or 10 nucleotides in length, to the cell or the organism.

It should be recognised that “reducing the effective amount” of one or more microRNAs in a cell or organism, refers to the inhibition of the microRNA function in the call or organism. The cell is preferably amammalain cell or a human cell which expresses the microRNA or microRNAs.

The invention further provides for a method for de-repression of a target mRNA of a miRNA in a cell or an organism, comprising a oligomer of 7-10 such as 7, 8, 9, or 10 nucleotides in length, or (or a composition comprising said oligonucleotide) to the cell or the organism.

As mentioned above, microRNAs are related to a number of diseases. Hence, a fourth aspect of the invention relates to the use of an oligonucleotide as defined herein for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease associated with the expression of microRNAs selected from the group consisting of spinal muscular atrophy, Tourette's syndrome, hepatitis C, fragile X mental retardation, DiGeorge syndrome and cancer, such as in non limiting example, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, breast cancer, lung cancer and colon cancer, in particular cancer.

Methods of Synthesis

The invention further provides for a method for the synthesis of an oligomer targeted against a human microRNA, such as an oligomer described herein, said method comprising the steps of:

-   -   a. Optionally selecting a first nucleotide, counting from the 3′         end, which is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA nucleotide.     -   b. Optionally selecting a second nucleotide, counting from the         3′ end, which is a nucleotide analogue, such as an LNA         nucleotide.     -   c. Selecting a region of the oligomer which corresponds to the         miRNA seed region, wherein said region is as defined herein.     -   d. Selecting a seventh and optionally an eight nucleotideas         defined herein.     -   e. Optionally selecting one or two further 5′ terminal of the         oligomer is as defined herein;

wherein the synthesis is performed by sequential synthesis of the regions defined in steps a-e, wherein said synthesis may be performed in either the 3′-5′ (a to f) or 5′-3′ (e to a) direction, and wherein said oligomer is complementary to a sequence of the miRNA target.

The invention further provides for a method for the preparation of an oligomer (such as an oligomer according to the invention), said method comprising the steps of a) comparing the sequences of two or more miRNA sequences to identify two or more miRNA sequences which comprise a common contiguous nucleotide sequence of at least 7 nucleotides in length, such as 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotides in length (i.e. a sequence found in both non-identical miRNAs), b) preparing an oligomer sequence which consists or comprises of a contiguous nucleotide sequence with is complementary to said common contiguous nucleotide sequence, wherein said oligomer is, as according to the oligomer of the invention. In a preferred example, the common contiguous nucleotide sequence consists or comprises of the seed region of each of said two or more miRNA sequences (which comprise a common contiguous nucleotide sequence of at least 6 nucleotides in length). In one embodiment, the seed regions of the two or more miRNAs are identical. Suitably the oligomer consists or comprises a seedmer sequence of 7 or 8 nucleotides in length which comprises of a sequence which is complementary to said two or more miRNAs. This method may be used in conjunction with step c of the above method.

The method for the synthesis of the oligomer according to the invention may be performed using standard solid phase oligonucleotide systhesis.

In one embodiment, the method for the synthesis of a oligomer targeted against a human microRNA, is performed in the 3′ to 5′ direction a-e.

A further aspect of the invention is a method to reduce the levels of target microRNA by contacting the target microRNA to an oligonucleotide as defined herein, wherein the oligonucleotide (i) is complementary to the target microRNA sequence (ii) does not contain a nucleotide at the 3′ end that corresponds to the first 5′ end nucleotide of the target microRNA.

Duplex Stability and T_(m)

In one embodiment, the oligomer of the invention is capable of forming a duplex with a complementary single stranded RNA nucleic acid molecule (typically of about the same length of said single stranded oligonucleotide) with phosphodiester internucleoside linkages, wherein the duplex has a T_(m) of between 30° C. and and 70° C. or 80° C., such as between 30° C. and 60° C. ot 70° C., or between 30° C. and 50° C. or 60° C. In one embodiment the T_(m) is at least 40° C. T_(m) may be determined by determining the T_(m) of the oligomer and a complementary RNA target in the following buffer conditions: 100 mM NaCl, 0.1 mM EDTA, 10 mM Na-phosphate, pH 7.0 (see examples for a detailed protocol). A high affinity analogue may be defined as an analogue which, when used in the oligomer of the invention, results in an increase in the T_(m) of the oligomer as compared to an identical oligomer which has contains only DNA bases.

Conjugates

In one embodiment, said oligomer is conjugated with one or more non-nucleotide (or polynucleotide) compounds.

In the context the term “conjugate” is intended to indicate a heterogenous molecule formed by the covalent attachment (“conjugation”) of the oligomer as described herein to one or more non-nucleotide, or non-polynucleotide moieties. Examples of non-nucleotide or non-polynucleotide moieties include macromolecular agents such as proteins, fatty acid chains, sugar residues, glycoproteins, polymers, or combinations thereof. Typically proteins may be antibodies for a target protein. Typical polymers may be polyethylene glycol.

Therefore, in various embodiments, the oligomer of the invention may comprise both a polynucleotide region which typically consists of a contiguous sequence of nucleotides, and a further non-nucleotide region. When referring to the oligomer of the invention consisting of a contiguous nucleotide sequence, the compound may comprise non-nucleotide components, such as a conjugate component.

In various embodiments of the invention the oligomeric compound is linked to ligands/conjugates, which may be used, e.g. to increase the cellular uptake of oligomeric compounds. WO2007/031091 provides suitable ligands and conjugates, which are hereby incorporated by reference.

The invention also provides for a conjugate comprising the compound according to the invention as herein described, and at least one non-nucleotide or non-polynucleotide moiety covalently attached to said compound. Therefore, in various embodiments where the compound of the invention consists of a specified nucleic acid or nucleotide sequence, as herein disclosed, the compound may also comprise at least one non-nucleotide or non-polynucleotide moiety (e.g. not comprising one or more nucleotides or nucleotide analogues) covalently attached to said compound.

Conjugation (to a conjugate moiety) may enhance the activity, cellular distribution or cellular uptake of the oligomer of the invention. Such moieties include, but are not limited to, antibodies, polypeptides, lipid moieties such as a cholesterol moiety, cholic acid, a thioether, e.g. Hexyl-s-tritylthiol, a thiocholesterol, an aliphatic chain, e.g., dodecandiol or undecyl residues, a phospholipids, e.g., di-hexadecyl-rac-glycerol or triethylammonium 1,2-di-o-hexadecyl-rac-glycero-3-h-phosphonate, a polyamine or a polyethylene glycol chain, an adamantane acetic acid, a palmityl moiety, an octadecylamine or hexylamino-carbonyl-oxycholesterol moiety.

The oligomers of the invention may also be conjugated to active drug substances, for example, aspirin, ibuprofen, a sulfa drug, an antidiabetic, an antibacterial or an antibiotic.

In certain embodiments the conjugated moiety is a sterol, such as cholesterol.

In various embodiments, the conjugated moiety comprises or consists of a positively charged polymer, such as a positively charged peptides of, for example between 1-50, such as 2-20 such as 3-10 amino acid residues in length, and/or polyalkylene oxide such as polyethylglycol(PEG) or polypropylene glycol—see WO 2008/034123, hereby incorporated by reference. Suitably the positively charged polymer, such as a polyalkylene oxide may be attached to the oligomer of the invention via a linker such as the releasable inker described in WO 2008/034123.

By way of example, the following conjugate moieties may be used in the conjugates of the invention:

Activated Oligomers

The term “activated oligomer,” as used herein, refers to an oligomer of the invention that is covalently linked (i.e., functionalized) to at least one functional moiety that permits covalent linkage of the oligomer to one or more conjugated moieties, i.e., moieties that are not themselves nucleic acids or monomers, to form the conjugates herein described. Typically, a functional moiety will comprise a chemical group that is capable of covalently bonding to the oligomer via, e.g., a 3′-hydroxyl group or the exocyclic NH₂ group of the adenine base, a spacer that is preferably hydrophilic and a terminal group that is capable of binding to a conjugated moiety (e.g., an amino, sulfhydryl or hydroxyl group). In some embodiments, this terminal group is not protected, e.g., is an NH₂ group. In other embodiments, the terminal group is protected, for example, by any suitable protecting group such as those described in “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” by Theodora W Greene and Peter G M Wuts, 3rd edition (John Wiley & Sons, 1999). Examples of suitable hydroxyl protecting groups include esters such as acetate ester, aralkyl groups such as benzyl, diphenylmethyl, or triphenylmethyl, and tetrahydropyranyl. Examples of suitable amino protecting groups include benzyl, alpha-methylbenzyl, diphenylmethyl, triphenylmethyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, and acyl groups such as trichloroacetyl or trifluoroacetyl. In some embodiments, the functional moiety is self-cleaving. In other embodiments, the functional moiety is biodegradable. See e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 7,087,229, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

In some embodiments, oligomers of the invention are functionalized at the 5′ end in order to allow covalent attachment of the conjugated moiety to the 5′ end of the oligomer. In other embodiments, oligomers of the invention can be functionalized at the 3′ end. In still other embodiments, oligomers of the invention can be functionalized along the backbone or on the heterocyclic base moiety. In yet other embodiments, oligomers of the invention can be functionalized at more than one position independently selected from the 5′ end, the 3′ end, the backbone and the base.

In some embodiments, activated oligomers of the invention are synthesized by incorporating during the synthesis one or more monomers that is covalently attached to a functional moiety. In other embodiments, activated oligomers of the invention are synthesized with monomers that have not been functionalized, and the oligomer is functionalized upon completion of synthesis. In some embodiments, the oligomers are functionalized with a hindered ester containing an aminoalkyl linker, wherein the alkyl portion has the formula (CH₂)_(w), wherein w is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, preferably about 6, wherein the alkyl portion of the alkylamino group can be straight chain or branched chain, and wherein the functional group is attached to the oligomer via an ester group (—O—C(O)—(CH₂)_(w)NH).

In other embodiments, the oligomers are functionalized with a hindered ester containing a (CH₂)_(w)-sulfhydryl (SH) linker, wherein w is an integer ranging from 1 to 10, preferably about 6, wherein the alkyl portion of the alkylamino group can be straight chain or branched chain, and wherein the functional group attached to the oligomer via an ester group (—O—C(O)—(CH₂)_(w)SH).

In some embodiments, sulfhydryl-activated oligonucleotides are conjugated with polymer moieties such as polyethylene glycol or peptides (via formation of a disulfide bond).

Activated oligomers containing hindered esters as described above can be synthesized by any method known in the art, and in particular by methods disclosed in PCT Publication No. WO 2008/034122 and the examples therein, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In still other embodiments, the oligomers of the invention are functionalized by introducing sulfhydryl, amino or hydroxyl groups into the oligomer by means of a functionalizing reagent substantially as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,962,029 and 4,914,210, i.e., a substantially linear reagent having a phosphoramidite at one end linked through a hydrophilic spacer chain to the opposing end which comprises a protected or unprotected sulfhydryl, amino or hydroxyl group. Such reagents primarily react with hydroxyl groups of the oligomer. In some embodiments, such activated oligomers have a functionalizing reagent coupled to a 5′-hydroxyl group of the oligomer. In other embodiments, the activated oligomers have a functionalizing reagent coupled to a 3′-hydroxyl group. In still other embodiments, the activated oligomers of the invention have a functionalizing reagent coupled to a hydroxyl group on the backbone of the oligomer. In yet further embodiments, the oligomer of the invention is functionalized with more than one of the functionalizing reagents as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,962,029 and 4,914,210, incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Methods of synthesizing such functionalizing reagents and incorporating them into monomers or oligomers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,962,029 and 4,914,210.

In some embodiments, the 5′-terminus of a solid-phase bound oligomer is functionalized with a dienyl phosphoramidite derivative, followed by conjugation of the deprotected oligomer with, e.g., an amino acid or peptide via a Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction.

In various embodiments, the incorporation of monomers containing 2′-sugar modifications, such as a 2′-carbamate substituted sugar or a 2′-(O-pentyl-N-phthalimido)-deoxyribose sugar into the oligomer facilitates covalent attachment of conjugated moieties to the sugars of the oligomer. In other embodiments, an oligomer with an amino-containing linker at the 2′-position of one or more monomers is prepared using a reagent such as, for example, 5′-dimethoxytrityl-2′-O-(e-phthalimidylaminopentyl)-2′-deoxyadenosine-3′-N,N-diisopropyl-cyanoethoxy phosphoramidite. See, e.g., Manoharan, et al., Tetrahedron Letters, 1991, 34, 7171.

In still further embodiments, the oligomers of the invention may have amine-containing functional moieties on the nucleotide, including on the N6 purine amino groups, on the exocyclic N2 of guanine, or on the N4 or 5 positions of cytosine. In various embodiments, such functionalization may be achieved by using a commercial reagent that is already functionalized in the oligomer synthesis.

Some functional moieties are commercially available, for example, heterobifunctional and homobifunctional linking moieties are available from the Pierce Co. (Rockford, Ill.). Other commercially available linking groups are 5′-Amino-Modifier C6 and 3′-Amino-Modifier reagents, both available from Glen Research Corporation (Sterling, Va.). 5′-Amino-Modifier C6 is also available from ABI (Applied Biosystems Inc., Foster City, Calif.) as Aminolink-2, and 3′-Amino-Modifier is also available from Clontech Laboratories Inc. (Palo Alto, Calif.).

Therapy and Pharmaceutical Compositions—Formulation and Administration

As explained initially, the oligonucleotides of the invention will constitute suitable drugs with improved properties. The design of a potent and safe drug requires the fine-tuning of various parameters such as affinity/specificity, stability in biological fluids, cellular uptake, mode of action, pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity.

Accordingly, in a further aspect the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligonucleotide according to the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier or adjuvant. Preferably said carrier is saline or buffered saline.

In a still further aspect the present invention relates to an oligonucleotide according to the present invention for use as a medicament.

As will be understood, dosing is dependent on severity and responsiveness of the disease state to be treated, and the course of treatment lasting from several days to several months, or until a cure is effected or a diminution of the disease state is achieved. Optimal dosing schedules can be calculated from measurements of drug accumulation in the body of the patient. Optimum dosages may vary depending on the relative potency of individual oligonucleotides. Generally it can be estimated based on EC50s found to be effective in in vitro and in vivo animal models. In general, dosage is from 0.01 μg to 1 g per kg of body weight, and may be given once or more daily, weekly, monthly or yearly, or even once every 2 to 10 years or by continuous infusion for hours up to several months. The repetition rates for dosing can be estimated based on measured residence times and concentrations of the drug in bodily fluids or tissues. Following successful treatment, it may be desirable to have the patient undergo maintenance therapy to prevent the recurrence of the disease state.

As indicated above, the invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises at least one oligonucleotide of the invention as an active ingredient. It should be understood that the pharmaceutical composition according to the invention optionally comprises a pharmaceutical carrier, and that the pharmaceutical composition optionally comprises further compounds, such as chemotherapeutic compounds, anti-inflammatory compounds, antiviral compounds and/or immuno-modulating compounds.

The oligonucleotides of the invention can be used “as is” or in form of a variety of pharmaceutically acceptable salts. As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” refers to salts that retain the desired biological activity of the herein-identified oligonucleotides and exhibit minimal undesired toxicological effects. Non-limiting examples of such salts can be formed with organic amino acid and base addition salts formed with metal cations such as zinc, calcium, bismuth, barium, magnesium, aluminum, copper, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, sodium, potassium, and the like, or with a cation formed from ammonia, N,N-dibenzylethylene-diamine, D-glucosamine, tetraethylammonium, or ethylenediamine.

In one embodiment of the invention, the oligonucleotide may be in the form of a pro-drug. Oligonucleotides are by virtue negatively charged ions. Due to the lipophilic nature of cell membranes the cellular uptake of oligonucleotides are reduced compared to neutral or lipophilic equivalents. This polarity “hindrance” can be avoided by using the pro-drug approach (see e.g. Crooke, R. M. (1998) in Crooke, S. T. Antisense research and Application. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, vol. 131, pp. 103-140).

Pharmaceutically acceptable binding agents and adjuvants may comprise part of the formulated drug.

Examples of delivery methods for delivery of the therapeutic agents described herein, as well as details of pharmaceutical formulations, salts, may are well described elsewhere for example in U.S. provisional application 60/838,710 and 60/788,995, which are hereby incorporated by reference, and Danish applications, PA 2006 00615 which is also hereby incorporated by reference.

Pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, solutions, emulsions, and liposome-containing formulations. These compositions may be generated from a variety of components that include, but are not limited to, preformed liquids, self-emulsifying solids and self-emulsifying semisolids. Delivery of drug to tumour tissue may be enhanced by carrier-mediated delivery including, but not limited to, cationic liposomes, cyclodextrins, porphyrin derivatives, branched chain dendrimers, polyethylenimine polymers, nanoparticles and microspheres (Dass C R. J Pharm Pharmacol 2002; 54(1):3-27). The pharmaceutical formulations of the present invention, which may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form, may be prepared according to conventional techniques well known in the pharmaceutical industry. Such techniques include the step of bringing into association the active ingredients with the pharmaceutical carrier(s) or excipient(s). In general the formulations are prepared by uniformly and intimately bringing into association the active ingredients with liquid carriers or finely divided solid carriers or both, and then, if necessary, shaping the product. The compositions of the present invention may be formulated into any of many possible dosage forms such as, but not limited to, tablets, capsules, gel capsules, liquid syrups, soft gels and suppositories. The compositions of the present invention may also be formulated as suspensions in aqueous, non-aqueous or mixed media. Aqueous suspensions may further contain substances which increase the viscosity of the suspension including, for example, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sorbitol and/or dextran. The suspension may also contain stabilizers. The compounds of the invention may also be conjugated to active drug substances, for example, aspirin, ibuprofen, a sulfa drug, an antidiabetic, an antibacterial or an antibiotic.

In another embodiment, compositions of the invention may contain one or more oligonucleotide compounds, targeted to a first microRNA and one or more additional oligonucleotide compounds targeted to a second microRNA target. Two or more combined compounds may be used together or sequentially.

The compounds disclosed herein are useful for a number of therapeutic applications as indicated above. In general, therapeutic methods of the invention include administration of a therapeutically effective amount of an oligonucleotide to a mammal, particularly a human. In a certain embodiment, the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions containing (a) one or more compounds of the invention, and (b) one or more chemotherapeutic agents. When used with the compounds of the invention, such chemotherapeutic agents may be used individually, sequentially, or in combination with one or more other such chemotherapeutic agents or in combination with radiotherapy. All chemotherapeutic agents known to a person skilled in the art are here incorporated as combination treatments with compound according to the invention. Other active agents, such as anti-inflammatory drugs, including but not limited to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids, antiviral drugs, and immuno-modulating drugs may also be combined in compositions of the invention. Two or more combined compounds may be used together or sequentially.

Examples of therapeutic indications which may be treated by the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention:

microRNA Possible medical indications miR-1 Cardiac arythmia miR-21 Glioblastoma, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, sensitization of gliomas to cytotoxic drugs, cardiac hypertrophy miR-21, miR-200b Response to chemotherapy and regulation of and miR-141 cholangiocarcinoma growth miR-122 hypercholesterolemia, hepatitis C infection, hemochromatosis miR-19b lymphoma and other tumour types miR-26a Osteoblast differentiation of human stem cells miR-155 lymphoma, pancreatic tumor development, breast and lung cancer miR-203 Psoriasis miR-375 diabetes, metabolic disorders, glucose- induced insulin secretion from pancreatic endocrine cells miR-181 myoblast differentiation, auto immune disorders miR-10b Breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis miR-125b-1 Breast, lung, ovarian and cervical cancer miR-221 and 222 Prostate carcinoma, human thyroid papillary car, human hepatocellular carcinoma miRNA-372 and -373 testicular germ cell tumors. miR-142 B-cell leukemia miR-17-19b B-cell lymphomas, lung cancer, hepatocellular cluster carcinoma

Tumor suppressor gene tropomysin 1 (TPM1) mRNA has been indicated as a target of miR-21. Myotrophin (mtpn) mRNA has been indicated as a target of miR 375.

In an even further aspect, the present invention relates to the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease selected from the group consisting of: atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia; cancer, glioblastoma, breast cancer, lymphoma, lung cancer; diabetes, metabolic disorders; myoblast differentiation; immune disorders.

The invention further refers to oligonucleotides according to the invention for the use in the treatment of from a disease selected from the group consisting of: atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia; cancer, glioblastoma, breast cancer, lymphoma, lung cancer; diabetes, metabolic disorders; myoblast differentiation; immune disorders.

The invention provides for a method of treating a subject suffering from a disease or condition selected from from the group consisting of: atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia; cancer, glioblastoma, breast cancer, lymphoma, lung cancer; diabetes, metabolic disorders; myoblast differentiation; immune disorders, the method comprising the step of administering an oligonucleotide or pharmaceutical composition of the invention to the subject in need thereof.

The invention further provides for a kit comprising a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention, and a second independent active ingredient that is an inhibitor of the VLDL assembly pathway, such as an ApoB inhibitor, or an MTP inhibitor.

Cancer

In an even further aspect, the present invention relates to the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer. In another aspect, the present invention concerns a method for treatment of, or prophylaxis against, cancer, said method comprising administering an oligonucleotide of the invention or a pharmaceutical composition of the invention to a patient in need thereof.

Such cancers may include lymphoreticular neoplasia, lymphoblastic leukemia, brain tumors, gastric tumors, plasmacytomas, multiple myeloma, leukemia, connective tissue tumors, lymphomas, and solid tumors.

In the use of a compound of the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer, said cancer may suitably be in the form of a solid tumor. Analogously, in the method for treating cancer disclosed herein said cancer may suitably be in the form of a solid tumor.

Furthermore, said cancer is also suitably a carcinoma. The carcinoma is typically selected from the group consisting of malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, breast carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, bladder carcinoma, recurrent superficial bladder cancer, stomach carcinoma, prostatic carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, lung carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, cervical dysplasia, laryngeal papillomatosis, colon carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma and carcinoid tumors. More typically, said carcinoma is selected from the group consisting of malignant melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. The malignant melanoma is typically selected from the group consisting of superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, lentigo maligna melanoma, acral melagnoma, amelanotic melanoma and desmoplastic melanoma.

Alternatively, the cancer may suitably be a sarcoma. The sarcoma is typically in the form selected from the group consisting of osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, fibrosarcoma and Kaposi's sarcoma.

Alternatively, the cancer may suitably be a glioma.

A further embodiment is directed to the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer, wherein said medicament further comprises a chemotherapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of adrenocorticosteroids, such as prednisone, dexamethasone or decadron; altretamine (hexalen, hexamethylmelamine (HMM)); amifostine (ethyol); aminoglutethimide (cytadren); amsacrine (M-AMSA); anastrozole (anmidex); androgens, such as testosterone; asparaginase (elspar); bacillus calmette-gurin; bicalutamide (casodex); bleomycin (blenoxane); busulfan (myleran); carboplatin (paraplatin); carmustine (BCNU, BiCNU); chlorambucil (leukeran); chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CDA, cladribine, leustatin); cisplatin (platinol); cytosine arabinoside (cytarabine); dacarbazine (DTIC); dactinomycin (actinomycin-D, cosmegen); daunorubicin (cerubidine); docetaxel (taxotere); doxorubicin (adriomycin); epirubicin; estramustine (emcyt); estrogens, such as diethylstilbestrol (DES); etopside (VP-16, VePesid, etopophos); fludarabine (fludara); flutamide (eulexin); 5-FUDR (floxuridine); 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); gemcitabine (gemzar); goserelin (zodalex); herceptin (trastuzumab); hydroxyurea (hydrea); idarubicin (idamycin); ifosfamide; IL-2 (proleukin, aldesleukin); interferon alpha (intron A, roferon A); irinotecan (camptosar); leuprolide (lupron); levamisole (ergamisole); lomustine (CCNU); mechlorathamine (mustargen, nitrogen mustard); melphalan (alkeran); mercaptopurine (purinethol, 6-MP); methotrexate (mexate); mitomycin-C (mutamucin); mitoxantrone (novantrone); octreotide (sandostatin); pentostatin (2-deoxycoformycin, nipent); plicamycin (mithramycin, mithracin); prorocarbazine (matulane); streptozocin; tamoxifin (nolvadex); taxol (paclitaxel); teniposide (vumon, VM-26); thiotepa; topotecan (hycamtin); tretinoin (vesanoid, all-trans retinoic acid); vinblastine (valban); vincristine (oncovin) and vinorelbine (navelbine). Suitably, the further chemotherapeutic agent is selected from taxanes such as Taxol, Paclitaxel or Docetaxel.

Similarly, the invention is further directed to the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer, wherein said treatment further comprises the administration of a further chemotherapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of adrenocorticosteroids, such as prednisone, dexamethasone or decadron; altretamine (hexalen, hexamethylmelamine (HMM)); amifostine (ethyol); aminoglutethimide (cytadren); amsacrine (M-AMSA); anastrozole (arimidex); androgens, such as testosterone; asparaginase (elspar); bacillus calmette-gurin; bicalutamide (casodex); bleomycin (blenoxane); busulfan (myleran); carboplatin (paraplatin); carmustine (BCNU, BiCNU); chlorambucil (leukeran); chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CDA, cladribine, leustatin); cisplatin (platinol); cytosine arabinoside (cytarabine); dacarbazine (DTIC); dactinomycin (actinomycin-D, cosmegen); daunorubicin (cerubidine); docetaxel (taxotere); doxorubicin (adriomycin); epirubicin; estramustine (emcyt); estrogens, such as diethylstilbestrol (DES); etopside (VP-16, VePesid, etopophos); fludarabine (fludara); flutamide (eulexin); 5-FUDR (floxuridine); 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); gemcitabine (gemzar); goserelin (zodalex); herceptin (trastuzumab); hydroxyurea (hydrea); idarubicin (idamycin); ifosfamide; IL-2 (proleukin, aldesleukin); interferon alpha (intron A, roferon A); irinotecan (camptosar); leuprolide (lupron); levamisole (ergamisole); lomustine (CCNU); mechlorathamine (mustargen, nitrogen mustard); melphalan (alkeran); mercaptopurine (purinethol, 6-MP); methotrexate (mexate); mitomycin-C (mutamucin); mitoxantrone (novantrone); octreotide (sandostatin); pentostatin (2-deoxycoformycin, nipent); plicamycin (mithramycin, mithracin); prorocarbazine (matulane); streptozocin; tamoxifin (nolvadex); taxol (paclitaxel); teniposide (vumon, VM-26); thiotepa; topotecan (hycamtin); tretinoin (vesanoid, all-trans retinoic acid); vinblastine (valban); vincristine (oncovin) and vinorelbine (navelbine). Suitably, said treatment further comprises the administration of a further chemotherapeutic agent selected from taxanes, such as Taxol, Paclitaxel or Docetaxel.

Alternatively stated, the invention is furthermore directed to a method for treating cancer, said method comprising administering an oligonucleotide of the invention or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention to a patient in need thereof and further comprising the administration of a further chemotherapeutic agent. Said further administration may be such that the further chemotherapeutic agent is conjugated to the compound of the invention, is present in the pharmaceutical composition, or is administered in a separate formulation.

Infectious Diseases

It is contemplated that the compounds of the invention may be broadly applicable to a broad range of infectious diseases, such as diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hemophilus influenza, measles, mumps, and rubella.

Hsa-miR122 is indicated in hepatitis C infection and as such oligonucleotides according to the invention which target miR-122 may be used to treat Hepatitus C infection.

Accordingly, in yet another aspect the present invention relates the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of an infectious disease, as well as to a method for treating an infectious disease, said method comprising administering an oligonucleotide according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention to a patient in need thereof.

In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides for a combination treatment providing an anti miR-122 oligomer in combination with an inhibitor of VLDL assembly, such as an inhibitor of apoB, or of MTP.

Inflammatory Diseases

The inflammatory response is an essential mechanism of defense of the organism against the attack of infectious agents, and it is also implicated in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic diseases, including autoimmune disorders. In spite of being needed to fight pathogens, the effects of an inflammatory burst can be devastating. It is therefore often necessary to restrict the symptomatology of inflammation with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs. Inflammation is a complex process normally triggered by tissue injury that includes activation of a large array of enzymes, the increase in vascular permeability and extravasation of blood fluids, cell migration and release of chemical mediators, all aimed to both destroy and repair the injured tissue.

In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of an inflammatory disease, as well as to a method for treating an inflammatory disease, said method comprising administering an oligonucleotide according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention to a patient in need thereof.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the inflammatory disease is a rheumatic disease and/or a connective tissue diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) or Lupus, scleroderma, polymyositis, inflammatory bowel disease, dermatomyositis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, vasculitis, psoriatic arthritis, exfoliative psoriatic dermatitis, pemphigus vulgaris and Sjorgren's syndrome, in particular inflammatory bowel disease and Crohn's disease.

Alternatively, the inflammatory disease may be a non-rheumatic inflammation, like bursitis, synovitis, capsulitis, tendinitis and/or other inflammatory lesions of traumatic and/or sportive origin.

Metabolic Diseases

A metabolic disease is a disorder caused by the accumulation of chemicals produced naturally in the body. These diseases are usually serious, some even life threatening. Others may slow physical development or cause mental retardation. Most infants with these disorders, at first, show no obvious signs of disease. Proper screening at birth can often discover these problems. With early diagnosis and treatment, metabolic diseases can often be managed effectively.

In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention or a conjugate thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a metabolic disease, as well as to a method for treating a metabolic disease, said method comprising administering an oligonucleotide according to the invention or a conjugate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention to a patient in need thereof.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the metabolic disease is selected from the group consisting of Amyloidosis, Biotinidase, OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), Crigler Najjar Syndrome, Diabetes, Fabry Support & Information Group, Fatty acid Oxidation Disorders, Galactosemia, Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, Glutaric aciduria, International Organization of Glutaric Acidemia, Glutaric Acidemia Type I, Glutaric Acidemia, Type II, Glutaric Acidemia Type I, Glutaric Acidemia Type-II, F-HYPDRR—Familial Hypophosphatemia, Vitamin D Resistant Rickets, Krabbe Disease, Long chain 3 hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHAD), Mannosidosis Group, Maple Syrup Urine Disease, Mitochondrial disorders, Mucopolysaccharidosis Syndromes: Niemann Pick, Organic acidemias, PKU, Pompe disease, Porphyria, Metabolic Syndrome, Hyperlipidemia and inherited lipid disorders, Trimethylaminuria: the fish malodor syndrome, and Urea cycle disorders.

Liver Disorders

In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of an oligonucleotide according to the invention or a conjugate thereof for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a liver disorder, as well as to a method for treating a liver disorder, said method comprising administering an oligonucleotide according to the invention or a conjugate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention to a patient in need thereof.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the liver disorder is selected from the group consisting of Biliary Atresia, Alagille Syndrome, Alpha-1 Antitrypsin, Tyrosinemia, Neonatal Hepatitis, and Wilson Disease.

Other Uses

The oligonucleotides of the present invention can be utilized for as research reagents for diagnostics, therapeutics and prophylaxis. In research, the oligonucleotide may be used to specifically inhibit the synthesis of target genes in cells and experimental animals thereby facilitating functional analysis of the target or an appraisal of its usefulness as a target for therapeutic intervention. In diagnostics the oligonucleotides may be used to detect and quantitate target expression in cell and tissues by Northern blotting, in-situ hybridisation or similar techniques. For therapeutics, an animal or a human, suspected of having a disease or disorder, which can be treated by modulating the expression of target is treated by administering the oligonucleotide compounds in accordance with this invention. Further provided are methods of treating an animal particular mouse and rat and treating a human, suspected of having or being prone to a disease or condition, associated with expression of target by administering a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of one or more of the oligonucleotide compounds or compositions of the invention.

Therapeutic Use of Oligonucleotdes Targeting miR-122a

We have demonstrated that a LNA-antimiR, targeting miR-122a reduces plasma cholesterol levels. Therefore, another aspect of the invention is use of the above described oligonucleotides targeting miR-122a as medicine.

Still another aspect of the invention is use of the above described oligonucleotides targeting miR-122a for the preparation of a medicament for treatment of increased plasma cholesterol levels (or hypercholesterolemia and related disorders). The skilled man will appreciate that increased plasma cholesterol levels is undesireable as it increases the risk of various conditions, e.g. atherosclerosis.

Still another aspect of the invention is use of the above described oligonucleotides targeting miR-122a for upregulating the mRNA levels of Nrdg3, Aldo A, Bckdk or CD320.

EMBODIMENTS

The following embodiments of the present invention may be used in combination with the other embodiments described herein.

1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligomer of between 6-12 nucleotides in length, wherein said oligomer comprises a contiguous nucleotide sequence of a total of between 6-12 nucleotides, such as 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 nucleotide units, wherein at least 50% of the nucleobase units of the oligomer are high affinity nucleotide analogue units, and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier, salt or adjuvant. 2. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to a corresponding region of a mammalian, human or viral microRNA (miRNA) sequence. 3. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 2, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to a corresponding region of a miRNA sequence selected from the group of miRNAs listed in any one of tables 3, 4 or 5. 4. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 2 or 3, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of or comprises a sequence which is complementary to the seed sequence of said microRNA. 5. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 2-4, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists of or comprises a sequence selected from any one of the sequences listed in table 3 or 4. 6. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 4 or 5, wherein the 3′ nucleobase of the seedmer forms the 3′ most nucleobase of the contiguous nucleotide sequence, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence may, optionally, comprise one or two further 5′ nucleobases. 7. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-6, wherein said contiguous nucleotide sequence does not comprise a nucleotide which corresponds to the first nucleotide present in the micro RNA sequence counted from the 5′ end. 8. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-7, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to a corresponding nucleotide sequence present in a miRNA selected from those shown in table 3 or 4 or 5. 9. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 8, wherein said miRNA is selected from the group consisting of miR-1, miR-10b, miR-17-3p, miR-18, miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-20, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-93, miR-106a, miR-106b, miR-122, miR-133, miR-134, miR-138, miR-155, miR-192, miR-194, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-375. 10. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein at least 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or all of the nucleobase units of the contiguous nucleotide sequence are nucleotide analogue units. 11. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 10, wherein the nucleotide analogue units are selected from the group consisting of 2′-O_alkyl-RNA unit, 2′-OMe-RNA unit, 2′-amino-DNA unit, 2′-fluoro-DNA unit, LNA unit, PNA unit, HNA unit, INA unit, and a 2′MOE RNA unit. 12. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 10 or 11, wherein at least 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or all of the nucleobase units of the contiguous nucleotide sequence are Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) nucleobase units. 13. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 12, wherein all of the nucleobase units of the contiguous nucleotide sequence are LNA nucleobase units. 14. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-13, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence comprises or consists of 7, 8, 9 or 10, preferably contiguous, LNA nucleobase units. 15. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-14, wherein the oligomer consist of 7, 8, 9 or 10 contiguous nucleobase units and wherein at least 7 nucleobase units are nucleotide analogue units. 16. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 15, wherein the nucleotide analogue units are Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) nucleobase units. 17. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 15, wherein the nucleotide analogue units in the molecule consists of a mixture of at least 50% LNA units and up to 50% other nucleotide analogue units. 18. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-17, wherein at least 75%, such as 80% or 85% or 90% or 95% or all of the internucleoside linkages present between the nucleobase units of the contiguous nucleotide sequence are phosphorothioate internucleoside linkages. 19. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-18, wherein said oligomer is conjugated with one or more non-nucleobase compounds. 20. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-19, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to the corresponding sequence of at least two miRNA sequences such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 miRNA sequences. 21. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-20, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists or comprises of a sequence which is complementary to the sequence of at least two miRNA seed region sequences such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 miRNA seed region sequences. 22. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 20 or 21, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to the corresponding region of both miR-221 and miR-222. 23. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 22, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence consists or comprises of a sequence that is complementary to 5′GCUACAU3′. 24. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-23, wherein the oligomer is constituted as a prodrug. 25. The pharmaceutical composition according to any one of embodiments 1-24, wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence is complementary to a corresponding region of has-miR-122. 26. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 25, for use in the treatment of a medical disorder or disease selected from the group consisting of: hepatitis C virus infection and hypercholesterolemia and related disorders. 27. The pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 25 or 26, wherein the composition further comprises a second independent active ingredient that is an inhibitor of the VLDL assembly pathway, such as an ApoB inhibitor, or an MTP inhibitor. 28. A kit comprising a pharmaceutical composition according to embodiment 25 or 26, and a second independent active ingredient that is an inhibitor of the VLDL assembly pathway, such as an ApoB inhibitor, or an MTP inhibitor. 29. A method for the treatment of a disease or medical disorder associated with the presence or overexpression of a microRNA, comprising the step of administering a the pharmaceutical composition) according to any one of embodiments 1-28 to a patient who is suffering from, or is likely to siffer from said disease or medical disorder. 30. An oligomer, as defined according to anyone of embodiments 1-25. 31. A conjugate comprising the oligomer according to embodiment 30, and at least one non-nucleobase compounds. 32. The use of an oligomer or a conjugate as defined in any one of embodiments 30-31, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease or medical disorder associated with the presence or over-expression of the microRNA. 33. A method for reducing the amount, or effective amount, of a miRNA in a cell, comprising administering an oligomer, a conjugate or a pharmaceutical composition, according to any one of the preceeding embodiments to the cell which is expressing said miRNA so as to reduce the amount, or effective amount of the miRNA in the cell. 34. A method for de-repression of a mRNA whose expression is repressed by a miRNA in a cell comprising administering an oligomer, a conjugate or a pharmaceutical composition, according to any one of the preceeding embodiments to the cell to the cell which expressed both said mRNA and said miRNA, in order to de-repress the expression of the mRNA. References: Details of the reference are provided in the priority documents.

EXAMPLES

LNA Monomer and oligonucleotide synthesis were performed using the methodology referred to in Examples 1 and 2 of WO2007/112754. The stability of LNA oligonucletides in human or rat plasma is performed using the methodology referred to in Example 4 of WO2007/112754. The treatment of in vitro cells with LNA anti-miR antisense oligonucleotide (targeting miR-122) is performed using the methodology referred to in Example 6 of WO2007/112754. The analysis of Oligonucleotide Inhibition of miR expression by microRNA specific quantitative PCR in both an in vitro and in vivo model is performed using the methodology referred to in Example 7 of WO2007/112754. The assessment of LNA antimir knock-down specificity using miRNA microarray expression profiling is performed using the methodology referred to in Example 8 of WO2007/112754. The detection of microRNAs by in situ hybridization is performed using the methodology referred to in Example 9 of WO2007/112754. The Isolation and analysis of mRNA expression (total RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis for mRNA analysis) in both an in vitro and in vivo model is performed using the methodology referred to in Example 10 of WO2007/112754. In vivo Experiments using Oligomers of the invention targeting microRNA-122. and subsequent analysis are performed using the methods disclosed in Examples 11-27 of WO2007/112754. The above mentioned examples of WO2007/112754 are hereby specifically incorporated by reference.

Example 1: Design of the LNA antimiR Oligonucleotides and Melting Temperatures

TABLE 2 Oligomers used in the examples and figures. The SEQ# is an identifier used throughout the examples and figures-the SEQ ID NO which is used in the sequence listing is also provided. Example/Figure SEQ ID SEQ # NO Compound Sequence Comment #3204   1 TcAGtCTGaTaAgCT #3205   2 GATAAGCT #3206   3 TcAcAATtaGCAtTA #3207   4 TAGCATTA #4   5 CcAttGTcaCaCtCC #3208   6 CACACTCC #3209   7 TAAGCT #3210   8 ATAAGCT #3211   9 TGATAAGCT #3212  10 CTGATAAGCT #3213  11 GTCTGATAAGCT #2114  12 CAGTCTGATAAGCT #3215  13 TCTGATAA #3216  14 ATCAGTCT #3217  15 TCAACATC #3218/#3230  16 GGTAAACT Underline = mismatch #3219  17 CGTAATGA Underline = mismatch #3220  18 TCAgtctgataaGCTa 5′ fluorescent label (FAM) #3221  19 AGCACTTT #3222  20 ATTTGCAC #3223  21 AgCagACaaTgTaGC 5′ fluorescent label (FAM) #3224  22 GtAgcCAgaTgTaGC 5′ fluorescent label (FAM) #3225  23 ATGTAGC #3226  24 ACaAcCTacTaCcTC #3227  25 ACTACCTC #3228  26 CaCtgTCagCaCtTT #3229  27 TgCatAGatTtGcAC #3231  28 GTAGACT #3232  29 TACCTC #3233  30 CTACCTC #3234  31 TNCTACCTC N = universal base. #3235  32 TNCTACCTC N = universal base. #3236  33 GCaAcCTacTaCcTC #3237  34 ACaAcCTccTaCcTC #3238  35 ACaAaCTacTaCcTC #3239  36 CTACCTC #3240  37 CTAACTC #3241  38 TTAGCATTA #3242  39 CGATTAGCATTA #3243 977 CACGATTAGCATTA #3244 978 GCATTA #3245 979 AGCATTA #3246 980 ATTAGCATTA Capital and lower case letters denote LNA and DNA, respectively. LNA cytosines are preferably methyl cytosine/5′methyl-cytosine* All internucleoside linkages are preferably phosphorothioate* All LNA may, for example, be beta-D-oxy LNA* *Used in the specific examples.

Example 2: In Vitro Model: Cell Culture

The effect of LNA oligonucleotides on target nucleic acid expression (amount) can be tested in any of a variety of cell types provided that the target nucleic acid is present at measurable levels. Target can be expressed endogenously or by transient or stable transfection of a nucleic acid encoding said nucleic acid.

The expression level of target nucleic acid can be routinely determined using, for example, Northern blot analysis (including microRNA northern), Quantitative PCR (including microRNA qPCR), Ribonuclease protection assays. The following cell types are provided for illustrative purposes, but other cell types can be routinely used, provided that the target is expressed in the cell type chosen.

Cells were cultured in the appropriate medium as described below and maintained at 37° C. at 95-98% humidity and 5% CO₂. Cells were routinely passaged 2-3 times weekly.

15PC3: The human prostate cancer cell line 15PC3 was kindly donated by Dr. F. Baas, Neurozintuigen Laboratory, AMC, The Netherlands and was cultured in DMEM (Sigma)+10% fetal bovine serum (FBS)+Glutamax I+gentamicin. PC3 The human prostate cancer cell line PC3 was purchased from ATCC and was cultured in F12 Coon's with glutamine (Gibco)+10% FBS+gentamicin. 518A2: The human melanoma cancer cell line 518A2 was kindly donated by Dr. B. Jansen, Section of experimental Oncology, Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Vienna and was cultured in DMEM (Sigma)+10% fetal bovine serum (FBS)+Glutamax I+gentamicin. HeLa: The cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa was cultured in MEM (Sigma) containing 10% fetal bovine serum gentamicin at 37° C., 95% humidity and 5% CO₂. MPC-11: The murine multiple myeloma cell line MPC-11 was purchased from ATCC and maintained in DMEM with 4 mM Glutamax+10% Horse Serum. DU-145: The human prostate cancer cell line DU-145 was purchased from ATCC and maintained in RPMI with Glutamax+10% FBS. RCC-4+/−VHL: The human renal cancer cell line RCC4 stably transfected with plasmid expressing VHL or empty plasmid was purchased from ECACC and maintained according to manufacturers instructions. 786-0: The human renal cell carcinoma cell line 786-0 was purchased from ATCC and maintained according to manufacturers instructions HUVEC: The human umbilical vein endothelial cell line HUVEC was purchased from Camcrex and maintained in EGM-2 medium. K562: The human chronic myelogenous leukaemia cell line K562 was purchased from ECACC and maintained in RPMI with Glutamax+10% FBS. U87MG: The human glioblastoma cell line U87MG was purchased from ATCC and maintained according to the manufacturers instructions. B16: The murine melanoma cell line B16 was purchased from ATCC and maintained according to the manufacturers instructions. LNCap: The human prostate cancer cell line LNCap was purchased from ATCC and maintained in RPMI with Glutamax+10% FBS Huh-7: Human liver, epithelial like cultivated in Eagles MEM with 10% FBS, 2 mM Glutamax I, 1× non-essential amino acids, Gentamicin 25 μg/ml L428: (Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen (DSM, Braunschwieg, Germany)): Human B cell lymphoma maintained in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FCS, L-glutamine and antibiotics. L1236: (Deutsche Sammlung für Mikroorganismen (DSM, Braunschwieg, Germany)): Human B cell lymphoma maintained in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FCS, L-glutamine and antibiotics.

Example 3: Design of a LNA antimiR Library for all Human microRNA Sequences in miRBase microRNA Database

The miRBase version used was version 12, as reported in Griffiths-Jones, S., Grocock, R. J., van Dongen, S., Bateman, A., Enright, A. J. 2006. miRBase: microRNA sequences, targets and gene nomenclature. Nucleic Acids Res. 34: D140-4, and available via http://microma.sanger.ac.uk/sequences/index.shtml.

Table 1 shows 7, 8 and 9mer nucleotide sequences comprising the seedmer sequence of micro RNA's according to the miRBase micro RNA database. The seedmer sequence comprises the reverse complement of the microRNA seed region. In some embodiments the oligomer of the invention has a contiguous nucleotide sequence selected from the 7mer, 8mer or 9mer sequences. With respect to the 7mer, 8mer and 9mer sequences, in some embodiments, all the internucleoside linkages are phosphorothioate. The 7mer, 8mer and 9mer nucleotide sequences may consist of sequence of nucleotide analogues as described herein, such as LNA nucleotide analogues. LNA cytosines may be methyl-cytosine (5′methyl-cytosine). In some embodiments, the LNA is beta-D-oxy-LNA.

Table 3 provides a list of microRNAs grouped into those which can be targeted by the same seedmer oligomers, such as the 7, 8 or 9mers provided herein (see table 1).

TABLE 3 hsa-let-7a*, hsa-let-7f-1* hsa-let-7a, hsa-let-7b, hsa-let-7c, hsa-let-7d, hsa-let-7f, hsa-miR-98, hsa-let-7g, hsa-let-7i hsa-miR-1, hsa-miR-206 hsa-miR-103, hsa-miR-107 hsa-miR-10a, hsa-miR-10b hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-125a-5p hsa-miR-129*, hsa-miR-129-3p hsa-miR-130a, hsa-miR-301a, hsa-miR-130b, hsa-miR-454, hsa-miR-301b hsa-miR-133a, hsa-miR-133b hsa-miR-135a, hsa-miR-135b hsa-miR-141, hsa-miR-200a hsa-miR-146a, hsa-miR-146b-5p hsa-miR-152, hsa-miR-148b hsa-miR-154*, hsa-miR-487a hsa-miR-15a, hsa-miR-16, hsa-miR-15b, hsa-miR-195, hsa-miR-497 hsa-miR-17, hsa-miR-20a, hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-106a, hsa-miR-106b, hsa-miR-20b, hsa-miR-526b* hsa-miR-181a, hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-181b, hsa-miR-181d hsa-miR-18a, hsa-miR-18b hsa-miR-190, hsa-miR-190b hsa-miR-192, hsa-miR-215 hsa-miR-196a, hsa-miR-196b hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-199b-3p hsa-miR-199a-5p, hsa-miR-199b-5p hsa-miR-19a*, hsa-miR-19b-1*, hsa-miR-19b-2* hsa-miR-19a, hsa-miR-19b hsa-miR-200b, hsa-miR-200c hsa-miR-204, hsa-miR-211 hsa-miR-208a, hsa-miR-208b hsa-miR-212, hsa-miR-132 hsa-miR-23a*, hsa-miR-23b* hsa-miR-23a, hsa-miR-23b, hsa-miR-130a* hsa-miR-24-1*, hsa-miR-24-2* hsa-miR-25, hsa-miR-92a, hsa-miR-367, hsa-miR-92b hsa-miR-26a, hsa-miR-26b hsa-miR-26a-1*, hsa-miR-26a-2* hsa-miR-27a, hsa-miR-27b hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-29b, hsa-miR-29c hsa-miR-302a, hsa-miR-302b, hsa-miR-302c, hsa-miR-302d, hsa-miR-373, hsa-miR-520e, hsa-miR-520a-3p, hsa-miR-520b, hsa-miR-520c-3p, hsa-miR-520d-3p hsa-miR-302b*, hsa-miR-302d* hsa-miR-30a*, hsa-miR-30d*, hsa-miR-30e* hsa-miR-30a, hsa-miR-30c, hsa-miR-30d, hsa-miR-30b, hsa-miR-30e hsa-miR-330-5p, hsa-miR-326 hsa-miR-34a, hsa-miR-34c-5p, hsa-miR-449a, hsa-miR-449b hsa-miR-362-3p, hsa-miR-329 hsa-miR-374a, hsa-miR-374b hsa-miR-376a, hsa-miR-376b hsa-miR-378, hsa-miR-422a hsa-miR-379*, hsa-miR-411* hsa-miR-381, hsa-miR-300 hsa-miR-509-5p, hsa-miR-509-3-5p hsa-miR-515-5p, hsa-miR-519e* hsa-miR-516b*, hsa-miR-516a-3p hsa-miR-517a, hsa-miR-517c hsa-miR-518a-5p, hsa-miR-527 hsa-miR-518f, hsa-miR-518b, hsa-miR-518c, hsa-miR-518a-3p, hsa-miR-518d-3p hsa-miR-519c-3p, hsa-miR-519b-3p, hsa-miR-519a hsa-miR-519c-5p, hsa-miR-519b-5p, hsa-miR-523*, hsa-miR-518f*, hsa-miR-526a, hsa-miR-520c-5p, hsa-miR-518e*, hsa-miR-518d-5p, hsa-miR-522*, hsa-miR-519a* hsa-miR-519e, hsa-miR-33b* hsa-miR-520a-5p, hsa-miR-525-5p hsa-miR-520g, hsa-miR-520h hsa-miR-524-5p, hsa-miR-520d-5p hsa-miR-525-3p, hsa-miR-524-3p hsa-miR-548b-5p, hsa-miR-548a-5p, hsa-miR-548c-5p, hsa-miR-548d-5p hsa-miR-7-1*, hsa-miR-7-2* hsa-miR-99a, hsa-miR-100, hsa-miR-99b

We have constructed an 8-mer LNA-antimiR against miR-21, miR-155 and miR-122 (designated here as micromiR) that is fully LNA modified and phosphorothiolated (see FIG. 1 and Table 6). Our results from repeated experiments in MCF-7, HeLa, Raw and Huh-7 cells using a luciferase sensor plasmid for miR-21, miR-155 and miR-122 demonstrate that the fully LNA-modified short LNA-antimiRs are highly potent in antagonizing microRNAs.

TABLE 4 LNA_antimiR & MicromiR sequences and predicted T_(m)s SEQ ID # microRNA sequence T_(m) (° C.) 3204 miR-21 TcAGtCTGaTaAgCT 73 3205 GATAAGCT 33 3206 miR-155 TcAcAATtaGCAtTA 63 3207 TAGCATTA 45    4 miR-122 CcAttGTcaCaCtCC 73 3208 CACACTCC 62 Capital letters are LNA units, such as beta-D-oxy LNA. Lower case letters are DNA units. Internucleoside linkages are preferably phosphorothioate. LNA cytosines are all preferably methylated/5-methyl cytosine.

The melting temperatures can be assessed towards the mature microRNA sequence, using a synthetic microRNA oligonucleotide (typically consisting of RNA nucleotides with a phosphodiester backbone). Typically measured T_(m)s are higher than predicted T_(m)s when using LNA oligomers against the RNA target.

Example 4: Assessment of miR-21 Antagonism by SEQ ID #3205 LNA-antimiR in MCF-7 Cells Using a Luciferase Sensor Assay

In order to assess the efficiency of a fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205) oligonucleotide in targeting and antagonizing miR-21, luciferase sensor constructs were made containing a perfect match target site for the mature miR-21 and as control, a target site with two mutations in the seed (FIG. 6). In order to monitor microRNA-21 inhibition, the breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 was transfected with the different luciferase constructs together with the miR-21 antagonist SEQ ID #3205 at varying concentrations in comparison with a 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3204 against miR-21. After 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured.

Results: As seen in FIG. 2, the new fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205) shows two-fold higher potency compared to SEQ ID #3204, as shown by de-repression of the luciferase activity. By contrast, the control miR-21 sensor construct with two mismatches in the miR-21 seed did not show any de-repression of the firefly luciferase activity, thereby demonstrating the specificity of the perfect match miR-21 sensor in monitoring miR-21 activity in cells. The de-repression of luciferase activity by the 8-mer LNA-antimiR is clearly dose-dependent, which is not seen with SEQ ID #3204. Moreover, the new 8-mer is also much more potent at lower doses than SEQ ID #3204.

To conclude, the 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205) shows significantly improved potency in inhibition of miR-21 in vitro compared to the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3204 targeting miR-21.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 was purchased from ATCC (#HTB-22M). MCF-7 cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 400.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, MCF-7 cells were transfected with 0.8 ug miR-21 perfect match/psiCHECK2, miR-21.mm2/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector (SDS Promega) together with 1 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and harvested with cell scraper, after which cells were centrifugated for 5 min at 10.000 rpm. The supernatant was discarded and 50 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to the cell pellet, after which cells were put on ice for 30 min. The lysed cells were spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 20 μl were transferred to a 96 well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 5: Assessment of miR-21 Antagonism by SEQ ID #3205 LNA-antimiR in HeLa Cells Using a Luciferase Sensor Assay

To further assess the efficiency of the fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3205 in targeting miR-21, the cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was also transfected with the previously described miR-21 luciferase sensor constructs alongside SEQ ID #3205 at varying concentrations as described in the above section (FIG. 3).

Results: The SEQ ID #3205 shows complete de-repression of the miR-21 luciferase sensor construct in HeLa cells already at 5 nM compared to SEQ ID #3204, which did not show complete de-repression until the highest dose (50 nM). In addition, antagonism of miR-21 by the 8-mer SEQ ID #3205 LNA-antimiR is dose-dependent. To demonstrate the specificity of the miR-21 luciferase sensor assay, a mismatched miR-21 target site (2 mismatches in seed) was also transfected into HeLa cells, but did not show any de-repression of the firefly luciferase activity.

To conclude, the fully LNA-modified SEQ ID #3205 shows significantly improved potency in inhibition of miR-21 in vitro, in both MCF-7 and HeLa cells compared to the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3204.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 60.000 cells were seeded per well in a 24 well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 0.2 ug miR-21 perfect match/psiCHECK2, miR-21.mm2/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 0.7 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 100 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 24 well plates was put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. The cells were collected and transferred to an eppendorf tube and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 10 μl were transferred to a 96 well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 6: Assessment of miR-155 Antagonism by SEQ ID #3207 LNA-antimiR in Mouse RAW Cells Using a Luciferase Sensor Assay

To ask whether a fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR can effectively antagonize miR-155, a perfect match target site for miR-155 was cloned into the same luciferase vector (psiCHECK2) and transfected into the mouse leukaemic monocyte macrophage RAW cell line. Because the endogenous levels of miR-155 are low in the RAW cell line, the cells were treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 24 hours in order to induce miR-155 accumulation.

Results: Luciferase measurements showed that the fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3207 targeting miR-155 was similarly effective in antagonizing miR-155 compared to the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3206 (FIG. 4). Both LNA-antimirs showed a >50% de-repression of the miR-155 luciferase sensor at 0.25 nM concentration and inhibited miR-155 in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion: These data further support the results from antagonizing miR-21, as shown in examples 1 and 2, demonstrating that a fully thiolated 8-mer LNA-antimiR is highly potent in microRNA targeting.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The mouse leukaemic monocyte macrophage RAW 264.7 was purchased from ATCC (TIB-71). RAW cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 4 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 500.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6 well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, MCF-7 cells were transfected with 0.3 ug miR-155 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 10 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. In order to induce miR-155 accumulation, LPS (100 ng/ml) was added to the RAW cells after the 4 hour incubation with the transfection complexes. After another 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and harvested with cell scraper, after which cells were centrifugated for 5 min at 2.500 rpm. The supernatant were discarded and 50 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to the cell pellet, after which cells were put on ice for 30 min. The lysed cells were spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 20 μl were transferred to a 96 well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 7: Assessment of miR-122 Antagonism by SEQ ID #3208 LNA-antimiR in HuH-7 Cells Using a Luciferase Sensor Assay

The potency of the fully modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3208 against miR-122 was assessed in the human hepatoma cell line HuH-7. The HuH-7 cells were transfected with luciferase sensor construct containing a perfect match miR-122 target site. After 24 hours luciferase measurements were performed (FIG. 5).

Results: The fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3208 is more potent than the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #4 at low concentration, as shown by de-repression of the miR-122 luciferase sensor. Both LNA-antimiRs inhibit miR-122 in a dose-dependent manner (FIG. 5).

Conclusion: The fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3208 targeting miR-122 shows improved potency in inhibition of miR-122 in vitro.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human hepatoma cell line HuH-7 was a kind gift from R. Bartenschlager, Heidelberg. Huh-7 cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 8.000 cells were seeded per well in a 96 well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HuH-7 cells were transfected with 57 ng miR-122 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 1 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen). After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Lucierase assay: 50 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 96 well plate was put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. To each well the Dual-luciferase Reporter assay system (Promega) was added and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 8. Assessment of miR-21 Antagonism by Comparing an 8-Mer (SEQ ID #3205) Versus a 15-Mer (SEQ ID #3204) LNA-antimiR in Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells (PC3)

We have previously shown (patent application 1051), that an 8-mer LNA-antimiR that is fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated is able to completely de-repress the miR-21 luciferase reporter levels in the human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa and partly de-repress the miR-21 luciferase reporter levels in the human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7. We next extended this screening approach to the human prostate cancer cell line PC3. To assess the efficiency of the different LNA-antimiR oligonucleotides against miR-21, luciferase reporter constructs were generated in which a perfect match target site for the mature miR-21 and a target site with two mismatches in the seed were cloned in the 3′UTR of Renilla luciferase gene (FIG. 7). In order to monitor miR-21 inhibition, PC3 cells were transfected with the different luciferase constructs together with the miR-21 antagonist SEQ ID #3205 (8-mer) and for comparison with the 15-mer LNA-antimiR perfect match SEQ ID #3204 at varying concentrations. After 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured.

Results: The luciferase reporter experiments showed a dose-dependent de-repression of the luciferase miR-21 reporter activity with the 15-mer LNA-antimiR against miR-21 (SEQ ID #3204). However, complete de-repression of the luciferase reporter was not obtained even at the highest concentrations (FIG. 7). In contrast, the cells that were transfected with the 8-mer fully LNA substituted LNA-antimiR showed complete de-repression already at 1 nM, indicating significantly improved potency compared to the 15-mer LNA-antimiR. The luciferase control reporter harboring a mismatch target site for miR-21 was not affected by either LNA-antimiR, demonstrating high specificity of both LNA-antimiRs.

Conclusion: The micromer is far more potent than the 15-mer LNA-antimiR in targeting miR-21 and has so far shown to be most potent in prostate carcinoma cells.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#90112714). PC3 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 100.000 cells were seeded per well in a 12-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, PC3 cells were transfected with 0.3 μg miR-21 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 1.2 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 250 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to the wells. The plates were placed on a shaker for 30 min., after which the cell lysates were transferred to eppendorf tubes. The cell lysate was centrifugated for 10 min at 2.500 rpm after which 20 μl were transferred to a 96 well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 9. Specificity Assessment of miR-21 Antagonism by an 8-Mer LNA-antimiR

To investigate the specificity of our short LNA-antimiR targeting miR-21, we designed an 8-mer mismatch control LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3218) containing 2 mismatches in the seed recognition sequence (see FIG. 8). The luciferase reporter constructs described in example 1 were transfected into the human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa together with the LNA mismatch control oligo SEQ ID #3218 and its efficacy was compared with the 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205) targeting miR-21. After 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured.

Results: As shown in FIG. 8, transfection of the fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR in HeLa cells resulted in complete de-repression of the luciferase miR-21 reporter already at 5 nM. In contrast, when the cells were transfected with the 8-mer LNA mismatch control oligo, combined with the results obtained with the control miR-21 luciferase reporter having two mismatches in the miR-21 seed, these data demonstrate high specificity of the fully LNA-substituted 8-mer LNA-antimiR in targeting miR-21 in Hela cells.

Analysis of the miRBase microRNA sequence database showed that the miR-21 recognition sequence, of the LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3205 is unique for microRNA-21. However, when decreasing the micromer length to 7 nt, it is not specific for only miR-21, since ath-miR-844, mmu-miR-590-3p and has-miR-590-3p are also targeted.

Conclusion: Exchanging two nucleotide positions within the 8-mer LNA-antimiR with two mismatching nucleotides completely abolished the antagonizing activity of the LNA-antimiR for miR-21.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, Ix NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 60.000 cells were seeded per well in a 24-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 0.2 ug miR-21 perfect match/psiCHECK2, miR-21.mm2/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 0.7 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 100 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 24-well plates were put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. The cells were collected and transferred to an eppendorf tube and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 10 μl were transferred to a 96-well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 10. Assessment of the Shortest Possible Length of a Fully LNA-Modified LNA-antimiR that Mediates Effective Antagonism of miR-21

To further investigate the LNA-antimiR length requirements, we designed a 7-mer and a 6-mer LNA-antimiR targeting miR-21, both fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated oligonucleotides. The miR-21 luciferase reporter constructs were transfected into HeLa cells along with the LNA-antimiRs at varying concentrations. Luciferase measurements were performed after 24 hours.

Results: As seen in FIG. 9, the 7-mer LNA-antimiR mediates de-repression of the miR-21 luciferase reporter plasmid, but at lower potency compared to the 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205). Nevertheless, a dose-dependent trend can still be observed. By contrast, the 6-mer LNA-antimiR did not show any inhibitory activity.

Conclusion: To conclude, the shortest possible length of an LNA-antimiR which is able to mediate miR-21 inhibition is 7 nucleotides. However, the 7-mer LNA-antimiR is less potent compared to the 8-mer LNA-antimiR for miR-21.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 60.000 cells were seeded per well in a 24 well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 0.2 ug miR-21 perfect match/psiCHECK2, miR-21.mm2/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 0.7 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 100 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 24-well plates was put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. The cells were collected and transferred to an eppendorf tube and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 10 μl were transferred to a 96-well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 11. Length Assessment of Fully LNA-Substituted LNA-antimiRs Antagonizing miR-21

Next, we investigated the effect of increasing the length from a 9-mer to a 14-mer fully LNA substituted LNA-antimiRs on antagonizing miR-21 in HeLa cells. The resulting LNA-antimiRs were transfected into HeLa cells together with the miR-21 luciferase reporter constructs (FIG. 10). Luciferase measurements were performed after 24 hours.

Results: The 9-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3211 (9-mer) showed dose-dependent de-repression of the miR-21 luciferase reporter which did not reach complete de-repression, as demonstrated for the 7-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3210). Increasing the length to 10-mer to 14-mer (SEQ ID #3212, SEQ ID #3213 and SEQ ID #3214) decreased the potency as shown by less efficient de-repression of the miR-21 reporter.

Conclusion: As shown in FIG. 10, the longest fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated LNA-antimiR which is still able to mediate miR-21 inhibition is a 9-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3211. However, it is clearly less efficient than the 7-mer and 8-mer LNA-antimiRs.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 60.000 cells were seeded per well in a 24-well plate the day before transfection in order to achieve 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 0.2 ug miR-21 perfect match/psiCHECK2, miR-21.mm2/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 control vector without target site together with 0.7 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 100 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 24-well plates were put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. The cells were collected and transferred to an eppendorf tube and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 10 μl were transferred to a 96-well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 12. Determination of the Most Optimal Position for an 8-Mer LNA-antimiR within the miR Target Recognition Sequence

Our experiments have shown that the most potent fully LNA-modified phosphorothiolated LNA-antimiR is 8 nucleotides in length. To assess the most optimal position for an 8-mer LNA-antimiR within the miR target recognition sequence, we designed four different fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiRs tiled across the mature miR-21 sequence as shown in FIG. 11. The different LNA-antimiRs were co-transfected together with the miR-21 luciferase reporter constructs into HeLa cells. Luciferase measurements were performed after 24 hours.

Results: The only LNA-antimiR that mediated efficient silencing of miR-21 as measured by the luciferase reporter was SEQ ID #3205, which targets the seed region of miR-21. Neither SEQ ID #3215 which was designed to cover the 3′end of the seed (50% seed targeting) did not show any effect, nor did the other two LNA-antimiRs SEQ ID #3216 or SEQ ID #3217, which were positioned to target the central region and the 3′end of the mature miR-21, respectively.

Conclusion: The only 8-mer LNA-antimiR mediating potent silencing of miR-21 is the one targeting the seed of the miR-21.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 60.000 cells were seeded per well in a 24-well plate the day before transfection in order to achieve 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 0.2 ug miR-21 perfect match/psiCHECK2, miR-21.mm2/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 0.7 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 100 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 24-well plates was put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. The cells were collected and transferred to an eppendorf tube and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 10 μl were transferred to a 96 well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 13. Validation of Interaction of the miR-21 Target Site in the Pdcd4-3′-UTR and miR-21 Using the 8-Mer SEQ ID #3205 LNA-antimiR

The tumour suppressor protein Pdcd4 inhibits TPA-induced neoplastic transformation, tumour promotion and progression. Pdcd4 has also been shown to be upregulated in apoptosis in response to different inducers. Furthermore, downregulation of Pdcd4 in lung and colorectal cancer has also been associated with a poor patient prognosis. Recently, Asangani etal and Frankel et al showed that the Pdcd4-3′-UTR contains a conserved target site for miR-21, and transfecting cells with an antimiR-21, resulted in an increase in Pdcd4 protein. We therefore constructed a luciferase reporter plasmid, harboring 313 nt of the 3′UTR region of Pdcd4 encompassing the aforementioned miR-21 target site, which was co-transfected together with different LNA-antimiRs into HeLa cells. The different LNA-antimiRs were; SEQ ID #3205 (8-mer, perfect match) or SEQ ID #3218 (8-mer, mismatch). Luciferase measurements were performed after 24 hours.

Results: As shown in FIG. 12, in cells transfected with the Pdcd4 3′UTR luciferase reporter and SEQ ID #3205, an increase in luciferase activity was observed, indicating interaction between the Pdcd4 3′UTR and miR-21. However, transfecting the cells with the mismatch compound, SEQ ID #3218, no change in luciferase activity was observed, which was expected since the compound does not antagonize miR-21. When comparing the 8-mer LNA-antimiR against two longer designed LNA-antimiRs, the short fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated LNA-antimiR was significantly more potent, confirming previous luciferase assay data.

Conclusion: These data conclude that SEQ ID #3205, which antagonizes miR-21, can regulate the interaction between Pdcd4 3′UTR and miR-21.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 60.000 cells were seeded per well in a 24-well plate the day before transfection in order to achieve 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 0.2 ug Pdcd4-3′UTR/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 0.7 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Varying concentrations of the LNA-antimiR oligonucleotides were also transfected. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Lucierase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 100 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 24-well plates was put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. The cells were collected and transferred to an eppendorf tube and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 10 μl were transferred to a 96 well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 14. Comparison of an 8-Mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3207) with a 15-Mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3206) in Antagonizing miR-155 in Mouse RAW Cells

To ask whether our approach of using short LNA-antimiRs could be adapted to targeting other miRNAs we designed a fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR against microRNA-155. A perfect match target site for miR-155 was cloned into the 3′UTR of the luciferase gene in the reporter plasmid psiCHECK2 and transfected into the mouse RAW macrophage cell line together with an 8-mer or a 15-mer LNA-antimiR. Because the endogenous levels of miR-155 are low in the RAW cell line, the cells were treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 24 hours in order to induce miR-155 accumulation. After 24 hours, luciferase analysis was performed.

Results: Luciferase measurements showed that the fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3207 targeting miR-155 was similarly effective in antagonizing miR-155 compared to the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3206 (FIG. 13). Both LNA-antimiRs showed a >50% de-repression of the miR-155 luciferase sensor at 0.25 nM concentration and inhibited miR-155 in a dose-dependent manner.

Analysis of the miRBase microRNA sequence database showed that the miR-155 recognition sequence, of the LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3207 is unique for microRNA-155. However, when decreasing the LNA-antimiR length to 7 nt, it is not specific for only miR-155, mdv1-miR-M4 and kshv-miR-K12-11 is also targeted.

Conclusion: A fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated 8-mer LNA-antimiR is equally potent compared with a 15-mer LNA-antimiR of a mixed LNA/DNA design in antagonizing miR-155. Thus, our approach of using short LNA-antimiRs can be readily adapted to targeting of other miRNAs

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line was purchased from ATCC (TIB-71). RAW cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 4 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 500.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, RAW 264.7 cells were transfected with 0.3 ug miR-155 perfect match/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 10 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. In order to induce miR-155 accumulation, LPS (100 ng/ml) was added to the RAW cells after the 4 hour incubation with the transfection complexes. After another 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and harvested with cell scraper, after which cells were spinned for 5 min at 2.500 rpm. The supernatant was discarded and 50 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to the cell pellet, after which cells were put on ice for 30 min. The lysed cells were spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 20 μl were transferred to a 96-well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 15. Assessment of c/EBPβ Protein Levels as a Functional Readout for miR-155 Antagonism by Short LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3207)

As a functional readout for miR-155 antagonism by short LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3207) we determined the protein levels of a novel miR-155 target, c/EBPβ. The mouse macrophage RAW cell line was transfected together with either an 8-mer (SEQ ID #3207) or a 15-mer (SEQ ID #3206) LNA-antimiR in the absence or presence of pre-miR-155. As mismatch controls for the 15-mer, SEQ ID #4 was used, which targets miR-122 and for the 8-mer SEQ ID #3205 was used, which targets miR-21. These two control miRNAs do not regulate c/EBPβ expression levels. LPS was used to induce miR-155 accumulation and cells were harvested after 16 hours with LPS. c/EBPβ has three isoforms; LIP, LAP and LAP* that were detected by Western blot analysis and the same membranes were re-probed with beta-tubulin as loading control.

Results: Ratios were calculated for c/EBPβ LIP and beta-tubulin as indicated in FIG. 14. RAW cells that were transfected with the 15-mer LNA-antimiR and no pre-miR-155 all showed equal c/EBPβ LIP/beta-tubulin ratios, due to inhibition of miR-155 increases the c/EBPβ LIP levels (FIG. 14, left panel). By comparison, transfection of pre-miR-155 in RAW cells resulted in decreased c/EBPβ LIP levels as expected, if c/EBPβ was a miR-155 target, as shown in lanes with protein extracts from RAW cells treated with no LNA or a mismatch. However, protein extracts from RAW cells transfected with LNA-antimiR against miR-155, showed an increase of c/EBPβ LIP levels. The same experiments were also carried out with the 8-mer LNA-antimiR-155 (SEQ ID #3207) and as shown in FIG. 14 (right panel) comparable results to those with the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3206 were obtained.

Conclusion: Antagonism of miR-155 using either an 8-mer or a 15-mer LNA-antimiR leads to de-repression of the direct target c/EBPβ.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line was purchased from ATCC (TIB-71). RAW cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 4 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 500.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to achieve 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, RAW 264.7 cells were transfected with 5 nmol pre-miR-155 (Ambion) and/or 5 nM LNA-antimiR together with 10 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. In order to induce miR-155 accumulation, LPS (100 ng/ml) was added to the RAW cells after the 4 hour incubation with the transfection complexes. After 16 hours, cells were harvested for protein extraction and western blot analysis.

Western blot: Cells were washed with PBS, trypsinated, transferred to eppendorf tubes and 250 μl lysis buffer (1×RIPA) was added. The cell lysate was placed on ice for 20 min and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 10 minutes. The protein concentration was measured with Coomassie Plus according to the manufacturer's instructions and 80 ug was loaded onto a 4-12% BIS-TRIS gel. The membrane was incubated overnight at 4° C. with the primary monoclonal mouse antibody C/EBP β (Santa Cruz) with a 1:100 concentration. Immunoreactive bands were visualized with ECL Plus (Amersham).

Example 16. Antagonism of miR-106b by a Fully LNA-Modified 8-Mer (SEQ ID #3221) LNA-AntimiR

To confirm that our approach of using short LNA-antimiRs could be adapted to targeting of other miRNAs we designed a fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR against microRNA-106b. A perfect match target site for miR-106b was cloned into the 3′UTR of the luciferase gene in the vector (psiCHECK2) and transfected into the human cervix carcinoma HeLa cell line together with a short LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3221) or with a 15-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3228) at varying concentrations. Luciferase measurements were performed after 24 hours.

Results: Transfection of the 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3221 against miR-106b resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of miR-106b as shown by de-repression of the luciferase reporter, which was completely de-repressed at 1 nM LNA-antimiR concentration (FIG. 15). Comparable results were obtained using the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3228 demonstrating that an 8-mer LNA-antimiR is similarly potent to a 15-mer.

Conclusion: Targeting of miR-106b in HeLa cells shows that an 8-mer fully LNA-modified and phosphorotiolated LNA-antimiR is equally potent compared with a 15-mer LNA/DNA mixmer LNA-antimiR.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 5.200 cells were seeded per well in a 96-well plate the day before transfection in order to achieve 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 57 ng miR-21 perfect match/psiCHECK2, miR-21.mm2/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 0.14 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 30 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 24-well plates was put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. The cells were collected and transferred to eppendorf tubes and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which luciferase measurements were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 17. Antagonism of miR-19a by a Fully LNA-Modified 8-Mer (SEQ ID #3222) LNA-antimir

To further confirm that our approach of using short LNA-antimiRs can be readily adapted to targeting of other miRNAs we designed a fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR against microRNA-19a. A perfect match target site for miR-19a was cloned in the 3′UTR of the luciferase gene in the psiCHECK2 vector. The reporter plasmid was transfected into the human cervix carcinoma HeLa cell line together with a short LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3222) or with a 15-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3229) targeting miR-19a at varying concentrations. Luciferase measurements were performed after 24 hours.

Results: As shown in FIG. 16, transfection of the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3229 into HeLa efficiently antagonizes miR-19a as demonstrated by complete de-repression at 1 nM LNA-antimiR concentration. By comparison, transfection of the 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3222 resulted in effective miR-19a antagonism already at 0.5 nM concentration, indicating that this 8-mer LNA-antimiR is at least equally potent compared with a 15-mer LNA-antimiR in HeLa cells.

Conclusion: Targeting of miR-19a in HeLa cells shows that an 8-mer fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated LNA-antimiR is at least equally potent compared with a 15-mer LNA/DNA mixmer LNA-antimiR.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 5.200 cells were seeded per well in a 96-well plate the day before transfection in order to achieve 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 57 ng miR-21 perfect match/psiCHECK2, miR-21.mm2/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 0.14 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 30 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 24-well plates was put on an orbital shaker for 30 min. The cells were collected and transferred to eppendorf tubes and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which luciferase measurements were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 18. Targeting of a microRNA Family Using Short, Fully LNA-Substituted LNA-antimiR

Next, we investigated whether it is possible to target a microRNA family using a single short 7-mer LNA-antimiR complementary to the seed sequence that is common for all family members (see FIG. 17). In this experiment, we focused on miR-221 and miR-222 that are overexpressed in solid tumors of the colon, pancreas, prostate and stomach. It has also been shown that miR-221 and miR-222 are the most significantly upregulated microRNAs in glioblastoma multiforme. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-221 and miR-222 may contribute to the growth and progression of prostate carcinoma, at least in part by blocking the tumor suppressor protein p27. A perfect match target site for both miR-221 and miR-222, respectively, was cloned into the 3′UTR of the luciferase gene resulting in two reporter constructs. These constructs were then transfected either separate or combined into the prostate carcinoma cell line, PC3. In addition to the 7-mer, targeting both miR-221 and miR-222, we also co-transfected a 15-mer LNA-antimiR (15mer) targeting either miR-221 (SEQ ID #3223) or miR-222 (SEQ ID #3224), each transfected separately or together (see FIG. 18 left).

Results: As shown in FIG. 18, transfection of PC3 cells with the LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3223 against miR-221 resulted in efficient inhibition of miR-221 at 1 nM LNA-antimiR concentration. An inhibitory effect is also observed when using the luciferase reporter plasmid for miR-222 as well as when co-transfecting both luciferase reporters for miR-221 and miR-222 simultaneously into PC3 cells. This inhibitory effect is most likely due to the shared seed sequence between miR-221 and miR-222. Similarly, transfection of PC3 cells with the LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3224 against miR-222 resulted in efficient inhibition of miR-222 at 1 nM LNA-antimiR concentration as shown by complete de-repression of the luciferase reporter for miR-222. An inhibitory effect is also observed when using the luciferase reporter plasmid for miR-222 as well as when co-transfecting both luciferase reporters for miR-221 and miR-222 simultaneously into PC3 cells. Co-tranfection of both LNA-antimiR compounds SEQ ID #3223 and SEQ ID #3224 against miR-221 and miR-222, respectively, (see FIG. 18 left), resulted in effective inhibition of both miRNAs as shown by complete de-repression of the luciferase reporter plasmids both when separately transfected and when co-transfected into PC3 cells. Interestingly, transfection of a single fully LNA-modified 7-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3225) targeting the seed sequence of miR-221 and miR-222 into PC3 cells resulted in efficient, dose-dependent antagonism of miR-221 and miR-222 simultaneously as shown by complete de-repression of the luciferase reporter plasmids both when separately transfected and when co-transfected into PC3 cells. This demonstrates that a single, short LNA-substituted LNA-antimiR can effectively target seed sequences thereby antagonizing entire microRNA families simultaneously. Analysis of the miRBase microRNA sequence database showed that the miR-221/222 seed recognition sequence, of the LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3225 is unique for both miRNAs.

Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that LNA enables design and synthesis of short fully LNA-substituted LNA-antimiR oligonucleotides that can effectively target microRNA seed sequences thereby antagonizing entire microRNA families simultaneously.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#90112714) PC3 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 100.000 cells were seeded per well in a 12-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, PC3 cells were transfected with 0.3 ug of luciferase reporter plasmid for miR-221 or for miR-222 or with empty psiCHECK2 vector without miRNA target site as control together with 1.2 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 250 μl× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to the wells. The plates were placed on a shaker for 30 min., after which the cell lysates was transferred to eppendorf tubes. The cell lysate was spinned for 10 min at 2.500 rpm after which 20 μl were transferred to a 96-well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 19. Assessment of p27 Protein Levels as a Functional Readout for Antagonism of the miR-2211222 family by the 7-mer SEQ ID #3225 LNA-antimiR

Previous work has shown (le Sage et al. 2007, Galardi et al. 2007) that miR-221 and miR-222 post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of the tumour suppressor gene p27, which is involved in cell cycle regulation. In these studies, down-regulation of miR-221 and miR-222 was shown to increase expression levels of p27. Thus, as a functional readout for antagonism of the miR-221/222 family by the 7-mer SEQ ID #3225 LNA-antimiR we determined the protein levels of p27 after transfection of the LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3225 into PC3 cells in comparison with an 8-mer LNA mismatch control. After 24 hours the cells were harvested for western blot analysis (FIG. 19).

Results: As shown in FIG. 19, transfection of the 7-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3225 targeting the seed sequence in miR-221 and miR-222 resulted in dose-dependent increase of the p27 protein levels compared to either untransfected or LNA mismatch control transfected PC3 cells. These results clearly demonstrate that the 7-mer LNA-antimiR is able to effectively antagonize the miR-221/222 family leading to de-repression of the direct target p27 at the protein level.

Conclusion: A fully LNA-modified 7-mer LNA-antimiR targeting the seed sequence in the miR-221/222 family effectively antagonized both miRNAs leading to de-repression of the direct target p27 at the protein level.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#90112714) PC3 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 250.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, PC3 cells were transfected with LNA-antimiRs at varying concentrations with Lipofectamine2000. Cells were harvested after 24 hours for protein extraction and western blot analysis.

Western blot: Cells were washed with PBS, trypsinated, transferred to eppendorf tubes and 250 μl lysis buffer (1×RIPA) was added. The cell lysate was placed on ice for 20 min, then spinned at 10.000 rpm for 10 minutes. The protein concentration was measured with Coomassie Plus according to the manufacturer's instructions and 100 ug was loaded onto a 4-12% BIS-TRIS gel. The membrane was incubated overnight at 4° C. with the primary monoclonal mouse antibody p27 (BD Biosciences) at a 1:1000 dilution. Immunoreactive bands were visualized with ECL Plus (Amersham).

Example 20. Duplex Melting Temperatures (T_(m)) of the LNA-antimiRs

As shown in Table 5, T_(m) values increase with increasing the length of short fully modified LNA-antimiRs (see T_(m) values for SEQ ID #3205, SEQ ID #3209-3214 in Table 7). Most optimal inhibitory effect was achieved with the 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3205 against miR-21, whereas the very low T_(m) of the 6-mer SEQ ID #3209 is most likely not sufficient to mediate antagonism of the miR-21 target. On the other hand, increasing the length beyond a 10-mer (SEQ ID #3212) significantly increases the T_(m), while simultaneously decreasing the inhibitory activity as measured using the luciferase miR-21 reporter, which is most likely due to high propensity of the fully modified 12- and 14-mer LNA-antimiRs to form homodimers. The experiments using a sliding window of fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimirs across the mir-21 recognition sequence clearly demonstrate that in addition to adequate T_(m) value of the LNA-antimiR, the seed region is most critical for miRNA function and, thus, the most optimal region to be targeted by an LNA-antimiR.

TABLE 5 T_(m) values for miR-21 LNA-antimiRs, measured against a complementary RNA oligonucleotide SEQ ID micro- Length Measured T_(m) # RNA (bp) Sequence (RNA) ° C. 3205 miR-21  8 5′-GATAAGCT-3′ 64.0 3209 miR-21  6 5′-TAAGCT-3′ 32.0 3210 miR-21  7 5′-ATAAGCT-3′ 45.0 3211 miR-21  9 5′-TGATAAGCT-3′ 65.0 3212 miR-21 10 5′-CTGATAAGCT-3′ 63.0 3213 miR-21 12 5′-GTCTGATAAGCT-3′ 86.8 3214 miR-21 14 5′-CAGTCTGATAAGCT-3′ 89.9 3215 miR-21  8 5′-TCTGATAA-3′ 56.0 3216 miR-21  8 5′-ATCAGTCT-3 72.0 3217 miR-21  8 5′-TCAACATC-3 48.0

Conclusion: The T_(m) values along with experimental data obtained with luciferase reporters show that potent antagonism by LNA-antimiR is not only dependent on T_(m) but also depends on the positioning of the LNA-antimiR within the microRNA recognition sequence.

Materials and Methods:

T_(m) measurements: The oligonucleotide:miR-21 RNA duplexes were diluted to 3 μM in 500 μl RNase free H₂0 and mixed with 500 μl 2× T_(m)-buffer (200 mM NaCl, 0.2 mM EDTA, 20 mM Na-phosphate, pH 7.0). The solution was heated to 95° C. for 3 min and then allowed to anneal in RT for 30 min. The duplex melting temperatures (T_(m)) were measured on a Lambda 40 UV/VIS Spectrophotometer equipped with a Peltier temperature programmer PTP6 using PE Templab software (Perkin Elmer). The temperature was ramped up from 20° C. to 95° C. and then down to 25° C., recording absorption at 260 nm. First derivative and the local maximums of both the melting and annealing were used to assess the duplex melting temperatures.

Example 21. Assessment of miR-21 Antagonism by Comparing an 8-Mer (SEQ ID #3205) Versus a 15-Mer (SEQ ID #3204) LNA-antimiR in Human Hepatocytic Cell Line HepG2

We have previously shown in this application, that an 8-mer LNA-antimiR that is fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated effectively antagonizes miR-21 in the human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa, the human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and the human prostate cancer cell line PC3. We extended this screening approach to the human hepatocellular cancer cell line HepG2. To assess the efficiency of the 8-mer LNA-antimiR oligonucleotide against miR-21, luciferase reporter constructs were generated in which a perfect match target site for the mature miR-21 was cloned into the 3′UTR of the Renilla luciferase gene. In order to monitor miR-21 inhibition, HepG2 cells were transfected with the luciferase constructs together with the miR-21 antagonist SEQ ID #3205 (8-mer) and for comparison of specificity with the 8-mer LNA-antimiR mismatch (SEQ ID #3218) and for comparison of potency together with the 15-mer (SEQ ID #3204) at varying concentrations. After 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured.

Results: The luciferase reporter experiments showed a dose-dependent de-repression of the luciferase miR-21 reporter activity with the 15-mer LNA-antimiR against miR-21 (SEQ ID #3204). However, complete de-repression of the luciferase reporter was not obtained, not even at the higher concentrations (FIG. 20). In contrast, the cells that were transfected with the 8-mer fully LNA modified LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205) showed complete de-repression already at 5 nM, indicating significantly improved potency compared to the 15-mer LNA-antimiR. Comparing the specificity of the 8-mer perfect match and the 8-mer mismatch, the mismatch LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3218) did not show any de-repression at all, demonstrating high specificity of the LNA-antimiR compound against miR-21.

Conclusion: The 8-mer (SEQ ID #3205) is more potent than the 15-mer LNA-antimiR in targeting miR-21 and antagonism of miR-21 by SEQ ID #3205 is specific.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human hepatocytic HepG2 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#85011430). HepG2 cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 650.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate and reverse transfection were performed. HepG2 cells were transfected with 0.6 μg miR-21 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 2.55 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 300 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to the wells. The plates were placed on a shaker for 30 min., after which the cell lysates were transferred to eppendorf tubes. The cell lysate was centrifugated for 10 min at 2.500 rpm after which 50 μl were transferred to a 96 well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 22. Validation of Interaction of the miR-21 target site In the Pdcd4 3′UTR and miR-21 Using the 8-Mer SEQ ID #3205 LNA-antimiR in Human Hepatocellular Cell Line Huh-7

The tumour suppressor protein Pdcd4 inhibits tumour promotion and progression. Furthermore, downregulation of Pdcd4 in lung and colorectal cancer has also been associated with poor patient prognosis. Recently, Asangani et al (Oncogene 2007) and Frankel et al (J Biol Chem 2008) showed that the Pdcd4 3′UTR contains a conserved target site for miR-21, and transfecting cells with an antimiR-21, resulted in an increase in Pdcd4 protein. We therefore constructed a luciferase reporter plasmid, harboring 313 nt of the 3′UTR region of Pdcd4 encompassing the aforementioned miR-21 target site, which was co-transfected together with different LNA-antimiRs and pre-miR-21 (10 nM) into Huh-7 cells. The different LNA-antimiRs were; SEQ ID #3205 (8-mer, perfect match), SEQ ID #3218 (8-mer, mismatch) and SEQ ID #3204 (15-mer, DNA/LNA mixmer). Luciferase measurements were performed after 24 hours.

Results: As shown in FIG. 21, cells transfected with the Pdcd4 3′UTR luciferase reporter and SEQ ID #3205, an increase in luciferase activity was observed, indicating interaction between the Pdcd4 3′UTR and miR-21. However, transfecting the cells with the mismatch compound, SEQ ID #3218, no change in luciferase activity was observed, which was expected since the compound does not antagonize miR-21. When comparing the 8-mer LNA-antimiR against the 15-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3204), the short fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated LNA-antimiR was significantly more potent, confirming previous data.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human hepatoma cell line Huh-7 was a kind gift from R. Bartinschlager (Dept Mol Virology, University of Heidelberg). Huh-7 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 11.000 cells were seeded per well in a 96-well plate the day before transfection in order to achieve 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, Huh-7 cells were transfected with 20 ng Pdcd4 3′UTR/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 10 nM pre-miR-21 (Ambion) and 0.14 j Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Varying concentrations of the LNA-antimiR oligonucleotides were also transfected. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: Cells were washed and 30 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well, after which the 96-well plates was put on an orbital shaker. After 30 min., 50 μl luciferase substrate dissolved in Luciferase Assay Buffer II (Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System from Promega, Cat# E1910) was added to the wells with lysated cells and luciferase measurements were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 23. Assessment of Pdcd4 Protein Levels as a Functional Readout for miR-21 Antagonism by the 8-Mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3205)

In addition, we also transfected HeLa cells with SEQ ID #3205 (perfect match), SEQ ID #3218 (mismatch), SEQ ID #3219 (scrambled) and analyzed Pdcd4 protein levels after 24 hours with Western blot (FIG. 22). As shown, in the protein extracts from cells where SEQ ID #3205 had been added, the Pdcd4 protein levels increase, due to antagonism of mir-21 by SEQ ID #3205 in contrast to the two control LNA oligonucleotides.

Conclusion: Antagonism of miR-21 using an 8-mer (SEQ ID #3205) leads to derepression of the direct target Pdcd4□ntagonism of miR-21

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa was purchased from ECACC (#93021013). HeLa cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 200.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells were transfected with 5 nM LNA oligonucleotides and 2.5 μg/ml Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for Western blot analysis.

Western blot: Cells were washed with PBS, trypsinated, transferred to eppendorf tubes and 50 μl lysis buffer (1×RIPA) was added. The cell lysate was placed on ice for 20 min and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 10 minutes. Equal amounts (15 μl cell lysate) were loaded onto a 4-12% BIS-TRIS gel. The proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane using iBlot (Invitrogen) according to manufacturers instructions. The membrane was incubated overnight at 4° C. with the primary affinity purified rabbit serum antibody Pdcd4 (Rockland) with a 1:2000 concentration. As control, anti-beta tubulin antibodies (Thermo Scientific) were used at a 1:5000 dilution. Immunoreactive bands were visualized with ECL Plus (Amersham).

Example 24. Assessment of Potential Hepatotoxicity of the 8-Mer Perfect Match LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3205 and the LNA Mismatch Control SEQ ID #3218

Each compound was injected into female NMRI mice, at doses of 25 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, every other day for 2 weeks. The animals were sacrificed and serum was collected from whole blood for ALT and AST analyses. As seen in FIG. 23, the ALT and AST levels were not elevated for SEQ ID #3205 compared to saline or SEQ ID #3218 (mismatch control). However, one mouse showed increased levels (marked red), since the serum samples were contaminated with red blood cells, which contain 6-8 times higher levels of ALT and AST compared to plasma. The mice that received 5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg were also analyzed for ALT and AST levels and showed no changes compared to saline treated control animals (data not shown).

Materials and Methods: Experimental Design:

Conc. Gr. Animal No. of Compound at dose vol. no. ID no. mice Dose level per day 10 ml/kg Adm. Route Dosing 1  1-10 10 NaCl — i.v 0, 2, 4, 7, 9 0.9% 2 11-15 5 SEQ ID # 3205 2.5 mg/ml i.v 0, 2, 4, 7, 9 25 mg/kg 3 16-20 5 SEQ ID # 3205 0.5 mg/ml i.v 0, 2, 4, 7, 9 5 mg/kg 4 21-25 5 SEQ ID # 3205 0.1 mg/ml i.v 0, 2, 4, 7, 9 1 mg/kg 5 26-30 5 SEQ ID # 3230 2.5 mg/ml i.v 0, 2, 4, 7, 9 25 mg/kg 6 31-35 5 SEQ ID # 3230 0.5 mg/ml i.v 0, 2, 4, 7, 9 5 mg/kg

Sacrifice: The animals was sacrificed by cervical dislocation.

Sampling of serum for ALT/AST: The animals were anaesthetised with 70% CO₂-30% O₂ before collection of retro orbital sinus blood. The blood was collected into S-monovette Serum-Gel vials. The serum samples were harvested and stored from each individual mouse. The blood samples were stored at room temperature for two hours and thereafter centrifuged 10 min, 3000 rpm, at room temp. The serum fractions were harvested into Eppendorf tubes on wet ice.

ALT and AST measurements: ALT and AST measurements were performed in 96-well plates using ALT and AST reagents from ABX Pentra (A11A01627—ALT, A11A01629—AST) according to the manufacturer's instructions. In short, serum samples were diluted 2.5 fold with H₂O and each sample was assayed in duplicate. After addition of 50 μl diluted sample or standard (multical from ABX Pentra—A11A01652) to each well, 200 μl of 37° C. AST or ALT reagent mix was added to each well. Kinetic measurements were performed for 5 min with an interval of 30 s at 340 nm and 37° C.

Example 25. Assessment of PU.1 Protein Levels as a Functional Readout for miR-155 Antagonism by Short LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3207)

We have previously shown that the 8-mer (SEQ ID #3207) antagonizing miR-155 leads to derepression of the miR-155 target c/EBPbeta in the mouse macrophage RAW cells. To further verify the potency of SEQ ID #3207 we determined the protein levels of another miR-155 target, PU.1 As a functional readout for miR-155 antagonism by short LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3207) we performed Western blot. The antagonism was verified in the human monocytic THP-1 cell line which was transfected together with either an 8-mer (SEQ ID #3207) perfect match or a 8-mer control LNA in the absence or presence of pre-miR-155. LPS was used to induce miR-155 accumulation and cells were harvested after 24 hours.

Results: THP-1 cells that were transfected with pre-miR-155 shows a decrease in PU.1 levels (FIG. 24). Transfecting the cells with the fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated SEQ ID #3207 effectively antagonizes miR-155, leading to unaltered levels of PU.1 protein. By comparison, transfecting the cells with an 8-mer LNA control, PU.1 levels decreased, indicating that antagonism of miR-155 by SEQ ID #3207 LNA-antimiR is specific.

Conclusion: Antagonism of miR-155 using an 8-mer leads to de-repression of the direct target PU.1 in human THP-1 cells.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human monocytic THP-1 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#88081201). THP-1 cells were cultured in RPMI with L-glutamine, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum.

Transfection: 200.000 cells were seeded per well in a 12-well plate the day before. On the day of transfection, THP-1 cells were transfected with 5 nmol pre-miR-155 (Ambion) and/or 5 nM LNA-antimiR together with Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. LPS (100 ng/ml) was added to the cells after the 4 hour incubation with the transfection complexes. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for protein extraction and western blot analysis.

Western blot: Cells were washed with PBS, trypsinated, transferred to eppendorf tubes and 50 μl lysis buffer (1×RIPA) was added. The cell lysate was placed on ice for 20 min and spinned at 10.000 rpm for 10 minutes. Equal amounts (15 μl cell lysate) were loaded onto a 4-12% BIS-TRIS gel. The proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane using iBlot (Invitrogen) according to manufacturers instructions The membrane was incubated overnight at 4° C. with the rabbit monoclonal PU.1 antibody (Cell Signaling) with a 1:2000 concentration. As equal loading, Tubulin (Thermo Scientific) was used at a 1:5000 dilution. Immunoreactive bands were visualized with ECL Plus (Amersham).

Example 26. Assessment of p27 Protein Levels as a Functional Readout for Antagonism of the miR-2211222 Family by the 7-Mer SEQ ID #3225 LNA-antimiR

Previous work has shown (le Sage et al. 2007, Galardi et al. 2007) that miR-221 and miR-222 post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of the tumour suppressor gene p27, which is involved in cell cycle regulation. In these studies, down-regulation of miR-221 and miR-222 was shown to increase expression levels of p27. Thus, as a functional readout for antagonism of the miR-221/222 family by the 7-mer SEQ ID #3225 LNA-antimiR we determined the protein levels of p27 after transfection of the LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3225 into PC3 cells.

Results: As shown in FIG. 25, transfection of the 7-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3225 targeting the seed sequence of miR-221 and miR-222 resulted in dose-dependent increase of the p27 protein levels compared to either untransfected or our LNA scrambled control transfected PC3 cells. These results clearly demonstrate that the 7-mer LNA-antimiR is able to effectively antagonize the miR-221/222 family leading to de-repression of the direct target p27 at the protein level at concentrations as low as 5 nM.

Conclusion: A fully LNA-modified 7-mer LNA-antimiR targeting the seed sequence in the miR-221/222 family at 5 nM can effectively antagonize both miRNAs leading to de-repression of the direct target p27 at protein level.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#90112714). PC3 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 250.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, PC3 cells were transfected with LNA-oligonucleotides at varying concentrations (see FIG. 25) with Lipofectamine2000. Cells were harvested after 24 hours for protein extraction and western blot analysis.

Western blot: Cells were washed with PBS, trypsinated, transferred to eppendorf tubes and 50 μl lysis buffer (1×RIPA) was added. The cell lysate was placed on ice for 20 min, then spinned at 10.000 rpm for 10 minutes. Equal amounts (15 μl cell lysate) were loaded onto a 4-12% BIS-TRIS gel. The proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane using iBlot (Invitrogen) according to manufacturers instructions. The membrane was incubated overnight at 4° C. with the primary monoclonal mouse antibody p27 (BD Biosciences) at a 1:1000 dilution. As loading control, Tubulin (Thermo Scientific) was used at a 1:5000 dilution. Immunoreactive bands were visualized with ECL Plus (Amersham).

Example 27. Knock-Down of miR-2211222 by the 7-Mer SEQ ID #3225 LNA-antimiR Reduces Colony Formation of PC3 Cells

A hallmark of cellular transformation is the ability for tumour cells to grow in an anchorage-independent way in semisolid medium. We have therefore performed soft agar assay which is a phenotypic assay that is relevant for cancer, given that it measures the decrease of tumour cells. We transfected SEQ ID #3225 (perfect match) and SEQ ID #3231 (scrambled) into PC3 cells, and after 24 hours plated cells in soft agar. Colonies were counted after 12 days. We show in FIG. 26 that inhibition of miR-221 and miR-222 by SEQ ID #3225 can reduce the amount of colonies growing in soft agar compared to the scrambled control LNA-antimiR, indicating decrease of tumour cells.

Conclusion: The 7-mer (SEQ ID #3225) targeting the miR-221/222 family reduces the number of colonies in soft agar, indicating proliferation arrest of PC3 cells.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#90112714). PC3 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 250,000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, PC3 cells were transfected with 25 nM of different LNA oligonucleotides with Lipofectamine2000.

Clonogenic growth in soft agar: 2.5×10³ PC3 cells were seeded in 0.35% agar on the top of a base layer containing 0.5% agar. Cells were plated 24 hours after transfection. Plates were incubated in at 37° C., 5% CO₂ in a humified incubator for 12 days and stained with 0.005% crystal violet for 1 h, after which cells were counted. The assay was performed in triplicate.

Example 28: Assessment of Let-7 Antagonism by 6-9-Mer LNA-antimiRs in Huh-7 Cells Transfected with Let-7a Precursor miRNA, and a Luciferase Sensor Assay

In order to assess the efficiency of fully LNA-modified 6-9-mer oligonucleotides in targeting and antagonizing the let-7 family of miRNAs, a luciferase sensor construct was made, containing some 800 bp of the HMGA2 3′UTR. The sequence cloned into the vector contains four out of seven functional let-7 binding sites (sites 2-5), as previously demonstrated by Mayr et al. (Science, 2007) and Lee and Dutta (Genes Dev, 2007). In order to monitor let-7 inhibition, the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh-7 (with low to non-existing levels of endogenous let-7) was transfected with the luciferase sensor construct, with let-7a precursor miRNA, and with the 6-9 mer let-7 antagonists SEQ ID #3232, -3233, -3227, -3234, -3235; see FIG. 27) at increasing concentrations. The 6-9-mer LNA-antimiRs were compared with SEQ ID #3226, a 15-mer against let-7a as a positive control. After 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured.

Results: As seen in FIG. 28, the fully LNA-modified 8- and 9-mer LNA-antimiRs (SEQ ID #3227, SEQ ID #3234, and SEQ ID #3235) show similar potencies in de-repressing the let-7 targets in the luciferase sensor assay, as the positive control 15-mer SEQ ID #3226. Full target de-repression for these highly potent compounds is achieved already at 1-5 nM, whereas the 7-mer SEQ ID #3233 needs to be present at slightly higher concentrations (10 nM) to generate the same effect. However, the 6-mer SEQ ID #3232 shows no effect even at as high concentrations as 50 nM. The de-repression of luciferase activity by the 7-9- and the 15-mer LNA-antimiRs is dose-dependent, which is particularly clear in the case of the slightly less potent SEQ ID #3233.

Conclusion: To conclude, the 8-9-mer LNA-antimiRs (SEQ ID #3227, SEQ ID #3234, and SEQ ID #3235) show equal antagonist potencies in inhibition of let-7a in vitro compared to the 15-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3226 targeting let-7a. A potent effect, albeit at slightly higher concentrations is also seen for the 7-mer SEQ ID #3233, whereas a 6-mer has no effect at tested concentrations.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh-7 was a kind gift from R. Bartinschlager (Dept Mol Virology, University of Heidelberg). Huh-7 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, Ix NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 8,000 cells were seeded per well in a 96-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 60-80% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, Huh-7 cells in each well were transfected with 20 ng HMGA2 3′UTR/psiCHECK2 plasmid, let-7a precursor miRNA (Dharmacon; 10 nM end-concentration), LNA-antimiRs SEQ ID #3232, -3233, -3227, -3234, -3235, -3226; 0-50 nM end concentrations) together with 0.17 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: Growth media was discarded and 30 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well. After 15-30 minutes of incubation on an orbital shaker, renilla and firefly luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 29: Assessment of Entire Let-7 Family Antagonism by 8-, and 15-Mer LNA-antimiRs in Huh-7 Cells Transfected with a Luciferase Sensor Assay

In order to assess the efficiency of a fully LNA-modified 8-mer oligonucleotide in antagonizing the entire let-7 family of miRNAs, the same luciferase sensor construct as described in the previous example was used. Again, Huh-7 cells (with low to non-existing levels of endogenous let-7) were transfected with the sensor construct, with one of the family-representative let-7a, let-7d, let-7e, or let-7i precursors, and with the antagonist SEQ ID #3227 at increasing concentrations. The 8-mer LNA-antimiR was compared to SEQ ID #3226, a 15-mer against let-7a as a positive and potent control. After 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured.

Results: As seen in FIG. 29 the fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiRs (SEQ ID #3227) show similar potencies in de-repressing the various let-7 targets in the luciferase sensor assay, as the positive control 15-mer SEQ ID #3226. Nearly full target de-repression for the 8-mer is achieved already at 0.5-1 nM, except in the case with let-7e premiR (FIG. 29C), to which only 7 out of 8 nucleotides of SEQ ID #3227 hybridizes to the target. However, despite the terminal mismatch in this case, SEQ ID #3227 generates full target de-repression at 5 nM. The positive control 15-mer shows potent antagonism of all precursors and gives nearly full de-repression at 0.5 nM. The de-repression of luciferase activity by both the 8- and the 15-mer LNA-antimiRs is clearly dose-dependent, as seen in all four panels (FIG. 29A-D).

Conclusion: To conclude, the 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3227), is a potent antagonist against four representative let-7 family members in vitro, and thus likely against the entire family. Compared to a 15-mer positive control antagonist, SEQ ID #3226, the 8-mer is equally potent for three of four targets, and slightly less potent for the fourth target, let-7e, explained by a terminal mismatch in this case.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh-7 was a kind gift from R. Bartinschlager (Dept Mol Virology, University of Heidelberg). Huh-7 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfectin: 8,000 cells were seeded per well in a 96-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 60-80% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, Huh-7 cells in each well were transfected with 20 ng HMGA2 3′UTR/psiCHECK2 plasmid, with let-7a, -7d, -7e, or -7i precursor miRNA (Dharmacon; 10 nM end-concentration), and with LNA-antimiRs SEQ ID #3227 and SEQ ID #3226; 0-50 nM end concentrations) together with 0.17 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: Growth medium was discarded and 30 μl× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well. After 15-30 minutes of incubation on an orbital shaker, renilla and firefly luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 30. Assessment of Endogenous Let-7 Antagonism by SEQ ID #3227, an 8-Mer LNA-antimiRs, in HeLa Cells Transfected with a Luciferase Sensor Assay

In order to determine the efficiency of a fully LNA-modified 8-mer oligonucleotide in targeting and antagonizing endogenous let-7, the same luciferase sensor construct as described in previous two examples, was co-transfected with SEQ ID #3227 into the cervical cancer cell line HeLa (that expresses moderate to high levels of let-7 as determined by Q-PCR; data not shown). Empty psiCHECK-2 vector was included as a negative control.

Results: As seen in FIG. 30, the fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3227 shows potent antagonism of endogenous let-7, and gives full target de-repression at concentrations of 5-10 nM. The de-repression of luciferase activity is dose-dependent, starting around 1 nM and reaching a plateau at approximately 10 nM.

Conclusion: To conclude, the 8-mer LNA-antimiR (SEQ ID #3227), is a potent antagonist against also endogenous let-7 in vitro, and thus provides definite evidence that entire miRNA families can be successfully targeted by short and fully LNA-modified antagonists.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The cervical cancer cell line HeLa was purchased from ATCC (#CCL-2™). HeLa cells were cultured in Eagle's MEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax, 1×NEAA and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 8,000 cells were seeded per well in a 96-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50-70% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, HeLa cells in each well were co-transfected with 20 ng HMGA2 3′UTR/psiCHECK2 plasmid or psiCHECK-2 (empty vector), and with LNA-antimiR SEQ ID #3227 (0-50 nM, end concentrations) together with 0.17 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to manufacturer's instructions. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: Growth media was discarded and 30 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to each well. After 15-30 minutes of incubation on an orbital shaker, renilla and firefly luciferase measurements were performed according to manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 31. Assessment of miR-21 Antagonism by an 8-Mer LNA-antimiR-21 (#3205) Versus an 8-Mer (#3219) Scrambled Control LNA in the Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Line HCT116

We have previously shown in this application, that an 8-mer LNA-antimiR that is fully LNA-modified and phosphorothiolated effectively antagonizes miR-21 in the human cervix carcinoma cell line HeLa, the human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7, the human prostate cancer cell line PC3 and human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line. We extended this screening approach to the human colon carcinoma cell line HCT116. To assess the efficiency of the 8-mer LNA-antimiR oligonucleotide against miR-21, luciferase reporter constructs were generated in which a perfect match target site for the mature miR-21 was cloned into the 3′UTR of the Renilla luciferase gene. In order to monitor miR-21 inhibition, HCT116 cells were transfected with the luciferase constructs together with the miR-21 antagonist #3205 (8-mer) and for comparison of specificity with the 8-mer LNA scrambled control (#3219). After 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured.

Results: The luciferase reporter experiments showed a dose-dependent de-repression of the luciferase miR-21 reporter activity with the 8-mer LNA-antimiR against miR-21 (#3205) and complete de-repression was obtained at 5 nM (FIG. 31). When comparing the specificity of the 8-mer perfect match and the 8-mer scrambled control, the scrambled control LNA-antimiR (#3219) did not show any de-repression at all, demonstrating high specificity of the LNA-antimiR compound against miR-21.

Conclusion: The 8-mer (#3205) is potent in targeting miR-21 and antagonism of miR-21 by #3205 is specific.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human colon carcinoma HCT116 cell line was purchased from ATCC (CCL-247). HCT116 cells were cultured in RPMI medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 110.000 cells were seeded per well in a 12-well plate and transfection was performed. HCT116 cells were transfected with 0.3 μg miR-21 luciferase sensor plasmid or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 1.2 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Transfected were also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiR and control oligonucleotides. After 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and 250 μl 1× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to the wells. The plates were placed on a shaker for 30 min., after which the cell lysates were transferred to eppendorf tubes. The cell lysate was centrifugated for 10 min at 2.500 rpm after which 50 μl were transferred to a 96 well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 32. Knock-Down of miR-21 by the 8-Mer #3205 LNA-antimiR Reduces Colony Formation of PC3 Cells

A hallmark of cellular transformation is the ability for tumour cells to grow in an anchorage-independent way in semisolid medium. We therefore performed soft agar assay which is a phenotypic assay that is relevant for cancer, given that it measures the decrease of tumour cells. We transfected #3205 (perfect match LNA-antimiR-21) and #3219 (LNA scrambled control) into PC3 cells, and after 24 hours plated cells in soft agar. Colonies were counted after 12 days. We show in FIG. 32 that inhibition of miR-21 by #3205 can reduce the amount of colonies growing in soft agar compared to the scrambled control LNA treated or untreated control (transfected, but with no LNA), demonstrating decrease of tumour cells.

Conclusion: The 8-mer (#3205) targeting the miR-21 family reduces the number of colonies in soft agar, demonstrating proliferation arrest of PC3 cells.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#90112714). PC3 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 250,000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, PC3 cells were transfected with 25 nM of different LNA oligonucleotides with Lipofectamine2000.

Clonogenic growth in soft agar: 2.5×10³ PC3 cells were seeded in 0.35% agar on the top of a base layer containing 0.5% agar. Cells were plated 24 hours after transfection. Plates were incubated in at 37° C., 5% CO₂ in a humified incubator for 12 days and stained with 0.005% crystal violet for 1 h, after which cells were counted. The assay was performed in triplicate.

Example 33. Silencing of miR-21 by the 8-Mer #3205 LNA-antimiR Reduces Colony Formation of HepG2 Cells

miR-21 is overexpressed in the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and we have previously shown that we are able to regulate the luciferase activity of a miR-21 sensor plasmid with #3205 in these cells. HepG2 cells were transfected with #3205 and #3219 (scrambled 8-mer), and after 24 hours plated into soft agar. Colonies were counted after 17 days with a microscope.

Results: We show in FIG. 33 that inhibition of miR-21 by #3205 can reduce the amount of colonies growing in soft agar, showing that proliferation arrest has occurred. In addition, our scrambled 8-mer control, #3219, had no significant effect on the number of colonies.

Conclusion: The 8-mer (#3205) targeting the miR-21 reduces the number of colonies in soft agar, indicating proliferation arrest of HepG2 cells.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human hepatocytic HepG2 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#85011430). HepG2 cells were cultured in EMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 650.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate and reverse transfection was performed. HepG2 cells were transfected with 0.6 μg miR-21 luciferase sensor plasmid or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 2.55 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Transfected were also LNA-antimiR and control oligonucleotides as varying concentrations. After 24 hours, the cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Clonogenic growth in soft agar: 2.0×10³ HepG2 cells were seeded in 0.35% agar on the top of a base layer containing 0.5% agar. Cells were plated 24 hours after transfection. Plates were incubated in at 37° C., 5% CO₂ in a humified incubator for 17 days and stained with 0.005% crystal violet for 1 h, after which cells were counted. The assay was performed in triplicate.

Example 34. Silencing of miR-21 by the 8-Mer #3205 LNA-antimiR Inhibits Cell Migration in Pc3 Cells

Cell migration can be monitored by performing a wound healing assay (=scratch assay) where a “scratch” is made in a cell monolayer, and images are captured at the beginning and at regular intervals during cell migration. By comparing the images, quantification of the migration rate of the cells can be determined. This was done in the human prostate cancer cell line PC3. Cells were seeded, and on day 3 the cells were transfected, and the next day, when 100% confluency was reached, a scratch (=wound) was made. When the scratch was made, pictures were taken in order to document the initial wound. Afterwards the area of the wound closure is measured at different time points with the free software program Image J. As shown in FIG. 34A, PC3 cells had been treated with 25 nM #3205 (perfect match, miR-21), the control #3219 or left untransfected. Pictures were taken after 24 hours, and the area was calculated for the wound closure at respective time-point. The wound closure for the untransfected cells and for the control, #3219, was faster as compared to our LNA-antimiR against miR-21, #3205, indicating that #3205 inhibits miR-21 and prevents the cells from migrating (FIG. 34B).

Conclusion: The 8-mer (#3205) targeting miR-21 inhibits the cell migration of PC3 cells compared to untransfected and control transfected cells.

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The human prostate carcinoma PC3 cell line was purchased from ECACC (#90112714). PC3 cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Scratch assay: 150.000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate three days before transfection in order to receive 100% confluency the next day. At 24 hours after transfection, a scratch was made in the cell monolayer with a 200 μl tip. Pictures were taken at 0 h and after 24 hours by using a digital camera coupled to a microscope. The software program Image J was used to determine wound closure.

Example 35. Length Assessment of Fully LNA-Substituted LNA-antimiRs Antagonizing miR-155

We have previously shown a length assessment for miR-21 regarding fully LNA-substituted LNA-antimiRs, and showed that the most potent LNA-antimiRs are 7-, 8- or 9 nt in length. The same experiment was repeated with miR-155. A perfect match target site for miR-155 was cloned into the 3′UTR of the luciferase gene in the reporter plasmid psiCHECK2 and transfected into the mouse RAW macrophage cell line together with fully LNA-substituted LNA-antimiRs of different lengths. Because the endogenous levels of miR-155 are low in the RAW cell line, the cells were treated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 24 hours in order to induce miR-155 accumulation. After 24 hours, luciferase analysis was performed.

Results: As shown in FIG. 35, the most potent LNA-antimiRs are #3207(8 nt) and #3241 (9 nt), reaching almost a 80% de-repression at only 0.25 nM LNA concentration. The 6-mer (#3244) shows no significant de-repression. Increasing the length to 12-mer to 14-mer (#3242 and #3243) decreased the potency as shown by less efficient de-repression of the miR-155 reporter.

Conclusion: The most potent fully LNA-substituted LNA-antimiRs targeting miR-155 were an 8- and 9-mer (#3207 and #3241).

Materials and Methods:

Cell line: The mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line was purchased from ATCC (TIB-71). RAW cells were cultured in DMEM medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 4 mM Glutamax and 25 ug/ml Gentamicin.

Transfection: 500,000 cells were seeded per well in a 6-well plate the day before transfection in order to receive 50% confluency the next day. On the day of transfection, RAW 264.7 cells were transfected with 0.3 ug miR-155 perfect match/psiCHECK2 or empty psiCHECK2 vector together with 10 μl Lipofectamine2000 (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Transfected was also varying concentrations of LNA-antimiRs. In order to induce miR-155 accumulation, LPS (100 ng/ml) was added to the RAW cells after the 4 hour incubation with the transfection complexes. After another 24 hours, cells were harvested for luciferase measurements.

Luciferase assay: The cells were washed with PBS and harvested with cell scraper, after which cells were spinned for 5 min at 2.500 rpm. The supernatant was discarded and 50 μl× Passive Lysis Buffer (Promega) was added to the cell pellet, after which cells were put on ice for 30 min. The lysed cells were spinned at 10.000 rpm for 30 min after which 20 μl were transferred to a 96-well plate and luciferase measurements were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega).

Example 36. Plasma Protein Binding for the Fully LNA-Substituted 8-Mer #3205 Targeting miR-21 (LNA-antimiR-21)

The plasma proteins are not saturated with #3205 at the plasma concentrations in the experiment shown in FIG. 36A. In a wide range of #3205 concentrations in the plasma the protein binding is around 95% of the #3205 LNA-antimiR-21 in FIG. 36B. At #3205 concentrations 50.1 μM (174 μg/mL) the binding capacity of plasma proteins for FAM-labeled #3205 has not been saturated.

Materials and Methods: Mouse plasma (100 μL) was spiked with FAM-labeled #3205 to 0.167, 1.67, 5.01, 10.02, 16.7, 25.05 and 50.1 μM concentrations. The solutions were incubated at 37° C. for 30 minutes. The solutions were transferred to a Microcon Ultracel YM-30 filter (regenerated cellulose 30.000 MWCO). The filters were spun for 20 minutes at 2000 g and at room temperature in a microcentrifuge. The filtrate was diluted 5, 10 and 20 times and 100 μL samples were transferred to a microtiter plate (Polystyrene Black NUNC-237108). The fluorescence was detected using a FLUOstar Optima elisa reader with excitation 458 nm and emission 520 nm. The amount of unbound FAM-labeled #3205 was calculated from a standard curve derived from filtrated plasma spiked with FAM-labeled #3205 at 12 different (0.45-1000 nM) concentrations. The numbers were corrected with the recovery number established from filtration experiments with #3205 concentrations 0.167, 1.67, 5.01, 10.02, 16.7, 25.05 and 50.1 μM in filtrated plasma. The recovery of FAM-labeled #3205 was 86%.

Example 37. Quantitative Whole Body Autoradiography Study in Female Pigmented Mice after Single Intravenous Administration of ³⁵S-Labelled #3205 LNA-antimiR-21

In order to determine the biodistribution of a short fully LNA-modified LNA-antimiR (#3205, 8-mer) a whole body tissue distribution of radioactively labeled compound was done in mice. ³⁵S-labelled #3205 was dosed to mice with a single intravenous administration and mice were sacrificed at different time-points, ranging from 5 min to 21 days.

TABLE 6(i) Individual tissue concentrations (μg #3205/g tissue) after a single intravenous administration of ³⁵S- labelled #3205 in female pigmented mice. The figures are mean values of three measurements for each tissue and ratio. The coefficient of variation (CV) is generally about 10%. Max. Conc. of oligo μg Time of max Tissue #3205/g tissue conc. hours T½ hours Adrenal gl. 13.6 0.083 374 Bile 4 1 Bone marrow 7.2 0.083 411 Brain 0.4 0.083 Brown fat 8.8 0.083 Gastric muc. 10.1 0.083 Heart blood 26.2 0.083 10.3 Kidney ctx. 58.7 24 104 Liver 11.8 0.083 588 10.7 24 Lung 13.2 0.083 289 Lymph node 5 0.083 262 2.4 48 Lymph 18.8 4 20.8 168 Myocardium 8.1 0.083 662 Ovary 13 0.083 198 Pancreas 5 0.083 Pituitary gl. 6.7 0.083 Salivary gl. 8.6 0.083 405 5.5 168 skel. Muscle 4.8 0.083 Skin pig. 5.4 0.25 Spleen 9.8 0.083 564 Thymus 3.8 0.083 185 Thyroid gl. 10.9 0.083 592 Urine 328.9 0.083 Uterus 9.6 0.25 177 Uvea of the eye 13.6 0.083 LOQ 0.045 0.083 0.033 24 0.03 168

TABLE 6(ii) Tissue to liver ratios after single intravenous administration of ³⁵S-labelled #3205 in female pigmented mice. Animal no ³⁵S-#3205 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Surv. Time (h) 0.083 0.25 1 h 4 h 24 h 48 h 96 h 168 504 Organ Adrenal gl liver liver liver liver liver liver liver liver liver Bile 1.15 1.08 0.52 0.27 0.24 0.26 0.23 0.18 0.17 Bone marrow 0.03 0.11 0.55 0.10 0.03 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.04 Brain 0.61 0.81 0.55 0.45 0.40 0.48 0.43 0.42 0.34 Brown fat 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Gastric muc 0.75 0.57 0.29 0.12 0.07 0.12 0.08 0.10 0.07 Heart blood 0.86 0.71 0.31 0.22 0.10 0.21 0.15 0.16 0.12 Kidney ctx 2.23 1.91 0.74 0.11 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liver 2.87 3.94 6.45 6.95 5.51 6.68 3.92 2.24 0.40 Lung 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Lymph node 1.12 0.97 0.63 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 Lymph 0.43 0.30 0.25 0.19 0.11 0.32 0.20 0.17 0.12 Myocardium 0.82 1.09 1.78 2.78 1.03 2.05 1.62 3.17 1.89 Ovary 0.69 0.63 0.30 0.13 0.10 0.15 0.09 0.11 0.12 Pancreas 1.10 1.40 0.61 0.31 0.27 0.28 0.21 0.21 0.08 Pituitary gland 0.42 0.37 0.22 0.18 0.12 0.17 0.12 0.15 0.11 Salivary gland 0.57 0.54 0.28 0.11 0.15 0.16 0.12 0.10 0.08 Skel. muscle 0.73 0.81 0.38 0.25 0.25 0.42 0.23 0.85 0.24 Skin. pigm. 0.40 0.28 0.14 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 Spleen 0.34 0.69 0.65 0.36 0.20 0.26 0.20 0.19 0.13 Thymus 0.83 0.86 0.44 0.32 0.24 0.34 0.35 0.29 0.31 Thyroid gland 0.32 0.31 0.14 0.07 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.02 Urine 0.9 1.2 0.43 0.28 0.25 0.34 0.19 0.26 0.25 Uterus 27.96 39.48 9.90 5.44 0.24 0.39 0.12 0.15 0.03 Uvea of the eye 0.56 1.23 0.65 0.30 0.30 0.07 0.27 0.16 0.08

Conclusions: #3205 shows blood clearance of radioactivity with elimination half-lives of 8-10 hours. High levels of radioactivity were registered in the kidney cortex, lymph, liver, bone marrow, spleen, ovary and uterus. The highest level of radioactivity was registered in the kidney cortex showing five times higher levels than that of the liver for #3205. A strong retention of radioactivity was noticed in the kidney cortex, lymph, liver, bone marrow and spleen for #3205 LNA-antimiR-21.

Materials and Methods:

Dose administration: All mice were weighed before administration. Nine female mice were given 10 mg/kg of ³⁵S-#3205 intravenously in a tail vein. The volume given to each animal was 10 mL/kg of the test formulation. The specific activity 75.7 μCi/mg. Individual mice were killed 5 min, 15 min, 1 hour, 4 hours, 24 hours, 2 days, 4 days, 7 days and 21 days after administration of #3205. Whole body autoradiography: The mice were anaesthetized by sevoflurane, and then immediately immersed in heptane, cooled with dry ice to −80° C., ABR-SOP-0130. The frozen carcasses were embedded in a gel of aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), frozen in ethanol, cooled with dry ice (−80° C.) and sectioned sagittaly for whole body autoradiography, according to the standard method, ABR-SOP-0131. From each animal 20 μm sections were cut at different levels with a cryomicrotome (Leica CM 3600) at a temperature of about −20° C. The obtained sections were caught on tape (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co., No. 810) and numbered consecutively with radioactive ink. After being freeze-dried at −20° C. for about 24 hours, selected sections were covered with a thin layer of mylar foil, and put on imaging plates (Fuji, Japan). Exposure took place in light tight cassettes in a lead shielding box at −20° C., to protect the image plates from environmental radiation. After exposure the imaging plates were scanned at a pixel size of 50 μm and analyzed by radioluminography using a bioimaging analysis system (Bas 2500, Fuji, Japan), and described in ABR-SOP-0214. A water-soluble standard test solution of ³⁵S radioactivity was mixed with whole blood and used for production of a calibration scale, ABR-SOP-0251. However, the different blood standards were dissolved in 500 uL Soluene-35. 4.5 mL Ultima Gold was then added to the dissolved samples. As 35S and ¹⁴C have very similar energy spectra, a standard ¹⁴C-programme (Packard 2200CA) was used when the radioactivity for the different blood samples was settled.

Pharmacokinetic calculations: The 35S radioactivity measured in whole blood and tissues was expressed as nCi/g tissue and recalculated to nmol equiv/g tissue for the pharmacokinetic evaluation. The pharmacokinetic parameters C_(max), t_(1/2) and AUC were determined for the whole blood and tissues by non-compartmental analysis using WinNonlin Professional (Pharsight Corporation, Mountain View, Calif., USA). After intravenous administration, the concentration was extrapolated back to zero and expressed as (C₀). The elimination rate constant X was estimated by linear regression analysis of the terminal slope of the logarithmic plasma concentration-time curve. The elimination half-life, tin, was calculated using the equation, t_(1/2)=In2/λ. The last three time-points above LOQ were used in the elimination half-life calculations, if not stated otherwise.

Example 38. Assessment of Let-7 Inhibition In Vivo by an 8-Mer LNA-antimiR, as Determined Through Ras Protein Quantification in Mouse Lung and Kidney

In order to investigate the possibility to antagonize the abundantly expressed let-7 family in vivo, mice were intravenously (i.v.) injected with an 8-mer LNA-antimiR antagonist or with saline. To measure treatment effect, proteins were isolated from lungs and kidneys. Because the Ras family of proteins (N-Ras, K-Ras, and H-Ras), in particular N-Ras and K-Ras, has previously been shown to be regulated (repressed) by the let-7 family by Johnson et al. (Cell, 2005), the aim was to analyze whether these let-7 targets could be de-repressed in vivo.

Results: As seen in FIG. 37, the 8-mer LNA-antimiR potently de-repressed Ras protein levels in the kidneys of treated mice, normalized against saline controls. The up-regulation in this organ was more than 3-fold, showing a clear in vive effect. In the lungs, however, only a minimal (1.2-fold) Ras de-repression was observed (FIG. 1B), suggesting that insufficient amounts of LNA-antimiR has entered this organ in order to inhibit its massive amounts of let-7, as previously described by Johnson et al. (Cancer Research, 2007).

Conclusion: The 8-mer LNA-antimiR shows a clear effect in regulating target let-7 miRNA in vivo, as evaluated based on Ras protein levels in treated vs. control mice. Whereas the effect seems to be smaller in lungs, Ras levels in the kidney show a substantial up-regulation upon antimiRs-treatment.

Materials and Methods:

Animals and dosing: C57BL/6 female mice were treated with 10 mg/kg LNA-antimiR or saline for three consecutive days (0, 1, and 2) and sacrificed on day 4. Tissue samples from lungs and kidneys were snapfrozen and stored at −80° C. until further processing.

Western blot analysis: Lung and kidney proteins from saline and LNA-antimiR-treated mice were separated on NuPAGE Bis Tris 4-12% (Invitrogen), using 100 μg per sample. The proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane using iBlot (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Blocking, antibody dilution and detection was performed according to the manufacturer's specifications. For Ras detection, a primary rabbit-anti Ras antibody (SC-3339, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and a secondary HRP-conjugated swine-anti-rabbit antibody (P0399, Dako) was used, and for tubulin detection, a primary tubulin alpha (MS-581-P1, Neomarkers) and a secondary HRP-conjugated goat-anti-mouse antibody (P0447, Dako) was used.

Example 40. In Vivo Efficacy Assessment of the 8-Mer LNA-antimiR (#3205) in Targeting miR-21, as Determined by Pdcd4 Protein Up-Regulation in Mouse Kidney

We have shown that an 8-mer LNA-antimiR that is fully LNA-modified antagonizes miR-21 and has the ability to regulate the protein levels of the miR-21 target Pdcd4 in vitro. We therefore injected the LNA-antimiR into mice to determine the effects of the LNA-antimiR in vivo. The mice received 25 mg/kg of #3205 by i.v. injection every other day for 14 days (a total of 5 doses). The mice were sacrificed on day 14, the kidney was removed, and protein was isolated. In order to determine target regulation, Western blot analysis was performed.

Results: As shown in FIG. 38, treating mice with #3205 showed significantly increased Pdcd4 protein levels as compared to the saline control. While the normalized Pdcd4 versus Gapdh ratio was consistent in both saline samples, the protein up-regulation in the two LNA-antimiR-treated (#32059 mice were measured to 3.3- and 6.3-fold, respectively, demonstrating an in vivo pharmacological effect of the #3205 8-mer LNA-antimiR.

Conclusion: The fully LNA-modified 8-mer LNA-antimiR #3205 antagonizes miR-21 in vivo, as demonstrated through its ability to de-repress (up-regulate) mouse kidney levels of Pdcd4, a validated miR-21 target.

Materials and Methods:

Animals and dosing: C57BL/6 female mice with average of 20 g body weight at first dosing were used in all experiments and received regular chow diet (Altromin no 1324, Brogaarden, Gentofte, Denmark). Substances were formulated in physiological saline (0.9% NaCl). The animals were dozed with LNA-antimiR or saline (0.9% NaCl), receiving an injection of 25 mg/kg every other day for 14 days, a total of 5 doses. Animals were sacrificed on day 14.

Western blot analysis: 80 μg kidney tissue from saline or LNA-treated mice was separated on NuPAGE Bis Tris 4-12% (Invitrogen). The proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane using iBlot (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The membrane was incubated with Pdcd4 antibody (Bethyl Laboratories), followed by HRP-conjugated swine-anti-rabbit antibody (Dako). As equal loading control, GAPDH (Abcam) was used, followed by HRP-conjugated swine-anti-mouse antibody. The membranes were visualized by chemiluminiscence (ECL, Amersham).

TABLE 1 SEQ SEQ SEQ SEQ ID ID ID ID microRNA MicroRNASequence NO 9-mer NO 8-mer NO 7-mer NO ebv-miR-BART1-3p UAGCACCGCUAUCCACUAUGUC  40 AGCGGTGCT  977 GCGGTGCT 1914 CGGTGCT 2851 ebv-miR-BART1-5p UCUUAGUGGAAGUGACGUGCUGUG  41 TCCACTAAG  978 CCACTAAG 1915 CACTAAG 2852 ebv-miR-BART10 UACAUAACCAUGGAGUUGGCUGU  42 TGGTTATGT  979 GGTTATGT 1916 GTTATGT 2853 ebv-miR-BART10* GCCACCUCUUUGGUUCUGUACA  43 AAGAGGTGG  980 AGAGGTGG 1917 GAGGTGG 2854 ebv-miR-BART11-3p ACGCACACCAGGCUGACUGCC  44 TGGTGTGCG  981 GGTGTGCG 1918 GTGTGCG 2855 ebv-miR-BART11-5p UCAGACAGUUUGGUGCGCUAGUUG  45 AACTGTCTG  982 ACTGTCTG 1919 CTGTCTG 2856 ebv-miR-BART12 UCCUGUGGUGUUUGGUGUGGUU  46 CACCACAGG  983 ACCACAGG 1920 CCACAGG 2857 ebv-miR-BART13 UGUAACUUGCCAGGGACGGCUGA  47 GCAAGTTAC  984 CAAGTTAC 1921 AAGTTAC 2858 ebv-miR-BART13* AACCGGCUCGUGGCUCGUACAG  48 CGAGCCGGT  985 GAGCCGGT 1922 AGCCGGT 2859 ebv-miR-BART14 UAAAUGCUGCAGUAGUAGGGAU  49 GCAGCATTT  986 CAGCATTT 1923 AGCATTT 2860 ebv-miR-BART14* UACCCUACGCUGCCGAUUUACA  50 GCGTAGGGT  987 CGTAGGGT 1924 GTAGGGT 2861 ebv-miR-BART15 GUCAGUGGUUUUGUUUCCUUGA  51 AACCACTGA  988 ACCACTGA 1925 CCACTGA 2862 ebv-miR-BART16 UUAGAUAGAGUGGGUGUGUGCUCU  52 CTCTATCTA  989 TCTATCTA 1926 CTATCTA 2863 ebv-miR-BART17-3p UGUAUGCCUGGUGUCCCCUUAGU  53 CAGGCATAC  990 AGGCATAC 1927 GGCATAC 2864 ebv-miR-BART17-5p UAAGAGGACGCAGGCAUACAAG  54 CGTCCTCTT  991 GTCCTCTT 1928 TCCTCTT 2865 ebv-miR-BART18-3p UAUCGGAAGUUUGGGCUUCGUC  55 ACTTCCGAT  992 CTTCCGAT 1929 TTCCGAT 2866 ebv-miR-BART18-5p UCAAGUUCGCACUUCCUAUACA  56 GCGAACTTG  993 CGAACTTG 1930 GAACTTG 2867 ebv-miR-BART19-3p UUUUGUUUGCUUGGGAAUGCU  57 GCAAACAAA  994 CAAACAAA 1931 AAACAAA 2868 ebv-miR-BART19-5p ACAUUCCCCGCAAACAUGACAUG  58 CGGGGAATG  995 GGGGAATG 1932 GGGAATG 2869 ebv-miR-BART2-3p AAGGAGCGAUUUGGAGAAAAUAAA  59 ATCGCTCCT  996 TCGCTCCT 1933 CGCTCCT 2870 ebv-miR-BART2-5p UAUUUUCUGCAUUCGCCCUUGC  60 GCAGAAAAT  997 CAGAAAAT 1934 AGAAAAT 2871 ebv-miR-BART20-3p CAUGAAGGCACAGCCUGUUACC  61 TGCCTTCAT  998 GCCTTCAT 1935 CCTTCAT 2872 ebv-miR-BART20-5p UAGCAGGCAUGUCUUCAUUCC  62 ATGCCTGCT  999 TGCCTGCT 1936 GCCTGCT 2873 ebv-miR-BART3 CGCACCACUAGUCACCAGGUGU  63 TAGTGGTGC 1000 AGTGGTGC 1937 GTGGTGC 2874 ebv-miR-BART3* ACCUAGUGUUAGUGUUGUGCU  64 AACACTAGG 1001 ACACTAGG 1938 CACTAGG 2875 ebv-miR-BART4 GACCUGAUGCUGCUGGUGUGCU  65 GCATCAGGT 1002 CATCAGGT 1939 ATCAGGT 2876 ebv-miR-BART5 CAAGGUGAAUAUAGCUGCCCAUCG  66 ATTCACCTT 1003 TTCACCTT 1940 TCACCTT 2877 ebv-miR-BART6-3p CGGGGAUCGGACUAGCCUUAGA  67 CCGATCCCC 1004 CGATCCCC 1941 GATCCCC 2878 ebv-miR-BART6-5p UAAGGUUGGUCCAAUCCAUAGG  68 ACCAACCTT 1005 CCAACCTT 1942 CAACCTT 2879 ebv-miR-BART7 CAUCAUAGUCCAGUGUCCAGGG  69 GACTATGAT 1006 ACTATGAT 1943 CTATGAT 2880 ebv-miR-BART7* CCUGGACCUUGACUAUGAAACA  70 AAGGTCCAG 1007 AGGTCCAG 1944 GGTCCAG 2881 ebv-miR-BART8 UACGGUUUCCUAGAUUGUACAG  71 GGAAACCGT 1008 GAAACCGT 1945 AAACCGT 2882 ebv-miR-BART8* GUCACAAUCUAUGGGGUCGUAGA  72 AGATTGTGA 1009 GATTGTGA 1946 ATTGTGA 2883 ebv-miR-BART9 UAACACUUCAUGGGUCCCGUAGU  73 TGAAGTGTT 1010 GAAGTGTT 1947 AAGTGTT 2884 ebv-miR-BART9* UACUGGACCCUGAAUUGGAAAC  74 GGGTCCAGT 1011 GGTCCAGT 1948 GTCCAGT 2885 ebv-miR-BHRF1-1 UAACCUGAUCAGCCCCGGAGUU  75 GATCAGGTT 1012 ATCAGGTT 1949 TCAGGTT 2886 ebv-miR-BHRF1-2 UAUCUUUUGCGGCAGAAAUUGA  76 GCAAAAGAT 1013 CAAAAGAT 1950 AAAAGAT 2887 ebv-miR-BHRF1-2* AAAUUCUGUUGCAGCAGAUAGC  77 AACAGAATT 1014 ACAGAATT 1951 CAGAATT 2888 ebv-miR-BHRF1-3 UAACGGGAAGUGUGUAAGCACA  78 CTTCCCGTT 1015 TTCCCGTT 1952 TCCCGTT 2889 hcmv-miR-UL112 AAGUGACGGUGAGAUCCAGGCU  79 ACCGTCACT 1016 CCGTCACT 1953 CGTCACT 2890 hcmv-miR-UL148D UCGUCCUCCCCUUCUUCACCG  80 GGGAGGACG 1017 GGAGGACG 1954 GAGGACG 2891 hcmv-miR-UL22A UAACUAGCCUUCCCGUGAGA  81 AGGCTAGTT 1018 GGCTAGTT 1955 GCTAGTT 2892 hcmv-miR-UL22A* UCACCAGAAUGCUAGUUUGUAG  82 ATTCTGGTG 1019 TTCTGGTG 1956 TCTGGTG 2893 hcmv-miR-UL36 UCGUUGAAGACACCUGGAAAGA  83 TCTTCAACG 1020 CTTCAACG 1957 TTCAACG 2894 hcmv-miR-UL36* UUUCCAGGUGUUUUCAACGUGC  84 CACCTGGAA 1021 ACCTGGAA 1958 CCTGGAA 2895 hcmv-miR-UL70-3p GGGGAUGGGCUGGCGCGCGG  85 GCCCATCCC 1022 CCCATCCC 1959 CCATCCC 2896 hcmv-miR-UL70-5p UGCGUCUCGGCCUCGUCCAGA  86 CCGAGACGC 1023 CGAGACGC 1960 GAGACGC 2897 hcmv-miR-US25-1 AACCGCUCAGUGGCUCGGACC  87 CTGAGCGGT 1024 TGAGCGGT 1961 GAGCGGT 2898 hcmv-miR-US25-1* UCCGAACGCUAGGUCGGUUCUC  88 AGCGTTCGG 1025 GCGTTCGG 1962 CGTTCGG 2899 hcmv-miR-US25-2- AUCCACUUGGAGAGCUCCCGCGG  89 CCAAGTGGA 1026 CAAGTGGA 1963 AAGTGGA 2900 3p hcmv-miR-US25-2- AGCGGUCUGUUCAGGUGGAUGA  90 ACAGACCGC 1027 CAGACCGC 1964 AGACCGC 2901 5p hcmv-miR-US33-3p UCACGGUCCGAGCACAUCCA  91 CGGACCGTG 1028 GGACCGTG 1965 GACCGTG 2902 hcmv-miR-US33-5p GAUUGUGCCCGGACCGUGGGCG  92 GGGCACAAT 1029 GGCACAAT 1966 GCACAAT 2903 hcmv-miR-US4 CGACAUGGACGUGCAGGGGGAU  93 GTCCATGTC 1030 TCCATGTC 1967 CCATGTC 2904 hcmv-miR-US5-1 UGACAAGCCUGACGAGAGCGU  94 AGGCTTGTC 1031 GGCTTGTC 1968 GCTTGTC 2905 hcmv-miR-US5-2 UUAUGAUAGGUGUGACGAUGUC  95 CCTATCATA 1032 CTATCATA 1969 TATCATA 2906 hsa-let-7a UGAGGUAGUAGGUUGUAUAGUU  96 TACTACCTC 1033 ACTACCTC 1970 CTACCTC 2907 hsa-let-7a* CUAUACAAUCUACUGUCUUUC  97 GATTGTATA 1034 ATTGTATA 1971 TTGTATA 2908 hsa-let-7b UGAGGUAGUAGGUUGUGUGGUU  98 TACTACCTC 1035 ACTACCTC 1972 CTACCTC 2909 hsa-let-7b* CUAUACAACCUACUGCCUUCCC  99 GGTTGTATA 1036 GTTGTATA 1973 TTGTATA 2910 hsa-let-7c UGAGGUAGUAGGUUGUAUGGUU 100 TACTACCTC 1037 ACTACCTC 1974 CTACCTC 2911 hsa-let-7c* UAGAGUUACACCCUGGGAGUUA 101 TGTAACTCT 1038 GTAACTCT 1975 TAACTCT 2912 hsa-let-7d AGAGGUAGUAGGUUGCAUAGUU 102 TACTACCTC 1039 ACTACCTC 1976 CTACCTC 2913 hsa-let-7d* CUAUACGACCUGCUGCCUUUCU 103 GGTCGTATA 1040 GTCGTATA 1977 TCGTATA 2914 hsa-let-7e UGAGGUAGGAGGUUGUAUAGUU 104 TCCTACCTC 1041 CCTACCTC 1978 CTACCTC 2915 hsa-let-7e* CUAUACGGCCUCCUAGCUUUCC 105 GGCCGTATA 1042 GCCGTATA 1979 CCGTATA 2916 hsa-let-7f UGAGGUAGUAGAUUGUAUAGUU 106 TACTACCTC 1043 ACTACCTC 1980 CTACCTC 2917 hsa-let-7f-1* CUAUACAAUCUAUUGCCUUCCC 107 GATTGTATA 1044 ATTGTATA 1981 TTGTATA 2918 hsa-let-7f-2* CUAUACAGUCUACUGUCUUUCC 108 GACTGTATA 1045 ACTGTATA 1982 CTGTATA 2919 hsa-let-7g UGAGGUAGUAGUUUGUACAGUU 109 TACTACCTC 1046 ACTACCTC 1983 CTACCTC 2920 hsa-let-7g* CUGUACAGGCCACUGCCUUGC 110 GCCTGTACA 1047 CCTGTACA 1984 CTGTACA 2921 hsa-let-7i UGAGGUAGUAGUUUGUGCUGUU 111 TACTACCTC 1048 ACTACCTC 1985 CTACCTC 2922 hsa-let-7i* CUGCGCAAGCUACUGCCUUGCU 112 GCTTGCGCA 1049 CTTGCGCA 1986 TTGCGCA 2923 hsa-miR-1 UGGAAUGUAAAGAAGUAUGUAU 113 TTACATTCC 1050 TACATTCC 1987 ACATTCC 2924 hsa-miR-100 AACCCGUAGAUCCGAACUUGUG 114 TCTACGGGT 1051 CTACGGGT 1988 TACGGGT 2925 hsa-miR-100* CAAGCUUGUAUCUAUAGGUAUG 115 TACAAGCTT 1052 ACAAGCTT 1989 CAAGCTT 2926 hsa-miR-101 UACAGUACUGUGAUAACUGAA 116 CAGTACTGT 1053 AGTACTGT 1990 GTACTGT 2927 hsa-miR-101* CAGUUAUCACAGUGCUGAUGCU 117 GTGATAACT 1054 TGATAACT 1991 GATAACT 2928 hsa-miR-103 AGCAGCAUUGUACAGGGCUAUGA 118 CAATGCTGC 1055 AATGCTGC 1992 ATGCTGC 2929 hsa-miR-103-as UCAUAGCCCUGUACAAUGCUGCU 119 AGGGCTATG 1056 GGGCTATG 1993 GGCTATG 2930 hsa-miR-105 UCAAAUGCUCAGACUCCUGUGGU 120 GAGCATTTG 1057 AGCATTTG 1994 GCATTTG 2931 hsa-miR-105* ACGGAUGUUUGAGCAUGUGCUA 121 AAACATCCG 1058 AACATCCG 1995 ACATCCG 2932 hsa-miR-106a AAAAGUGCUUACAGUGCAGGUAG 122 AAGCACTTT 1059 AGCACTTT 1996 GCACTTT 2933 hsa-miR-106a* CUGCAAUGUAAGCACUUCUUAC 123 TACATTGCA 1060 ACATTGCA 1997 CATTGCA 2934 hsa-miR-106b UAAAGUGCUGACAGUGCAGAU 124 CAGCACTTT 1061 AGCACTTT 1998 GCACTTT 2935 hsa-miR-106b* CCGCACUGUGGGUACUUGCUGC 125 CACAGTGCG 1062 ACAGTGCG 1999 CAGTGCG 2936 hsa-miR-107 AGCAGCAUUGUACAGGGCUAUCA 126 CAATGCTGC 1063 AATGCTGC 2000 ATGCTGC 2937 hsa-miR-10a UACCCUGUAGAUCCGAAUUUGUG 127 CTACAGGGT 1064 TACAGGGT 2001 ACAGGGT 2938 hsa-miR-10a* CAAAUUCGUAUCUAGGGGAAUA 128 TACGAATTT 1065 ACGAATTT 2002 CGAATTT 2939 hsa-miR-10b UACCCUGUAGAACCGAAUUUGUG 129 CTACAGGGT 1066 TACAGGGT 2003 ACAGGGT 2940 hsa-miR-10b* ACAGAUUCGAUUCUAGGGGAAU 130 TCGAATCTG 1067 CGAATCTG 2004 GAATCTG 2941 hsa-miR-1178 UUGCUCACUGUUCUUCCCUAG 131 CAGTGAGCA 1068 AGTGAGCA 2005 GTGAGCA 2942 hsa-miR-1179 AAGCAUUCUUUCAUUGGUUGG 132 AAGAATGCT 1069 AGAATGCT 2006 GAATGCT 2943 hsa-miR-1180 UUUCCGGCUCGCGUGGGUGUGU 133 GAGCCGGAA 1070 AGCCGGAA 2007 GCCGGAA 2944 hsa-miR-1181 CCGUCGCCGCCACCCGAGCCG 134 GCGGCGACG 1071 CGGCGACG 2008 GGCGACG 2945 hsa-miR-1182 GAGGGUCUUGGGAGGGAUGUGAC 135 CAAGACCCT 1072 AAGACCCT 2009 AGACCCT 2946 hsa-miR-1183 CACUGUAGGUGAUGGUGAGAGUGGGCA 136 ACCTACAGT 1073 CCTACAGT 2010 CTACAGT 2947 hsa-miR-1184 CCUGCAGCGACUUGAUGGCUUCC 137 TCGCTGCAG 1074 CGCTGCAG 2011 GCTGCAG 2948 hsa-miR-1185 AGAGGAUACCCUUUGUAUGUU 138 GGTATCCTC 1075 GTATCCTC 2012 TATCCTC 2949 hsa-miR-1197 UAGGACACAUGGUCUACUUCU 139 ATGTGTCCT 1076 TGTGTCCT 2013 GTGTCCT 2950 hsa-miR-1200 CUCCUGAGCCAUUCUGAGCCUC 140 GGCTCAGGA 1077 GCTCAGGA 2014 CTCAGGA 2951 hsa-miR-1201 AGCCUGAUUAAACACAUGCUCUGA 141 TAATCAGGC 1078 AATCAGGC 2015 ATCAGGC 2952 hsa-miR-1202 GUGCCAGCUGCAGUGGGGGAG 142 CAGCTGGCA 1079 AGCTGGCA 2016 GCTGGCA 2953 hsa-miR-1203 CCCGGAGCCAGGAUGCAGCUC 143 TGGCTCCGG 1080 GGCTCCGG 2017 GCTCCGG 2954 hsa-miR-1204 UCGUGGCCUGGUCUCCAUUAU 144 CAGGCCACG 1081 AGGCCACG 2018 GGCCACG 2955 hsa-miR-1205 UCUGCAGGGUUUGCUUUGAG 145 ACCCTGCAG 1082 CCCTGCAG 2019 CCTGCAG 2956 hsa-miR-1206 UGUUCAUGUAGAUGUUUAAGC 146 TACATGAAC 1083 ACATGAAC 2020 CATGAAC 2957 hsa-miR-1207-3p UCAGCUGGCCCUCAUUUC 147 GGCCAGCTG 1084 GCCAGCTG 2021 CCAGCTG 2958 hsa-miR-1207-5p UGGCAGGGAGGCUGGGAGGGG 148 CTCCCTGCC 1085 TCCCTGCC 2022 CCCTGCC 2959 hsa-miR-1208 UCACUGUUCAGACAGGCGGA 149 TGAACAGTG 1086 GAACAGTG 2023 AACAGTG 2960 hsa-miR-122 UGGAGUGUGACAAUGGUGUUUG 150 TCACACTCC 1087 CACACTCC 2024 ACACTCC 2961 hsa-miR-122* AACGCCAUUAUCACACUAAAUA 151 TAATGGCGT 1088 AATGGCGT 2025 ATGGCGT 2962 hsa-miR-1224-3p CCCCACCUCCUCUCUCCUCAG 152 GGAGGTGGG 1089 GAGGTGGG 2026 AGGTGGG 2963 hsa-miR-1224-5p GUGAGGACUCGGGAGGUGG 153 GAGTCCTCA 1090 AGTCCTCA 2027 GTCCTCA 2964 hsa-miR-1225-3p UGAGCCCCUGUGCCGCCCCCAG 154 CAGGGGCTC 1091 AGGGGCTC 2028 GGGGCTC 2965 hsa-miR-1225-5p GUGGGUACGGCCCAGUGGGGGG 155 CCGTACCCA 1092 CGTACCCA 2029 GTACCCA 2966 hsa-miR-1226 UCACCAGCCCUGUGUUCCCUAG 156 GGGCTGGTG 1093 GGCTGGTG 2030 GCTGGTG 2967 hsa-miR-1226* GUGAGGGCAUGCAGGCCUGGAUGGGG 157 ATGCCCTCA 1094 TGCCCTCA 2031 GCCCTCA 2968 hsa-miR-1227 CGUGCCACCCUUUUCCCCAG 158 GGGTGGCAC 1095 GGTGGCAC 2032 GTGGCAC 2969 hsa-miR-1228 UCACACCUGCCUCGCCCCCC 159 GCAGGTGTG 1096 CAGGTGTG 2033 AGGTGTG 2970 hsa-miR-1228* GUGGGCGGGGGCAGGUGUGUG 160 CCCCGCCCA 1097 CCCGCCCA 2034 CCGCCCA 2971 hsa-miR-1229 CUCUCACCACUGCCCUCCCACAG 161 GTGGTGAGA 1098 TGGTGAGA 2035 GGTGAGA 2972 hsa-miR-1231 GUGUCUGGGCGGACAGCUGC 162 GCCCAGACA 1099 CCCAGACA 2036 CCAGACA 2973 hsa-miR-1233 UGAGCCCUGUCCUCCCGCAG 163 ACAGGGCTC 1100 CAGGGCTC 2037 AGGGCTC 2974 hsa-miR-1234 UCGGCCUGACCACCCACCCCAC 164 GTCAGGCCG 1101 TCAGGCCG 2038 CAGGCCG 2975 hsa-miR-1236 CCUCUUCCCCUUGUCUCUCCAG 165 GGGGAAGAG 1102 GGGAAGAG 2039 GGAAGAG 2976 hsa-miR-1237 UCCUUCUGCUCCGUCCCCCAG 166 AGCAGAAGG 1103 GCAGAAGG 2040 CAGAAGG 2977 hsa-miR-1238 CUUCCUCGUCUGUCUGCCCC 167 GACGAGGAA 1104 ACGAGGAA 2041 CGAGGAA 2978 hsa-miR-124 UAAGGCACGCGGUGAAUGCC 168 GCGTGCCTT 1105 CGTGCCTT 2042 GTGCCTT 2979 hsa-miR-124* CGUGUUCACAGCGGACCUUGAU 169 TGTGAACAC 1106 GTGAACAC 2043 TGAACAC 2980 hsa-miR-1243 AACUGGAUCAAUUAUAGGAGUG 170 TGATCCAGT 1107 GATCCAGT 2044 ATCCAGT 2981 hsa-miR-1244 AAGUAGUUGGUUUGUAUGAGAUGGUU 171 CCAACTACT 1108 CAACTACT 2045 AACTACT 2982 hsa-miR-1245 AAGUGAUCUAAAGGCCUACAU 172 TAGATCACT 1109 AGATCACT 2046 GATCACT 2983 hsa-miR-1246 AAUGGAUUUUUGGAGCAGG 173 AAAATCCAT 1110 AAATCCAT 2047 AATCCAT 2984 hsa-miR-1247 ACCCGUCCCGUUCGUCCCCGGA 174 CGGGACGGG 1111 GGGACGGG 2048 GGACGGG 2985 hsa-miR-1248 ACCUUCUUGUAUAAGCACUGUGCUAAA 175 ACAAGAAGG 1112 CAAGAAGG 2049 AAGAAGG 2986 hsa-miR-1249 ACGCCCUUCCCCCCCUUCUUCA 176 GGAAGGGCG 1113 GAAGGGCG 2050 AAGGGCG 2987 hsa-miR-1250 ACGGUGCUGGAUGUGGCCUUU 177 CCAGCACCG 1114 CAGCACCG 2051 AGCACCG 2988 hsa-miR-1251 ACUCUAGCUGCCAAAGGCGCU 178 CAGCTAGAG 1115 AGCTAGAG 2052 GCTAGAG 2989 hsa-miR-1252 AGAAGGAAAUUGAAUUCAUUUA 179 ATTTCCTTC 1116 TTTCCTTC 2053 TTCCTTC 2990 hsa-miR-1253 AGAGAAGAAGAUCAGCCUGCA 180 CTTCTTCTC 1117 TTCTTCTC 2054 TCTTCTC 2991 hsa-miR-1254 AGCCUGGAAGCUGGAGCCUGCAGU 181 CTTCCAGGC 1118 TTCCAGGC 2055 TCCAGGC 2992 hsa-miR-1255a AGGAUGAGCAAAGAAAGUAGAUU 182 TGCTCATCC 1119 GCTCATCC 2056 CTCATCC 2993 hsa-miR-1255b CGGAUGAGCAAAGAAAGUGGUU 183 TGCTCATCC 1120 GCTCATCC 2057 CTCATCC 2994 hsa-miR-1256 AGGCAUUGACUUCUCACUAGCU 184 GTCAATGCC 1121 TCAATGCC 2058 CAATGCC 2995 hsa-miR-1257 AGUGAAUGAUGGGUUCUGACC 185 ATCATTCAC 1122 TCATTCAC 2059 CATTCAC 2996 hsa-miR-1258 AGUUAGGAUUAGGUCGUGGAA 186 AATCCTAAC 1123 ATCCTAAC 2060 TCCTAAC 2997 hsa-miR-1259 AUAUAUGAUGACUUAGCUUUU 187 CATCATATA 1124 ATCATATA 2061 TCATATA 2998 hsa-miR-125a-3p ACAGGUGAGGUUCUUGGGAGCC 188 CCTCACCTG 1125 CTCACCTG 2062 TCACCTG 2999 hsa-miR-125a-5p UCCCUGAGACCCUUUAACCUGUGA 189 GTCTCAGGG 1126 TCTCAGGG 2063 CTCAGGG 3000 hsa-miR-125b UCCCUGAGACCCUAACUUGUGA 190 GTCTCAGGG 1127 TCTCAGGG 2064 CTCAGGG 3001 hsa-miR-125b-1* ACGGGUUAGGCUCUUGGGAGCU 191 CCTAACCCG 1128 CTAACCCG 2065 TAACCCG 3002 hsa-miR-125b-2* UCACAAGUCAGGCUCUUGGGAC 192 TGACTTGTG 1129 GACTTGTG 2066 ACTTGTG 3003 hsa-miR-126 UCGUACCGUGAGUAAUAAUGCG 193 CACGGTACG 1130 ACGGTACG 2067 CGGTACG 3004 hsa-miR-126* CAUUAUUACUUUUGGUACGCG 194 AGTAATAAT 1131 GTAATAAT 2068 TAATAAT 3005 hsa-miR-1260 AUCCCACCUCUGCCACCA 195 GAGGTGGGA 1132 AGGTGGGA 2069 GGTGGGA 3006 hsa-miR-1261 AUGGAUAAGGCUUUGGCUU 196 CCTTATCCA 1133 CTTATCCA 2070 TTATCCA 3007 hsa-miR-1262 AUGGGUGAAUUUGUAGAAGGAU 197 ATTCACCCA 1134 TTCACCCA 2071 TCACCCA 3008 hsa-miR-1263 AUGGUACCCUGGCAUACUGAGU 198 AGGGTACCA 1135 GGGTACCA 2072 GGTACCA 3009 hsa-miR-1264 CAAGUCUUAUUUGAGCACCUGUU 199 ATAAGACTT 1136 TAAGACTT 2073 AAGACTT 3010 hsa-miR-1265 CAGGAUGUGGUCAAGUGUUGUU 200 CCACATCCT 1137 CACATCCT 2074 ACATCCT 3011 hsa-miR-1266 CCUCAGGGCUGUAGAACAGGGCU 201 AGCCCTGAG 1138 GCCCTGAG 2075 CCCTGAG 3012 hsa-miR-1267 CCUGUUGAAGUGUAAUCCCCA 202 CTTCAACAG 1139 TTCAACAG 2076 TCAACAG 3013 hsa-miR-1268 CGGGCGUGGUGGUGGGGG 203 ACCACGCCC 1140 CCACGCCC 2077 CACGCCC 3014 hsa-miR-1269 CUGGACUGAGCCGUGCUACUGG 204 CTCAGTCCA 1141 TCAGTCCA 2078 CAGTCCA 3015 hsa-miR-127-3p UCGGAUCCGUCUGAGCUUGGCU 205 ACGGATCCG 1142 CGGATCCG 2079 GGATCCG 3016 hsa-miR-127-5p CUGAAGCUCAGAGGGCUCUGAU 206 TGAGCTTCA 1143 GAGCTTCA 2080 AGCTTCA 3017 hsa-miR-1270 CUGGAGAUAUGGAAGAGCUGUGU 207 ATATCTCCA 1144 TATCTCCA 2081 ATCTCCA 3018 hsa-miR-1271 CUUGGCACCUAGCAAGCACUCA 208 AGGTGCCAA 1145 GGTGCCAA 2082 GTGCCAA 3019 hsa-miR-1272 GAUGAUGAUGGCAGCAAAUUCUGAAA 209 CATCATCAT 1146 ATCATCAT 2083 TCATCAT 3020 hsa-miR-1273 GGGCGACAAAGCAAGACUCUUUCUU 210 TTTGTCGCC 1147 TTGTCGCC 2084 TGTCGCC 3021 hsa-miR-1274a GUCCCUGUUCAGGCGCCA 211 GAACAGGGA 1148 AACAGGGA 2085 ACAGGGA 3022 hsa-miR-1274b UCCCUGUUCGGGCGCCA 212 CGAACAGGG 1149 GAACAGGG 2086 AACAGGG 3023 hsa-miR-1275 GUGGGGGAGAGGCUGUC 213 TCTCCCCCA 1150 CTCCCCCA 2087 TCCCCCA 3024 hsa-miR-1276 UAAAGAGCCCUGUGGAGACA 214 GGGCTCTTT 1151 GGCTCTTT 2088 GCTCTTT 3025 hsa-miR-1277 UACGUAGAUAUAUAUGUAUUUU 215 TATCTACGT 1152 ATCTACGT 2089 TCTACGT 3026 hsa-miR-1278 UAGUACUGUGCAUAUCAUCUAU 216 CACAGTACT 1153 ACAGTACT 2090 CAGTACT 3027 hsa-miR-1279 UCAUAUUGCUUCUUUCU 217 AGCAATATG 1154 GCAATATG 2091 CAATATG 3028 hsa-miR-128 UCACAGUGAACCGGUCUCUUU 218 TTCACTGTG 1155 TCACTGTG 2092 CACTGTG 3029 hsa-miR-1280 UCCCACCGCUGCCACCC 219 AGCGGTGGG 1156 GCGGTGGG 2093 CGGTGGG 3030 hsa-miR-1281 UCGCCUCCUCCUCUCCC 220 GAGGAGGCG 1157 AGGAGGCG 2094 GGAGGCG 3031 hsa-miR-1282 UCGUUUGCCUUUUUCUGCUU 221 AGGCAAACG 1158 GGCAAACG 2095 GCAAACG 3032 hsa-miR-1283 UCUACAAAGGAAAGCGCUUUCU 222 CCTTTGTAG 1159 CTTTGTAG 2096 TTTGTAG 3033 hsa-miR-1284 UCUAUACAGACCCUGGCUUUUC 223 TCTGTATAG 1160 CTGTATAG 2097 TGTATAG 3034 hsa-miR-1285 UCUGGGCAACAAAGUGAGACCU 224 GTTGCCCAG 1161 TTGCCCAG 2098 TGCCCAG 3035 hsa-miR-1286 UGCAGGACCAAGAUGAGCCCU 225 TGGTCCTGC 1162 GGTCCTGC 2099 GTCCTGC 3036 hsa-miR-1287 UGCUGGAUCAGUGGUUCGAGUC 226 TGATCCAGC 1163 GATCCAGC 2100 ATCCAGC 3037 hsa-miR-1288 UGGACUGCCCUGAUCUGGAGA 227 GGGCAGTCC 1164 GGCAGTCC 2101 GCAGTCC 3038 hsa-miR-1289 UGGAGUCCAGGAAUCUGCAUUUU 228 CTGGACTCC 1165 TGGACTCC 2102 GGACTCC 3039 hsa-miR-129* AAGCCCUUACCCCAAAAAGUAU 229 GTAAGGGCT 1166 TAAGGGCT 2103 AAGGGCT 3040 hsa-miR-129-3p AAGCCCUUACCCCAAAAAGCAU 230 GTAAGGGCT 1167 TAAGGGCT 2104 AAGGGCT 3041 hsa-miR-129-5p CUUUUUGCGGUCUGGGCUUGC 231 CCGCAAAAA 1168 CGCAAAAA 2105 GCAAAAA 3042 hsa-miR-1290 UGGAUUUUUGGAUCAGGGA 232 CAAAAATCC 1169 AAAAATCC 2106 AAAATCC 3043 hsa-miR-1291 UGGCCCUGACUGAAGACCAGCAGU 233 GTCAGGGCC 1170 TCAGGGCC 2107 CAGGGCC 3044 hsa-miR-1292 UGGGAACGGGUUCCGGCAGACGCUG 234 CCCGTTCCC 1171 CCGTTCCC 2108 CGTTCCC 3045 hsa-miR-1293 UGGGUGGUCUGGAGAUUUGUGC 235 AGACCACCC 1172 GACCACCC 2109 ACCACCC 3046 hsa-miR-1294 UGUGAGGUUGGCAUUGUUGUCU 236 CAACCTCAC 1173 AACCTCAC 2110 ACCTCAC 3047 hsa-miR-1295 UUAGGCCGCAGAUCUGGGUGA 237 TGCGGCCTA 1174 GCGGCCTA 2111 CGGCCTA 3048 hsa-miR-1296 UUAGGGCCCUGGCUCCAUCUCC 238 AGGGCCCTA 1175 GGGCCCTA 2112 GGCCCTA 3049 hsa-miR-1297 UUCAAGUAAUUCAGGUG 239 ATTACTTGA 1176 TTACTTGA 2113 TACTTGA 3050 hsa-miR-1298 UUCAUUCGGCUGUCCAGAUGUA 240 GCCGAATGA 1177 CCGAATGA 2114 CGAATGA 3051 hsa-miR-1299 UUCUGGAAUUCUGUGUGAGGGA 241 AATTCCAGA 1178 ATTCCAGA 2115 TTCCAGA 3052 hsa-miR-1300 UUGAGAAGGAGGCUGCUG 242 TCCTTCTCA 1179 CCTTCTCA 2116 CTTCTCA 3053 hsa-miR-1301 UUGCAGCUGCCUGGGAGUGACUUC 243 GCAGCTGCA 1180 CAGCTGCA 2117 AGCTGCA 3054 hsa-miR-1302 UUGGGACAUACUUAUGCUAAA 244 TATGTCCCA 1181 ATGTCCCA 2118 TGTCCCA 3055 hsa-miR-1303 UUUAGAGACGGGGUCUUGCUCU 245 CGTCTCTAA 1182 GTCTCTAA 2119 TCTCTAA 3056 hsa-miR-1304 UUUGAGGCUACAGUGAGAUGUG 246 TAGCCTCAA 1183 AGCCTCAA 2120 GCCTCAA 3057 hsa-miR-1305 UUUUCAACUCUAAUGGGAGAGA 247 GAGTTGAAA 1184 AGTTGAAA 2121 GTTGAAA 3058 hsa-miR-1306 ACGUUGGCUCUGGUGGUG 248 GAGCCAACG 1185 AGCCAACG 2122 GCCAACG 3059 hsa-miR-1307 ACUCGGCGUGGCGUCGGUCGUG 249 CACGCCGAG 1186 ACGCCGAG 2123 CGCCGAG 3060 hsa-miR-1308 GCAUGGGUGGUUCAGUGG 250 CCACCCATG 1187 CACCCATG 2124 ACCCATG 3061 hsa-miR-130a CAGUGCAAUGUUAAAAGGGCAU 251 CATTGCACT 1188 ATTGCACT 2125 TTGCACT 3062 hsa-miR-130a* UUCACAUUGUGCUACUGUCUGC 252 ACAATGTGA 1189 CAATGTGA 2126 AATGTGA 3063 hsa-miR-130b CAGUGCAAUGAUGAAAGGGCAU 253 CATTGCACT 1190 ATTGCACT 2127 TTGCACT 3064 hsa-miR-130b* ACUCUUUCCCUGUUGCACUAC 254 GGGAAAGAG 1191 GGAAAGAG 2128 GAAAGAG 3065 hsa-miR-132 UAACAGUCUACAGCCAUGGUCG 255 TAGACTGTT 1192 AGACTGTT 2129 GACTGTT 3066 hsa-miR-132* ACCGUGGCUUUCGAUUGUUACU 256 AAGCCACGG 1193 AGCCACGG 2130 GCCACGG 3067 hsa-miR-1321 CAGGGAGGUGAAUGUGAU 257 CACCTCCCT 1194 ACCTCCCT 2131 CCTCCCT 3068 hsa-miR-1322 GAUGAUGCUGCUGAUGCUG 258 CAGCATCAT 1195 AGCATCAT 2132 GCATCAT 3069 hsa-miR-1323 UCAAAACUGAGGGGCAUUUUCU 259 TCAGTTTTG 1196 CAGTTTTG 2133 AGTTTTG 3070 hsa-miR-1324 CCAGACAGAAUUCUAUGCACUUUC 260 TTCTGTCTG 1197 TCTGTCTG 2134 CTGTCTG 3071 hsa-miR-133a UUUGGUCCCCUUCAACCAGCUG 261 GGGGACCAA 1198 GGGACCAA 2135 GGACCAA 3072 hsa-miR-133b UUUGGUCCCCUUCAACCAGCUA 262 GGGGACCAA 1199 GGGACCAA 2136 GGACCAA 3073 hsa-miR-134 UGUGACUGGUUGACCAGAGGGG 263 ACCAGTCAC 1200 CCAGTCAC 2137 CAGTCAC 3074 hsa-miR-135a UAUGGCUUUUUAUUCCUAUGUGA 264 AAAAGCCAT 1201 AAAGCCAT 2138 AAGCCAT 3075 hsa-miR-135a* UAUAGGGAUUGGAGCCGUGGCG 265 AATCCCTAT 1202 ATCCCTAT 2139 TCCCTAT 3076 hsa-miR-135b UAUGGCUUUUCAUUCCUAUGUGA 266 AAAAGCCAT 1203 AAAGCCAT 2140 AAGCCAT 3077 hsa-miR-135b* AUGUAGGGCUAAAAGCCAUGGG 267 AGCCCTACA 1204 GCCCTACA 2141 CCCTACA 3078 hsa-miR-136 ACUCCAUUUGUUUUGAUGAUGGA 268 CAAATGGAG 1205 AAATGGAG 2142 AATGGAG 3079 hsa-miR-136* CAUCAUCGUCUCAAAUGAGUCU 269 GACGATGAT 1206 ACGATGAT 2143 CGATGAT 3080 hsa-miR-137 UUAUUGCUUAAGAAUACGCGUAG 270 TAAGCAATA 1207 AAGCAATA 2144 AGCAATA 3081 hsa-miR-138 AGCUGGUGUUGUGAAUCAGGCCG 271 AACACCAGC 1208 ACACCAGC 2145 CACCAGC 3082 hsa-miR-138-1* GCUACUUCACAACACCAGGGCC 272 GTGAAGTAG 1209 TGAAGTAG 2146 GAAGTAG 3083 hsa-miR-138-2* GCUAUUUCACGACACCAGGGUU 273 GTGAAATAG 1210 TGAAATAG 2147 GAAATAG 3084 hsa-miR-139-3p GGAGACGCGGCCCUGUUGGAGU 274 CCGCGTCTC 1211 CGCGTCTC 2148 GCGTCTC 3085 hsa-miR-139-5p UCUACAGUGCACGUGUCUCCAG 275 GCACTGTAG 1212 CACTGTAG 2149 ACTGTAG 3086 hsa-miR-140-3p UACCACAGGGUAGAACCACGG 276 CCCTGTGGT 1213 CCTGTGGT 2150 CTGTGGT 3087 hsa-miR-140-5p CAGUGGUUUUACCCUAUGGUAG 277 AAAACCACT 1214 AAACCACT 2151 AACCACT 3088 hsa-miR-141 UAACACUGUCUGGUAAAGAUGG 278 GACAGTGTT 1215 ACAGTGTT 2152 CAGTGTT 3089 hsa-miR-141* CAUCUUCCAGUACAGUGUUGGA 279 CTGGAAGAT 1216 TGGAAGAT 2153 GGAAGAT 3090 hsa-miR-142-3p UGUAGUGUUUCCUACUUUAUGGA 280 AAACACTAC 1217 AACACTAC 2154 ACACTAC 3091 hsa-miR-142-5p CAUAAAGUAGAAAGCACUACU 281 CTACTTTAT 1218 TACTTTAT 2155 ACTTTAT 3092 hsa-miR-143 UGAGAUGAAGCACUGUAGCUC 282 CTTCATCTC 1219 TTCATCTC 2156 TCATCTC 3093 hsa-miR-143* GGUGCAGUGCUGCAUCUCUGGU 283 GCACTGCAC 1220 CACTGCAC 2157 ACTGCAC 3094 hsa-miR-144 UACAGUAUAGAUGAUGUACU 284 CTATACTGT 1221 TATACTGT 2158 ATACTGT 3095 hsa-miR-144* GGAUAUCAUCAUAUACUGUAAG 285 GATGATATC 1222 ATGATATC 2159 TGATATC 3096 hsa-miR-145 GUCCAGUUUUCCCAGGAAUCCCU 286 AAAACTGGA 1223 AAACTGGA 2160 AACTGGA 3097 hsa-miR-145* GGAUUCCUGGAAAUACUGUUCU 287 CCAGGAATC 1224 CAGGAATC 2161 AGGAATC 3098 hsa-miR-1468 CUCCGUUUGCCUGUUUCGCUG 288 GCAAACGGA 1225 CAAACGGA 2162 AAACGGA 3099 hsa-miR-1469 CUCGGCGCGGGGCGCGGGCUCC 289 CCGCGCCGA 1226 CGCGCCGA 2163 GCGCCGA 3100 hsa-miR-146a UGAGAACUGAAUUCCAUGGGUU 290 TCAGTTCTC 1227 CAGTTCTC 2164 AGTTCTC 3101 hsa-miR-146a* CCUCUGAAAUUCAGUUCUUCAG 291 ATTTCAGAG 1228 TTTCAGAG 2165 TTCAGAG 3102 hsa-miR-146b-3p UGCCCUGUGGACUCAGUUCUGG 292 CCACAGGGC 1229 CACAGGGC 2166 ACAGGGC 3103 hsa-miR-146b-5p UGAGAACUGAAUUCCAUAGGCU 293 TCAGTTCTC 1230 CAGTTCTC 2167 AGTTCTC 3104 hsa-miR-147 GUGUGUGGAAAUGCUUCUGC 294 TTCCACACA 1231 TCCACACA 2168 CCACACA 3105 hsa-miR-1470 GCCCUCCGCCCGUGCACCCCG 295 GGCGGAGGG 1232 GCGGAGGG 2169 CGGAGGG 3106 hsa-miR-1471 GCCCGCGUGUGGAGCCAGGUGU 296 ACACGCGGG 1233 CACGCGGG 2170 ACGCGGG 3107 hsa-miR-147b GUGUGCGGAAAUGCUUCUGCUA 297 TTCCGCACA 1234 TCCGCACA 2171 CCGCACA 3108 hsa-miR-148a UCAGUGCACUACAGAACUUUGU 298 AGTGCACTG 1235 GTGCACTG 2172 TGCACTG 3109 hsa-miR-148a* AAAGUUCUGAGACACUCCGACU 299 TCAGAACTT 1236 CAGAACTT 2173 AGAACTT 3110 hsa-miR-148b UCAGUGCAUCACAGAACUUUGU 300 GATGCACTG 1237 ATGCACTG 2174 TGCACTG 3111 hsa-miR-148b* AAGUUCUGUUAUACACUCAGGC 301 AACAGAACT 1238 ACAGAACT 2175 CAGAACT 3112 hsa-miR-149 UCUGGCUCCGUGUCUUCACUCCC 302 CGGAGCCAG 1239 GGAGCCAG 2176 GAGCCAG 3113 hsa-miR-149* AGGGAGGGACGGGGGCUGUGC 303 GTCCCTCCC 1240 TCCCTCCC 2177 CCCTCCC 3114 hsa-miR-150 UCUCCCAACCCUUGUACCAGUG 304 GGTTGGGAG 1241 GTTGGGAG 2178 TTGGGAG 3115 hsa-miR-150* CUGGUACAGGCCUGGGGGACAG 305 CCTGTACCA 1242 CTGTACCA 2179 TGTACCA 3116 hsa-miR-151-3p CUAGACUGAAGCUCCUUGAGG 306 TTCAGTCTA 1243 TCAGTCTA 2180 CAGTCTA 3117 hsa-miR-151-5p UCGAGGAGCUCACAGUCUAGU 307 AGCTCCTCG 1244 GCTCCTCG 2181 CTCCTCG 3118 hsa-miR-152 UCAGUGCAUGACAGAACUUGG 308 CATGCACTG 1245 ATGCACTG 2182 TGCACTG 3119 hsa-miR-153 UUGCAUAGUCACAAAAGUGAUC 309 GACTATGCA 1246 ACTATGCA 2183 CTATGCA 3120 hsa-miR-1537 AAAACCGUCUAGUUACAGUUGU 310 AGACGGTTT 1247 GACGGTTT 2184 ACGGTTT 3121 hsa-miR-1538 CGGCCCGGGCUGCUGCUGUUCCU 311 GCCCGGGCC 1248 CCCGGGCC 2185 CCGGGCC 3122 hsa-miR-1539 UCCUGCGCGUCCCAGAUGCCC 312 ACGCGCAGG 1249 CGCGCAGG 2186 GCGCAGG 3123 hsa-miR-154 UAGGUUAUCCGUGUUGCCUUCG 313 GGATAACCT 1250 GATAACCT 2187 ATAACCT 3124 hsa-miR-154* AAUCAUACACGGUUGACCUAUU 314 GTGTATGAT 1251 TGTATGAT 2188 GTATGAT 3125 hsa-miR-155 UUAAUGCUAAUCGUGAUAGGGGU 315 TTAGCATTA 1252 TAGCATTA 2189 AGCATTA 3126 hsa-miR-155* CUCCUACAUAUUAGCAUUAACA 316 TATGTAGGA 1253 ATGTAGGA 2190 TGTAGGA 3127 hsa-miR-15a UAGCAGCACAUAAUGGUUUGUG 317 TGTGCTGCT 1254 GTGCTGCT 2191 TGCTGCT 3128 hsa-miR-15a* CAGGCCAUAUUGUGCUGCCUCA 318 ATATGGCCT 1255 TATGGCCT 2192 ATGGCCT 3129 hsa-miR-15b UAGCAGCACAUCAUGGUUUACA 319 TGTGCTGCT 1256 GTGCTGCT 2193 TGCTGCT 3130 hsa-miR-15b* CGAAUCAUUAUUUGCUGCUCUA 320 TAATGATTC 1257 AATGATTC 2194 ATGATTC 3131 hsa-miR-16 UAGCAGCACGUAAAUAUUGGCG 321 CGTGCTGCT 1258 GTGCTGCT 2195 TGCTGCT 3132 hsa-miR-16-1* CCAGUAUUAACUGUGCUGCUGA 322 TTAATACTG 1259 TAATACTG 2196 AATACTG 3133 hsa-miR-16-2* CCAAUAUUACUGUGCUGCUUUA 323 GTAATATTG 1260 TAATATTG 2197 AATATTG 3134 hsa-miR-17 CAAAGUGCUUACAGUGCAGGUAG 324 AAGCACTTT 1261 AGCACTTT 2198 GCACTTT 3135 hsa-miR-17* ACUGCAGUGAAGGCACUUGUAG 325 TCACTGCAG 1262 CACTGCAG 2199 ACTGCAG 3136 hsa-miR-181a AACAUUCAACGCUGUCGGUGAGU 326 GTTGAATGT 1263 TTGAATGT 2200 TGAATGT 3137 hsa-miR-181a* ACCAUCGACCGUUGAUUGUACC 327 GGTCGATGG 1264 GTCGATGG 2201 TCGATGG 3138 hsa-miR-181a-2* ACCACUGACCGUUGACUGUACC 328 GGTCAGTGG 1265 GTCAGTGG 2202 TCAGTGG 3139 hsa-miR-181b AACAUUCAUUGCUGUCGGUGGGU 329 AATGAATGT 1266 ATGAATGT 2203 TGAATGT 3140 hsa-miR-181c AACAUUCAACCUGUCGGUGAGU 330 GTTGAATGT 1267 TTGAATGT 2204 TGAATGT 3141 hsa-miR-181c* AACCAUCGACCGUUGAGUGGAC 331 GTCGATGGT 1268 TCGATGGT 2205 CGATGGT 3142 hsa-miR-181d AACAUUCAUUGUUGUCGGUGGGU 332 AATGAATGT 1269 ATGAATGT 2206 TGAATGT 3143 hsa-miR-182 UUUGGCAAUGGUAGAACUCACACU 333 CATTGCCAA 1270 ATTGCCAA 2207 TTGCCAA 3144 hsa-miR-182* UGGUUCUAGACUUGCCAACUA 334 TCTAGAACC 1271 CTAGAACC 2208 TAGAACC 3145 hsa-miR-1825 UCCAGUGCCCUCCUCUCC 335 GGGCACTGG 1272 GGCACTGG 2209 GCACTGG 3146 hsa-miR-1826 AUUGAUCAUCGACACUUCGAACGCAAU 336 GATGATCAA 1273 ATGATCAA 2210 TGATCAA 3147 hsa-miR-1827 UGAGGCAGUAGAUUGAAU 337 TACTGCCTC 1274 ACTGCCTC 2211 CTGCCTC 3148 hsa-miR-183 UAUGGCACUGGUAGAAUUCACU 338 CAGTGCCAT 1275 AGTGCCAT 2212 GTGCCAT 3149 hsa-miR-183* GUGAAUUACCGAAGGGCCAUAA 339 GGTAATTCA 1276 GTAATTCA 2213 TAATTCA 3150 hsa-miR-184 UGGACGGAGAACUGAUAAGGGU 340 TCTCCGTCC 1277 CTCCGTCC 2214 TCCGTCC 3151 hsa-miR-185 UGGAGAGAAAGGCAGUUCCUGA 341 TTTCTCTCC 1278 TTCTCTCC 2215 TCTCTCC 3152 hsa-miR-185* AGGGGCUGGCUUUCCUCUGGUC 342 GCCAGCCCC 1279 CCAGCCCC 2216 CAGCCCC 3153 hsa-miR-186 CAAAGAAUUCUCCUUUUGGGCU 343 GAATTCTTT 1280 AATTCTTT 2217 ATTCTTT 3154 hsa-miR-186* GCCCAAAGGUGAAUUUUUUGGG 344 ACCTTTGGG 1281 CCTTTGGG 2218 CTTTGGG 3155 hsa-miR-187 UCGUGUCUUGUGUUGCAGCCGG 345 CAAGACACG 1282 AAGACACG 2219 AGACACG 3156 hsa-miR-187* GGCUACAACACAGGACCCGGGC 346 TGTTGTAGC 1283 GTTGTAGC 2220 TTGTAGC 3157 hsa-miR-188-3p CUCCCACAUGCAGGGUUUGCA 347 CATGTGGGA 1284 ATGTGGGA 2221 TGTGGGA 3158 hsa-miR-188-5p CAUCCCUUGCAUGGUGGAGGG 348 GCAAGGGAT 1285 CAAGGGAT 2222 AAGGGAT 3159 hsa-miR-18a UAAGGUGCAUCUAGUGCAGAUAG 349 ATGCACCTT 1286 TGCACCTT 2223 GCACCTT 3160 hsa-miR-18a* ACUGCCCUAAGUGCUCCUUCUGG 350 TTAGGGCAG 1287 TAGGGCAG 2224 AGGGCAG 3161 hsa-miR-18b UAAGGUGCAUCUAGUGCAGUUAG 351 ATGCACCTT 1288 TGCACCTT 2225 GCACCTT 3162 hsa-miR-18b* UGCCCUAAAUGCCCCUUCUGGC 352 ATTTAGGGC 1289 TTTAGGGC 2226 TTAGGGC 3163 hsa-miR-190 UGAUAUGUUUGAUAUAUUAGGU 353 AAACATATC 1290 AACATATC 2227 ACATATC 3164 hsa-miR-1908 CGGCGGGGACGGCGAUUGGUC 354 GTCCCCGCC 1291 TCCCCGCC 2228 CCCCGCC 3165 hsa-miR-1909 CGCAGGGGCCGGGUGCUCACCG 355 GGCCCCTGC 1292 GCCCCTGC 2229 CCCCTGC 3166 hsa-miR-1909* UGAGUGCCGGUGCCUGCCCUG 356 CCGGCACTC 1293 CGGCACTC 2230 GGCACTC 3167 hsa-miR-190b UGAUAUGUUUGAUAUUGGGUU 357 AAACATATC 1294 AACATATC 2231 ACATATC 3168 hsa-miR-191 CAACGGAAUCCCAAAAGCAGCUG 358 GATTCCGTT 1295 ATTCCGTT 2232 TTCCGTT 3169 hsa-miR-191* GCUGCGCUUGGAUUUCGUCCCC 359 CAAGCGCAG 1296 AAGCGCAG 2233 AGCGCAG 3170 hsa-miR-1910 CCAGUCCUGUGCCUGCCGCCU 360 ACAGGACTG 1297 CAGGACTG 2234 AGGACTG 3171 hsa-miR-1911 UGAGUACCGCCAUGUCUGUUGGG 361 GCGGTACTC 1298 CGGTACTC 2235 GGTACTC 3172 hsa-miR-1911* CACCAGGCAUUGUGGUCUCC 362 ATGCCTGGT 1299 TGCCTGGT 2236 GCCTGGT 3173 hsa-miR-1912 UACCCAGAGCAUGCAGUGUGAA 363 GCTCTGGGT 1300 CTCTGGGT 2237 TCTGGGT 3174 hsa-miR-1913 UCUGCCCCCUCCGCUGCUGCCA 364 AGGGGGCAG 1301 GGGGGCAG 2238 GGGGCAG 3175 hsa-miR-1914 CCCUGUGCCCGGCCCACUUCUG 365 GGGCACAGG 1302 GGCACAGG 2239 GCACAGG 3176 hsa-miR-1914* GGAGGGGUCCCGCACUGGGAGG 366 GGACCCCTC 1303 GACCCCTC 2240 ACCCCTC 3177 hsa-miR-1915 CCCCAGGGCGACGCGGCGGG 367 CGCCCTGGG 1304 GCCCTGGG 2241 CCCTGGG 3178 hsa-miR-1915* ACCUUGCCUUGCUGCCCGGGCC 368 AAGGCAAGG 1305 AGGCAAGG 2242 GGCAAGG 3179 hsa-miR-192 CUGACCUAUGAAUUGACAGCC 369 CATAGGTCA 1306 ATAGGTCA 2243 TAGGTCA 3180 hsa-miR-192* CUGCCAAUUCCAUAGGUCACAG 370 GAATTGGCA 1307 AATTGGCA 2244 ATTGGCA 3181 hsa-miR-193a-3p AACUGGCCUACAAAGUCCCAGU 371 TAGGCCAGT 1308 AGGCCAGT 2245 GGCCAGT 3182 hsa-miR-193a-5p UGGGUCUUUGCGGGCGAGAUGA 372 CAAAGACCC 1309 AAAGACCC 2246 AAGACCC 3183 hsa-miR-193b AACUGGCCCUCAAAGUCCCGCU 373 AGGGCCAGT 1310 GGGCCAGT 2247 GGCCAGT 3184 hsa-miR-193b* CGGGGUUUUGAGGGCGAGAUGA 374 CAAAACCCC 1311 AAAACCCC 2248 AAACCCC 3185 hsa-miR-194 UGUAACAGCAACUCCAUGUGGA 375 TGCTGTTAC 1312 GCTGTTAC 2249 CTGTTAC 3186 hsa-miR-194* CCAGUGGGGCUGCUGUUAUCUG 376 GCCCCACTG 1313 CCCCACTG 2250 CCCACTG 3187 hsa-miR-195 UAGCAGCACAGAAAUAUUGGC 377 TGTGCTGCT 1314 GTGCTGCT 2251 TGCTGCT 3188 hsa-miR-195* CCAAUAUUGGCUGUGCUGCUCC 378 CCAATATTG 1315 CAATATTG 2252 AATATTG 3189 hsa-miR-196a UAGGUAGUUUCAUGUUGUUGGG 379 AAACTACCT 1316 AACTACCT 2253 ACTACCT 3190 hsa-miR-196a* CGGCAACAAGAAACUGCCUGAG 380 CTTGTTGCC 1317 TTGTTGCC 2254 TGTTGCC 3191 hsa-miR-196b UAGGUAGUUUCCUGUUGUUGGG 381 AAACTACCT 1318 AACTACCT 2255 ACTACCT 3192 hsa-miR-197 UUCACCACCUUCUCCACCCAGC 382 AGGTGGTGA 1319 GGTGGTGA 2256 GTGGTGA 3193 hsa-miR-198 GGUCCAGAGGGGAGAUAGGUUC 383 CCTCTGGAC 1320 CTCTGGAC 2257 TCTGGAC 3194 hsa-miR-199a-5p CCCAGUGUUCAGACUACCUGUUC 384 GAACACTGG 1321 AACACTGG 2258 ACACTGG 3195 hsa-miR-199b-3p ACAGUAGUCUGCACAUUGGUUA 385 AGACTACTG 1322 GACTACTG 2259 ACTACTG 3196 hsa-miR-199b-5p CCCAGUGUUUAGACUAUCUGUUC 386 AAACACTGG 1323 AACACTGG 2260 ACACTGG 3197 hsa-miR-19a UGUGCAAAUCUAUGCAAAACUGA 387 GATTTGCAC 1324 ATTTGCAC 2261 TTTGCAC 3198 hsa-miR-19a* AGUUUUGCAUAGUUGCACUACA 388 ATGCAAAAC 1325 TGCAAAAC 2262 GCAAAAC 3199 hsa-miR-19b UGUGCAAAUCCAUGCAAAACUGA 389 GATTTGCAC 1326 ATTTGCAC 2263 TTTGCAC 3200 hsa-miR-19b-1* AGUUUUGCAGGUUUGCAUCCAGC 390 CTGCAAAAC 1327 TGCAAAAC 2264 GCAAAAC 3201 hsa-miR-19b-2* AGUUUUGCAGGUUUGCAUUUCA 391 CTGCAAAAC 1328 TGCAAAAC 2265 GCAAAAC 3202 hsa-miR-200a UAACACUGUCUGGUAACGAUGU 392 GACAGTGTT 1329 ACAGTGTT 2266 CAGTGTT 3203 hsa-miR-200a* CAUCUUACCGGACAGUGCUGGA 393 CGGTAAGAT 1330 GGTAAGAT 2267 GTAAGAT 3204 hsa-miR-200b UAAUACUGCCUGGUAAUGAUGA 394 GGCAGTATT 1331 GCAGTATT 2268 CAGTATT 3205 hsa-miR-200b* CAUCUUACUGGGCAGCAUUGGA 395 CAGTAAGAT 1332 AGTAAGAT 2269 GTAAGAT 3206 hsa-miR-200c UAAUACUGCCGGGUAAUGAUGGA 396 GGCAGTATT 1333 GCAGTATT 2270 CAGTATT 3207 hsa-miR-200c* CGUCUUACCCAGCAGUGUUUGG 397 GGGTAAGAC 1334 GGTAAGAC 2271 GTAAGAC 3208 hsa-miR-202 AGAGGUAUAGGGCAUGGGAA 398 CTATACCTC 1335 TATACCTC 2272 ATACCTC 3209 hsa-miR-202* UUCCUAUGCAUAUACUUCUUUG 399 TGCATAGGA 1336 GCATAGGA 2273 CATAGGA 3210 hsa-miR-203 GUGAAAUGUUUAGGACCACUAG 400 AACATTTCA 1337 ACATTTCA 2274 CATTTCA 3211 hsa-miR-204 UUCCCUUUGUCAUCCUAUGCCU 401 ACAAAGGGA 1338 CAAAGGGA 2275 AAAGGGA 3212 hsa-miR-205 UCCUUCAUUCCACCGGAGUCUG 402 GAATGAAGG 1339 AATGAAGG 2276 ATGAAGG 3213 hsa-miR-206 UGGAAUGUAAGGAAGUGUGUGG 403 TTACATTCC 1340 TACATTCC 2277 ACATTCC 3214 hsa-miR-208a AUAAGACGAGCAAAAAGCUUGU 404 CTCGTCTTA 1341 TCGTCTTA 2278 CGTCTTA 3215 hsa-miR-208b AUAAGACGAACAAAAGGUUUGU 405 TTCGTCTTA 1342 TCGTCTTA 2279 CGTCTTA 3216 hsa-miR-20a UAAAGUGCUUAUAGUGCAGGUAG 406 AAGCACTTT 1343 AGCACTTT 2280 GCACTTT 3217 hsa-miR-20a* ACUGCAUUAUGAGCACUUAAAG 407 ATAATGCAG 1344 TAATGCAG 2281 AATGCAG 3218 hsa-miR-20b CAAAGUGCUCAUAGUGCAGGUAG 408 GAGCACTTT 1345 AGCACTTT 2282 GCACTTT 3219 hsa-miR-20b* ACUGUAGUAUGGGCACUUCCAG 409 ATACTACAG 1346 TACTACAG 2283 ACTACAG 3220 hsa-miR-21 UAGCUUAUCAGACUGAUGUUGA 410 TGATAAGCT 1347 GATAAGCT 2284 ATAAGCT 3221 hsa-miR-21* CAACACCAGUCGAUGGGCUGU 411 ACTGGTGTT 1348 CTGGTGTT 2285 TGGTGTT 3222 hsa-miR-210 CUGUGCGUGUGACAGCGGCUGA 412 ACACGCACA 1349 CACGCACA 2286 ACGCACA 3223 hsa-miR-211 UUCCCUUUGUCAUCCUUCGCCU 413 ACAAAGGGA 1350 CAAAGGGA 2287 AAAGGGA 3224 hsa-miR-212 UAACAGUCUCCAGUCACGGCC 414 GAGACTGTT 1351 AGACTGTT 2288 GACTGTT 3225 hsa-miR-214 ACAGCAGGCACAGACAGGCAGU 415 TGCCTGCTG 1352 GCCTGCTG 2289 CCTGCTG 3226 hsa-miR-214* UGCCUGUCUACACUUGCUGUGC 416 TAGACAGGC 1353 AGACAGGC 2290 GACAGGC 3227 hsa-miR-215 AUGACCUAUGAAUUGACAGAC 417 CATAGGTCA 1354 ATAGGTCA 2291 TAGGTCA 3228 hsa-miR-216a UAAUCUCAGCUGGCAACUGUGA 418 GCTGAGATT 1355 CTGAGATT 2292 TGAGATT 3229 hsa-miR-216b AAAUCUCUGCAGGCAAAUGUGA 419 GCAGAGATT 1356 CAGAGATT 2293 AGAGATT 3230 hsa-miR-217 UACUGCAUCAGGAACUGAUUGGA 420 TGATGCAGT 1357 GATGCAGT 2294 ATGCAGT 3231 hsa-miR-218 UUGUGCUUGAUCUAACCAUGU 421 TCAAGCACA 1358 CAAGCACA 2295 AAGCACA 3232 hsa-miR-218-1* AUGGUUCCGUCAAGCACCAUGG 422 ACGGAACCA 1359 CGGAACCA 2296 GGAACCA 3233 hsa-miR-218-2* CAUGGUUCUGUCAAGCACCGCG 423 CAGAACCAT 1360 AGAACCAT 2297 GAACCAT 3234 hsa-miR-219-1-3p AGAGUUGAGUCUGGACGUCCCG 424 ACTCAACTC 1361 CTCAACTC 2298 TCAACTC 3235 hsa-miR-219-2-3p AGAAUUGUGGCUGGACAUCUGU 425 CCACAATTC 1362 CACAATTC 2299 ACAATTC 3236 hsa-miR-219-5p UGAUUGUCCAAACGCAAUUCU 426 TGGACAATC 1363 GGACAATC 2300 GACAATC 3237 hsa-miR-22 AAGCUGCCAGUUGAAGAACUGU 427 CTGGCAGCT 1364 TGGCAGCT 2301 GGCAGCT 3238 hsa-miR-22* AGUUCUUCAGUGGCAAGCUUUA 428 CTGAAGAAC 1365 TGAAGAAC 2302 GAAGAAC 3239 hsa-miR-220a CCACACCGUAUCUGACACUUU 429 TACGGTGTG 1366 ACGGTGTG 2303 CGGTGTG 3240 hsa-miR-220b CCACCACCGUGUCUGACACUU 430 ACGGTGGTG 1367 CGGTGGTG 2304 GGTGGTG 3241 hsa-miR-220c ACACAGGGCUGUUGUGAAGACU 431 AGCCCTGTG 1368 GCCCTGTG 2305 CCCTGTG 3242 hsa-miR-221 AGCUACAUUGUCUGCUGGGUUUC 432 CAATGTAGC 1369 AATGTAGC 2306 ATGTAGC 3243 hsa-miR-221* ACCUGGCAUACAAUGUAGAUUU 433 TATGCCAGG 1370 ATGCCAGG 2307 TGCCAGG 3244 hsa-miR-222 AGCUACAUCUGGCUACUGGGU 434 AGATGTAGC 1371 GATGTAGC 2308 ATGTAGC 3245 hsa-miR-222* CUCAGUAGCCAGUGUAGAUCCU 435 GGCTACTGA 1372 GCTACTGA 2309 CTACTGA 3246 hsa-miR-223 UGUCAGUUUGUCAAAUACCCCA 436 CAAACTGAC 1373 AAACTGAC 2310 AACTGAC 3247 hsa-miR-223* CGUGUAUUUGACAAGCUGAGUU 437 CAAATACAC 1374 AAATACAC 2311 AATACAC 3248 hsa-miR-224 CAAGUCACUAGUGGUUCCGUU 438 TAGTGACTT 1375 AGTGACTT 2312 GTGACTT 3249 hsa-miR-23a AUCACAUUGCCAGGGAUUUCC 439 GCAATGTGA 1376 CAATGTGA 2313 AATGTGA 3250 hsa-miR-23a* GGGGUUCCUGGGGAUGGGAUUU 440 CAGGAACCC 1377 AGGAACCC 2314 GGAACCC 3251 hsa-miR-23b AUCACAUUGCCAGGGAUUACC 441 GCAATGTGA 1378 CAATGTGA 2315 AATGTGA 3252 hsa-miR-23b* UGGGUUCCUGGCAUGCUGAUUU 442 CAGGAACCC 1379 AGGAACCC 2316 GGAACCC 3253 hsa-miR-24 UGGCUCAGUUCAGCAGGAACAG 443 AACTGAGCC 1380 ACTGAGCC 2317 CTGAGCC 3254 hsa-miR-24-1* UGCCUACUGAGCUGAUAUCAGU 444 TCAGTAGGC 1381 CAGTAGGC 2318 AGTAGGC 3255 hsa-miR-24-2* UGCCUACUGAGCUGAAACACAG 445 TCAGTAGGC 1382 CAGTAGGC 2319 AGTAGGC 3256 hsa-miR-25 CAUUGCACUUGUCUCGGUCUGA 446 AAGTGCAAT 1383 AGTGCAAT 2320 GTGCAAT 3257 hsa-miR-25* AGGCGGAGACUUGGGCAAUUG 447 GTCTCCGCC 1384 TCTCCGCC 2321 CTCCGCC 3258 hsa-miR-26a UUCAAGUAAUCCAGGAUAGGCU 448 ATTACTTGA 1385 TTACTTGA 2322 TACTTGA 3259 hsa-miR-26a-1* CCUAUUCUUGGUUACUUGCACG 449 CAAGAATAG 1386 AAGAATAG 2323 AGAATAG 3260 hsa-miR-26a-2* CCUAUUCUUGAUUACUUGUUUC 450 CAAGAATAG 1387 AAGAATAG 2324 AGAATAG 3261 hsa-miR-26b UUCAAGUAAUUCAGGAUAGGU 451 ATTACTTGA 1388 TTACTTGA 2325 TACTTGA 3262 hsa-miR-26b* CCUGUUCUCCAUUACUUGGCUC 452 GGAGAACAG 1389 GAGAACAG 2326 AGAACAG 3263 hsa-miR-27a UUCACAGUGGCUAAGUUCCGC 453 CCACTGTGA 1390 CACTGTGA 2327 ACTGTGA 3264 hsa-miR-27a* AGGGCUUAGCUGCUUGUGAGCA 454 GCTAAGCCC 1391 CTAAGCCC 2328 TAAGCCC 3265 hsa-miR-27b UUCACAGUGGCUAAGUUCUGC 455 CCACTGTGA 1392 CACTGTGA 2329 ACTGTGA 3266 hsa-miR-27b* AGAGCUUAGCUGAUUGGUGAAC 456 GCTAAGCTC 1393 CTAAGCTC 2330 TAAGCTC 3267 hsa-miR-28-3p CACUAGAUUGUGAGCUCCUGGA 457 CAATCTAGT 1394 AATCTAGT 2331 ATCTAGT 3268 hsa-miR-28-5p AAGGAGCUCACAGUCUAUUGAG 458 TGAGCTCCT 1395 GAGCTCCT 2332 AGCTCCT 3269 hsa-miR-296-3p GAGGGUUGGGUGGAGGCUCUCC 459 CCCAACCCT 1396 CCAACCCT 2333 CAACCCT 3270 hsa-miR-296-5p AGGGCCCCCCCUCAAUCCUGU 460 GGGGGGCCC 1397 GGGGGCCC 2334 GGGGCCC 3271 hsa-miR-297 AUGUAUGUGUGCAUGUGCAUG 461 ACACATACA 1398 CACATACA 2335 ACATACA 3272 hsa-miR-298 AGCAGAAGCAGGGAGGUUCUCCCA 462 TGCTTCTGC 1399 GCTTCTGC 2336 CTTCTGC 3273 hsa-miR-299-3p UAUGUGGGAUGGUAAACCGCUU 463 ATCCCACAT 1400 TCCCACAT 2337 CCCACAT 3274 hsa-miR-299-5p UGGUUUACCGUCCCACAUACAU 464 CGGTAAACC 1401 GGTAAACC 2338 GTAAACC 3275 hsa-miR-29a UAGCACCAUCUGAAAUCGGUUA 465 GATGGTGCT 1402 ATGGTGCT 2339 TGGTGCT 3276 hsa-miR-29a* ACUGAUUUCUUUUGGUGUUCAG 466 AGAAATCAG 1403 GAAATCAG 2340 AAATCAG 3277 hsa-miR-29b UAGCACCAUUUGAAAUCAGUGUU 467 AATGGTGCT 1404 ATGGTGCT 2341 TGGTGCT 3278 hsa-miR-29b-1* GCUGGUUUCAUAUGGUGGUUUAGA 468 TGAAACCAG 1405 GAAACCAG 2342 AAACCAG 3279 hsa-miR-29b-2* CUGGUUUCACAUGGUGGCUUAG 469 GTGAAACCA 1406 TGAAACCA 2343 GAAACCA 3280 hsa-miR-29c UAGCACCAUUUGAAAUCGGUUA 470 AATGGTGCT 1407 ATGGTGCT 2344 TGGTGCT 3281 hsa-miR-29c* UGACCGAUUUCUCCUGGUGUUC 471 AAATCGGTC 1408 AATCGGTC 2345 ATCGGTC 3282 hsa-miR-300 UAUACAAGGGCAGACUCUCUCU 472 CCCTTGTAT 1409 CCTTGTAT 2346 CTTGTAT 3283 hsa-miR-301a CAGUGCAAUAGUAUUGUCAAAGC 473 TATTGCACT 1410 ATTGCACT 2347 TTGCACT 3284 hsa-miR-301b CAGUGCAAUGAUAUUGUCAAAGC 474 CATTGCACT 1411 ATTGCACT 2348 TTGCACT 3285 hsa-miR-302a UAAGUGCUUCCAUGUUUUGGUGA 475 GAAGCACTT 1412 AAGCACTT 2349 AGCACTT 3286 hsa-miR-302a* ACUUAAACGUGGAUGUACUUGCU 476 ACGTTTAAG 1413 CGTTTAAG 2350 GTTTAAG 3287 hsa-miR-302b UAAGUGCUUCCAUGUUUUAGUAG 477 GAAGCACTT 1414 AAGCACTT 2351 AGCACTT 3288 hsa-miR-302b* ACUUUAACAUGGAAGUGCUUUC 478 ATGTTAAAG 1415 TGTTAAAG 2352 GTTAAAG 3289 hsa-miR-302c UAAGUGCUUCCAUGUUUCAGUGG 479 GAAGCACTT 1416 AAGCACTT 2353 AGCACTT 3290 hsa-miR-302c* UUUAACAUGGGGGUACCUGCUG 480 CCATGTTAA 1417 CATGTTAA 2354 ATGTTAA 3291 hsa-miR-302d UAAGUGCUUCCAUGUUUGAGUGU 481 GAAGCACTT 1418 AAGCACTT 2355 AGCACTT 3292 hsa-miR-302d* ACUUUAACAUGGAGGCACUUGC 482 ATGTTAAAG 1419 TGTTAAAG 2356 GTTAAAG 3293 hsa-miR-302e UAAGUGCUUCCAUGCUU 483 GAAGCACTT 1420 AAGCACTT 2357 AGCACTT 3294 hsa-miR-302f UAAUUGCUUCCAUGUUU 484 GAAGCAATT 1421 AAGCAATT 2358 AGCAATT 3295 hsa-miR-30a UGUAAACAUCCUCGACUGGAAG 485 GATGTTTAC 1422 ATGTTTAC 2359 TGTTTAC 3296 hsa-miR-30a* CUUUCAGUCGGAUGUUUGCAGC 486 CGACTGAAA 1423 GACTGAAA 2360 ACTGAAA 3297 hsa-miR-30b UGUAAACAUCCUACACUCAGCU 487 GATGTTTAC 1424 ATGTTTAC 2361 TGTTTAC 3298 hsa-miR-30b* CUGGGAGGUGGAUGUUUACUUC 488 CACCTCCCA 1425 ACCTCCCA 2362 CCTCCCA 3299 hsa-miR-30c UGUAAACAUCCUACACUCUCAGC 489 GATGTTTAC 1426 ATGTTTAC 2363 TGTTTAC 3300 hsa-miR-30c-1* CUGGGAGAGGGUUGUUUACUCC 490 CCTCTCCCA 1427 CTCTCCCA 2364 TCTCCCA 3301 hsa-miR-30c-2* CUGGGAGAAGGCUGUUUACUCU 491 CTTCTCCCA 1428 TTCTCCCA 2365 TCTCCCA 3302 hsa-miR-30d UGUAAACAUCCCCGACUGGAAG 492 GATGTTTAC 1429 ATGTTTAC 2366 TGTTTAC 3303 hsa-miR-30d* CUUUCAGUCAGAUGUUUGCUGC 493 TGACTGAAA 1430 GACTGAAA 2367 ACTGAAA 3304 hsa-miR-30e UGUAAACAUCCUUGACUGGAAG 494 GATGTTTAC 1431 ATGTTTAC 2368 TGTTTAC 3305 hsa-miR-30e* CUUUCAGUCGGAUGUUUACAGC 495 CGACTGAAA 1432 GACTGAAA 2369 ACTGAAA 3306 hsa-miR-31 AGGCAAGAUGCUGGCAUAGCU 496 CATCTTGCC 1433 ATCTTGCC 2370 TCTTGCC 3307 hsa-miR-31* UGCUAUGCCAACAUAUUGCCAU 497 TGGCATAGC 1434 GGCATAGC 2371 GCATAGC 3308 hsa-miR-32 UAUUGCACAUUACUAAGUUGCA 498 ATGTGCAAT 1435 TGTGCAAT 2372 GTGCAAT 3309 hsa-miR-32* CAAUUUAGUGUGUGUGAUAUUU 499 CACTAAATT 1436 ACTAAATT 2373 CTAAATT 3310 hsa-miR-320a AAAAGCUGGGUUGAGAGGGCGA 500 CCCAGCTTT 1437 CCAGCTTT 2374 CAGCTTT 3311 hsa-miR-320b AAAAGCUGGGUUGAGAGGGCAA 501 CCCAGCTTT 1438 CCAGCTTT 2375 CAGCTTT 3312 hsa-miR-320c AAAAGCUGGGUUGAGAGGGU 502 CCCAGCTTT 1439 CCAGCTTT 2376 CAGCTTT 3313 hsa-miR-320d AAAAGCUGGGUUGAGAGGA 503 CCCAGCTTT 1440 CCAGCTTT 2377 CAGCTTT 3314 hsa-miR-323-3p CACAUUACACGGUCGACCUCU 504 GTGTAATGT 1441 TGTAATGT 2378 GTAATGT 3315 hsa-miR-323-5p AGGUGGUCCGUGGCGCGUUCGC 505 CGGACCACC 1442 GGACCACC 2379 GACCACC 3316 hsa-miR-324-3p ACUGCCCCAGGUGCUGCUGG 506 CTGGGGCAG 1443 TGGGGCAG 2380 GGGGCAG 3317 hsa-miR-324-5p CGCAUCCCCUAGGGCAUUGGUGU 507 AGGGGATGC 1444 GGGGATGC 2381 GGGATGC 3318 hsa-miR-325 CCUAGUAGGUGUCCAGUAAGUGU 508 ACCTACTAG 1445 CCTACTAG 2382 CTACTAG 3319 hsa-miR-326 CCUCUGGGCCCUUCCUCCAG 509 GGCCCAGAG 1446 GCCCAGAG 2383 CCCAGAG 3320 hsa-miR-328 CUGGCCCUCUCUGCCCUUCCGU 510 AGAGGGCCA 1447 GAGGGCCA 2384 AGGGCCA 3321 hsa-miR-329 AACACACCUGGUUAACCUCUUU 511 CAGGTGTGT 1448 AGGTGTGT 2385 GGTGTGT 3322 hsa-miR-330-3p GCAAAGCACACGGCCUGCAGAGA 512 TGTGCTTTG 1449 GTGCTTTG 2386 TGCTTTG 3323 hsa-miR-330-5p UCUCUGGGCCUGUGUCUUAGGC 513 GGCCCAGAG 1450 GCCCAGAG 2387 CCCAGAG 3324 hsa-miR-331-3p GCCCCUGGGCCUAUCCUAGAA 514 GCCCAGGGG 1451 CCCAGGGG 2388 CCAGGGG 3325 hsa-miR-331-5p CUAGGUAUGGUCCCAGGGAUCC 515 CCATACCTA 1452 CATACCTA 2389 ATACCTA 3326 hsa-miR-335 UCAAGAGCAAUAACGAAAAAUGU 516 TTGCTCTTG 1453 TGCTCTTG 2390 GCTCTTG 3327 hsa-miR-335* UUUUUCAUUAUUGCUCCUGACC 517 TAATGAAAA 1454 AATGAAAA 2391 ATGAAAA 3328 hsa-miR-337-3p CUCCUAUAUGAUGCCUUUCUUC 518 CATATAGGA 1455 ATATAGGA 2392 TATAGGA 3329 hsa-miR-337-5p GAACGGCUUCAUACAGGAGUU 519 GAAGCCGTT 1456 AAGCCGTT 2393 AGCCGTT 3330 hsa-miR-338-3p UCCAGCAUCAGUGAUUUUGUUG 520 TGATGCTGG 1457 GATGCTGG 2394 ATGCTGG 3331 hsa-miR-338-5p AACAAUAUCCUGGUGCUGAGUG 521 GGATATTGT 1458 GATATTGT 2395 ATATTGT 3332 hsa-miR-339-3p UGAGCGCCUCGACGACAGAGCCG 522 GAGGCGCTC 1459 AGGCGCTC 2396 GGCGCTC 3333 hsa-miR-339-5p UCCCUGUCCUCCAGGAGCUCACG 523 AGGACAGGG 1460 GGACAGGG 2397 GACAGGG 3334 hsa-miR-33a GUGCAUUGUAGUUGCAUUGCA 524 TACAATGCA 1461 ACAATGCA 2398 CAATGCA 3335 hsa-miR-33a* CAAUGUUUCCACAGUGCAUCAC 525 GGAAACATT 1462 GAAACATT 2399 AAACATT 3336 hsa-miR-33b GUGCAUUGCUGUUGCAUUGC 526 AGCAATGCA 1463 GCAATGCA 2400 CAATGCA 3337 hsa-miR-33b* CAGUGCCUCGGCAGUGCAGCCC 527 CGAGGCACT 1464 GAGGCACT 2401 AGGCACT 3338 hsa-miR-340 UUAUAAAGCAAUGAGACUGAUU 528 TGCTTTATA 1465 GCTTTATA 2402 CTTTATA 3339 hsa-miR-340* UCCGUCUCAGUUACUUUAUAGC 529 CTGAGACGG 1466 TGAGACGG 2403 GAGACGG 3340 hsa-miR-342-3p UCUCACACAGAAAUCGCACCCGU 530 CTGTGTGAG 1467 TGTGTGAG 2404 GTGTGAG 3341 hsa-miR-342-5p AGGGGUGCUAUCUGUGAUUGA 531 TAGCACCCC 1468 AGCACCCC 2405 GCACCCC 3342 hsa-miR-345 GCUGACUCCUAGUCCAGGGCUC 532 AGGAGTCAG 1469 GGAGTCAG 2406 GAGTCAG 3343 hsa-miR-346 UGUCUGCCCGCAUGCCUGCCUCU 533 CGGGCAGAC 1470 GGGCAGAC 2407 GGCAGAC 3344 hsa-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU 534 GACACTGCC 1471 ACACTGCC 2408 CACTGCC 3345 hsa-miR-34a* CAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCU 535 TTGCTGATT 1472 TGCTGATT 2409 GCTGATT 3346 hsa-miR-34b CAAUCACUAACUCCACUGCCAU 536 TTAGTGATT 1473 TAGTGATT 2410 AGTGATT 3347 hsa-miR-34b* UAGGCAGUGUCAUUAGCUGAUUG 537 ACACTGCCT 1474 CACTGCCT 2411 ACTGCCT 3348 hsa-miR-34c-3p AAUCACUAACCACACGGCCAGG 538 GTTAGTGAT 1475 TTAGTGAT 2412 TAGTGAT 3349 hsa-miR-34c-5p AGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGC 539 TACACTGCC 1476 ACACTGCC 2413 CACTGCC 3350 hsa-miR-361-3p UCCCCCAGGUGUGAUUCUGAUUU 540 ACCTGGGGG 1477 CCTGGGGG 2414 CTGGGGG 3351 hsa-miR-361-5p UUAUCAGAAUCUCCAGGGGUAC 541 ATTCTGATA 1478 TTCTGATA 2415 TCTGATA 3352 hsa-miR-362-3p AACACACCUAUUCAAGGAUUCA 542 TAGGTGTGT 1479 AGGTGTGT 2416 GGTGTGT 3353 hsa-miR-362-5p AAUCCUUGGAACCUAGGUGUGAGU 543 TCCAAGGAT 1480 CCAAGGAT 2417 CAAGGAT 3354 hsa-miR-363 AAUUGCACGGUAUCCAUCUGUA 544 CCGTGCAAT 1481 CGTGCAAT 2418 GTGCAAT 3355 hsa-miR-363* CGGGUGGAUCACGAUGCAAUUU 545 GATCCACCC 1482 ATCCACCC 2419 TCCACCC 3356 hsa-miR-365 UAAUGCCCCUAAAAAUCCUUAU 546 AGGGGCATT 1483 GGGGCATT 2420 GGGCATT 3357 hsa-miR-367 AAUUGCACUUUAGCAAUGGUGA 547 AAGTGCAAT 1484 AGTGCAAT 2421 GTGCAAT 3358 hsa-miR-367* ACUGUUGCUAAUAUGCAACUCU 548 TAGCAACAG 1485 AGCAACAG 2422 GCAACAG 3359 hsa-miR-369-3p AAUAAUACAUGGUUGAUCUUU 549 ATGTATTAT 1486 TGTATTAT 2423 GTATTAT 3360 hsa-miR-369-5p AGAUCGACCGUGUUAUAUUCGC 550 CGGTCGATC 1487 GGTCGATC 2424 GTCGATC 3361 hsa-miR-370 GCCUGCUGGGGUGGAACCUGGU 551 CCCAGCAGG 1488 CCAGCAGG 2425 CAGCAGG 3362 hsa-miR-371-3p AAGUGCCGCCAUCUUUUGAGUGU 552 GGCGGCACT 1489 GCGGCACT 2426 CGGCACT 3363 hsa-miR-371-5p ACUCAAACUGUGGGGGCACU 553 CAGTTTGAG 1490 AGTTTGAG 2427 GTTTGAG 3364 hsa-miR-372 AAAGUGCUGCGACAUUUGAGCGU 554 GCAGCACTT 1491 CAGCACTT 2428 AGCACTT 3365 hsa-miR-373 GAAGUGCUUCGAUUUUGGGGUGU 555 GAAGCACTT 1492 AAGCACTT 2429 AGCACTT 3366 hsa-miR-373* ACUCAAAAUGGGGGCGCUUUCC 556 CATTTTGAG 1493 ATTTTGAG 2430 TTTTGAG 3367 hsa-miR-374a UUAUAAUACAACCUGAUAAGUG 557 TGTATTATA 1494 GTATTATA 2431 TATTATA 3368 hsa-miR-374a* CUUAUCAGAUUGUAUUGUAAUU 558 ATCTGATAA 1495 TCTGATAA 2432 CTGATAA 3369 hsa-miR-374b AUAUAAUACAACCUGCUAAGUG 559 TGTATTATA 1496 GTATTATA 2433 TATTATA 3370 hsa-miR-374b* CUUAGCAGGUUGUAUUAUCAUU 560 ACCTGCTAA 1497 CCTGCTAA 2434 CTGCTAA 3371 hsa-miR-375 UUUGUUCGUUCGGCUCGCGUGA 561 AACGAACAA 1498 ACGAACAA 2435 CGAACAA 3372 hsa-miR-376a AUCAUAGAGGAAAAUCCACGU 562 CCTCTATGA 1499 CTCTATGA 2436 TCTATGA 3373 hsa-miR-376a* GUAGAUUCUCCUUCUAUGAGUA 563 GAGAATCTA 1500 AGAATCTA 2437 GAATCTA 3374 hsa-miR-376b AUCAUAGAGGAAAAUCCAUGUU 564 CCTCTATGA 1501 CTCTATGA 2438 TCTATGA 3375 hsa-miR-376c AACAUAGAGGAAAUUCCACGU 565 CCTCTATGT 1502 CTCTATGT 2439 TCTATGT 3376 hsa-miR-377 AUCACACAAAGGCAACUUUUGU 566 TTTGTGTGA 1503 TTGTGTGA 2440 TGTGTGA 3377 hsa-miR-377* AGAGGUUGCCCUUGGUGAAUUC 567 GGCAACCTC 1504 GCAACCTC 2441 CAACCTC 3378 hsa-miR-378 ACUGGACUUGGAGUCAGAAGG 568 CAAGTCCAG 1505 AAGTCCAG 2442 AGTCCAG 3379 hsa-miR-378* CUCCUGACUCCAGGUCCUGUGU 569 GAGTCAGGA 1506 AGTCAGGA 2443 GTCAGGA 3380 hsa-miR-379 UGGUAGACUAUGGAACGUAGG 570 TAGTCTACC 1507 AGTCTACC 2444 GTCTACC 3381 hsa-miR-379* UAUGUAACAUGGUCCACUAACU 571 ATGTTACAT 1508 TGTTACAT 2445 GTTACAT 3382 hsa-miR-380 UAUGUAAUAUGGUCCACAUCUU 572 ATATTACAT 1509 TATTACAT 2446 ATTACAT 3383 hsa-miR-380* UGGUUGACCAUAGAACAUGCGC 573 TGGTCAACC 1510 GGTCAACC 2447 GTCAACC 3384 hsa-miR-381 UAUACAAGGGCAAGCUCUCUGU 574 CCCTTGTAT 1511 CCTTGTAT 2448 CTTGTAT 3385 hsa-miR-382 GAAGUUGUUCGUGGUGGAUUCG 575 GAACAACTT 1512 AACAACTT 2449 ACAACTT 3386 hsa-miR-383 AGAUCAGAAGGUGAUUGUGGCU 576 CTTCTGATC 1513 TTCTGATC 2450 TCTGATC 3387 hsa-miR-384 AUUCCUAGAAAUUGUUCAUA 577 TTCTAGGAA 1514 TCTAGGAA 2451 CTAGGAA 3388 hsa-miR-409-3p GAAUGUUGCUCGGUGAACCCCU 578 AGCAACATT 1515 GCAACATT 2452 CAACATT 3389 hsa-miR-409-5p AGGUUACCCGAGCAACUUUGCAU 579 CGGGTAACC 1516 GGGTAACC 2453 GGTAACC 3390 hsa-miR-410 AAUAUAACACAGAUGGCCUGU 580 GTGTTATAT 1517 TGTTATAT 2454 GTTATAT 3391 hsa-miR-411 UAGUAGACCGUAUAGCGUACG 581 CGGTCTACT 1518 GGTCTACT 2455 GTCTACT 3392 hsa-miR-411* UAUGUAACACGGUCCACUAACC 582 GTGTTACAT 1519 TGTTACAT 2456 GTTACAT 3393 hsa-miR-412 ACUUCACCUGGUCCACUAGCCGU 583 CAGGTGAAG 1520 AGGTGAAG 2457 GGTGAAG 3394 hsa-miR-421 AUCAACAGACAUUAAUUGGGCGC 584 GTCTGTTGA 1521 TCTGTTGA 2458 CTGTTGA 3395 hsa-miR-422a ACUGGACUUAGGGUCAGAAGGC 585 TAAGTCCAG 1522 AAGTCCAG 2459 AGTCCAG 3396 hsa-miR-423-3p AGCUCGGUCUGAGGCCCCUCAGU 586 AGACCGAGC 1523 GACCGAGC 2460 ACCGAGC 3397 hsa-miR-423-5p UGAGGGGCAGAGAGCGAGACUUU 587 CTGCCCCTC 1524 TGCCCCTC 2461 GCCCCTC 3398 hsa-miR-424 CAGCAGCAAUUCAUGUUUUGAA 588 ATTGCTGCT 1525 TTGCTGCT 2462 TGCTGCT 3399 hsa-miR-424* CAAAACGUGAGGCGCUGCUAU 589 TCACGTTTT 1526 CACGTTTT 2463 ACGTTTT 3400 hsa-miR-425 AAUGACACGAUCACUCCCGUUGA 590 TCGTGTCAT 1527 CGTGTCAT 2464 GTGTCAT 3401 hsa-miR-425* AUCGGGAAUGUCGUGUCCGCCC 591 CATTCCCGA 1528 ATTCCCGA 2465 TTCCCGA 3402 hsa-miR-429 UAAUACUGUCUGGUAAAACCGU 592 GACAGTATT 1529 ACAGTATT 2466 CAGTATT 3403 hsa-miR-431 UGUCUUGCAGGCCGUCAUGCA 593 CTGCAAGAC 1530 TGCAAGAC 2467 GCAAGAC 3404 hsa-miR-431* CAGGUCGUCUUGCAGGGCUUCU 594 AGACGACCT 1531 GACGACCT 2468 ACGACCT 3405 hsa-miR-432 UCUUGGAGUAGGUCAUUGGGUGG 595 TACTCCAAG 1532 ACTCCAAG 2469 CTCCAAG 3406 hsa-miR-432* CUGGAUGGCUCCUCCAUGUCU 596 AGCCATCCA 1533 GCCATCCA 2470 CCATCCA 3407 hsa-miR-433 AUCAUGAUGGGCUCCUCGGUGU 597 CCATCATGA 1534 CATCATGA 2471 ATCATGA 3408 hsa-miR-448 UUGCAUAUGUAGGAUGUCCCAU 598 ACATATGCA 1535 CATATGCA 2472 ATATGCA 3409 hsa-miR-449a UGGCAGUGUAUUGUUAGCUGGU 599 TACACTGCC 1536 ACACTGCC 2473 CACTGCC 3410 hsa-miR-449b AGGCAGUGUAUUGUUAGCUGGC 600 TACACTGCC 1537 ACACTGCC 2474 CACTGCC 3411 hsa-miR-450a UUUUGCGAUGUGUUCCUAAUAU 601 CATCGCAAA 1538 ATCGCAAA 2475 TCGCAAA 3412 hsa-miR-450b-3p UUGGGAUCAUUUUGCAUCCAUA 602 ATGATCCCA 1539 TGATCCCA 2476 GATCCCA 3413 hsa-miR-450b-5p UUUUGCAAUAUGUUCCUGAAUA 603 TATTGCAAA 1540 ATTGCAAA 2477 TTGCAAA 3414 hsa-miR-451 AAACCGUUACCAUUACUGAGUU 604 GTAACGGTT 1541 TAACGGTT 2478 AACGGTT 3415 hsa-miR-452 AACUGUUUGCAGAGGAAACUGA 605 GCAAACAGT 1542 CAAACAGT 2479 AAACAGT 3416 hsa-miR-452* CUCAUCUGCAAAGAAGUAAGUG 606 TGCAGATGA 1543 GCAGATGA 2480 CAGATGA 3417 hsa-miR-453 AGGUUGUCCGUGGUGAGUUCGCA 607 CGGACAACC 1544 GGACAACC 2481 GACAACC 3418 hsa-miR-454 UAGUGCAAUAUUGCUUAUAGGGU 608 TATTGCACT 1545 ATTGCACT 2482 TTGCACT 3419 hsa-miR-454* ACCCUAUCAAUAUUGUCUCUGC 609 TTGATAGGG 1546 TGATAGGG 2483 GATAGGG 3420 hsa-miR-455-3p GCAGUCCAUGGGCAUAUACAC 610 CATGGACTG 1547 ATGGACTG 2484 TGGACTG 3421 hsa-miR-455-5p UAUGUGCCUUUGGACUACAUCG 611 AAGGCACAT 1548 AGGCACAT 2485 GGCACAT 3422 hsa-miR-483-3p UCACUCCUCUCCUCCCGUCUU 612 AGAGGAGTG 1549 GAGGAGTG 2486 AGGAGTG 3423 hsa-miR-483-5p AAGACGGGAGGAAAGAAGGGAG 613 CTCCCGTCT 1550 TCCCGTCT 2487 CCCGTCT 3424 hsa-miR-484 UCAGGCUCAGUCCCCUCCCGAU 614 CTGAGCCTG 1551 TGAGCCTG 2488 GAGCCTG 3425 hsa-miR-485-3p GUCAUACACGGCUCUCCUCUCU 615 CGTGTATGA 1552 GTGTATGA 2489 TGTATGA 3426 hsa-miR-485-5p AGAGGCUGGCCGUGAUGAAUUC 616 GCCAGCCTC 1553 CCAGCCTC 2490 CAGCCTC 3427 hsa-miR-486-3p CGGGGCAGCUCAGUACAGGAU 617 AGCTGCCCC 1554 GCTGCCCC 2491 CTGCCCC 3428 hsa-miR-486-5p UCCUGUACUGAGCUGCCCCGAG 618 CAGTACAGG 1555 AGTACAGG 2492 GTACAGG 3429 hsa-miR-487a AAUCAUACAGGGACAUCCAGUU 619 CTGTATGAT 1556 TGTATGAT 2493 GTATGAT 3430 hsa-miR-487b AAUCGUACAGGGUCAUCCACUU 620 CTGTACGAT 1557 TGTACGAT 2494 GTACGAT 3431 hsa-miR-488 UUGAAAGGCUAUUUCUUGGUC 621 AGCCTTTCA 1558 GCCTTTCA 2495 CCTTTCA 3432 hsa-miR-488* CCCAGAUAAUGGCACUCUCAA 622 ATTATCTGG 1559 TTATCTGG 2496 TATCTGG 3433 hsa-miR-489 GUGACAUCACAUAUACGGCAGC 623 GTGATGTCA 1560 TGATGTCA 2497 GATGTCA 3434 hsa-miR-490-3p CAACCUGGAGGACUCCAUGCUG 624 CTCCAGGTT 1561 TCCAGGTT 2498 CCAGGTT 3435 hsa-miR-490-5p CCAUGGAUCUCCAGGUGGGU 625 AGATCCATG 1562 GATCCATG 2499 ATCCATG 3436 hsa-miR-491-3p CUUAUGCAAGAUUCCCUUCUAC 626 CTTGCATAA 1563 TTGCATAA 2500 TGCATAA 3437 hsa-miR-491-5p AGUGGGGAACCCUUCCAUGAGG 627 GTTCCCCAC 1564 TTCCCCAC 2501 TCCCCAC 3438 hsa-miR-492 AGGACCUGCGGGACAAGAUUCUU 628 CGCAGGTCC 1565 GCAGGTCC 2502 CAGGTCC 3439 hsa-miR-493 UGAAGGUCUACUGUGUGCCAGG 629 TAGACCTTC 1566 AGACCTTC 2503 GACCTTC 3440 hsa-miR-493* UUGUACAUGGUAGGCUUUCAUU 630 CCATGTACA 1567 CATGTACA 2504 ATGTACA 3441 hsa-miR-494 UGAAACAUACACGGGAAACCUC 631 GTATGTTTC 1568 TATGTTTC 2505 ATGTTTC 3442 hsa-miR-495 AAACAAACAUGGUGCACUUCUU 632 ATGTTTGTT 1569 TGTTTGTT 2506 GTTTGTT 3443 hsa-miR-496 UGAGUAUUACAUGGCCAAUCUC 633 GTAATACTC 1570 TAATACTC 2507 AATACTC 3444 hsa-miR-497 CAGCAGCACACUGUGGUUUGU 634 TGTGCTGCT 1571 GTGCTGCT 2508 TGCTGCT 3445 hsa-miR-497* CAAACCACACUGUGGUGUUAGA 635 GTGTGGTTT 1572 TGTGGTTT 2509 GTGGTTT 3446 hsa-miR-498 UUUCAAGCCAGGGGGCGUUUUUC 636 TGGCTTGAA 1573 GGCTTGAA 2510 GCTTGAA 3447 hsa-miR-499-3p AACAUCACAGCAAGUCUGUGCU 637 CTGTGATGT 1574 TGTGATGT 2511 GTGATGT 3448 hsa-miR-499-5p UUAAGACUUGCAGUGAUGUUU 638 CAAGTCTTA 1575 AAGTCTTA 2512 AGTCTTA 3449 hsa-miR-500 UAAUCCUUGCUACCUGGGUGAGA 639 GCAAGGATT 1576 CAAGGATT 2513 AAGGATT 3450 hsa-miR-500* AUGCACCUGGGCAAGGAUUCUG 640 CCAGGTGCA 1577 CAGGTGCA 2514 AGGTGCA 3451 hsa-miR-501-3p AAUGCACCCGGGCAAGGAUUCU 641 CGGGTGCAT 1578 GGGTGCAT 2515 GGTGCAT 3452 hsa-miR-501-5p AAUCCUUUGUCCCUGGGUGAGA 642 ACAAAGGAT 1579 CAAAGGAT 2516 AAAGGAT 3453 hsa-miR-502-3p AAUGCACCUGGGCAAGGAUUCA 643 CAGGTGCAT 1580 AGGTGCAT 2517 GGTGCAT 3454 hsa-miR-502-5p AUCCUUGCUAUCUGGGUGCUA 644 TAGCAAGGA 1581 AGCAAGGA 2518 GCAAGGA 3455 hsa-miR-503 UAGCAGCGGGAACAGUUCUGCAG 645 CCCGCTGCT 1582 CCGCTGCT 2519 CGCTGCT 3456 hsa-miR-504 AGACCCUGGUCUGCACUCUAUC 646 ACCAGGGTC 1583 CCAGGGTC 2520 CAGGGTC 3457 hsa-miR-505 CGUCAACACUUGCUGGUUUCCU 647 AGTGTTGAC 1584 GTGTTGAC 2521 TGTTGAC 3458 hsa-miR-505* GGGAGCCAGGAAGUAUUGAUGU 648 CCTGGCTCC 1585 CTGGCTCC 2522 TGGCTCC 3459 hsa-miR-506 UAAGGCACCCUUCUGAGUAGA 649 GGGTGCCTT 1586 GGTGCCTT 2523 GTGCCTT 3460 hsa-miR-507 UUUUGCACCUUUUGGAGUGAA 650 AGGTGCAAA 1587 GGTGCAAA 2524 GTGCAAA 3461 hsa-miR-508-3p UGAUUGUAGCCUUUUGGAGUAGA 651 GCTACAATC 1588 CTACAATC 2525 TACAATC 3462 hsa-miR-508-5p UACUCCAGAGGGCGUCACUCAUG 652 CTCTGGAGT 1589 TCTGGAGT 2526 CTGGAGT 3463 hsa-miR-509-3-5p UACUGCAGACGUGGCAAUCAUG 653 GTCTGCAGT 1590 TCTGCAGT 2527 CTGCAGT 3464 hsa-miR-509-3p UGAUUGGUACGUCUGUGGGUAG 654 GTACCAATC 1591 TACCAATC 2528 ACCAATC 3465 hsa-miR-509-5p UACUGCAGACAGUGGCAAUCA 655 GTCTGCAGT 1592 TCTGCAGT 2529 CTGCAGT 3466 hsa-miR-510 UACUCAGGAGAGUGGCAAUCAC 656 CTCCTGAGT 1593 TCCTGAGT 2530 CCTGAGT 3467 hsa-miR-511 GUGUCUUUUGCUCUGCAGUCA 657 CAAAAGACA 1594 AAAAGACA 2531 AAAGACA 3468 hsa-miR-512-3p AAGUGCUGUCAUAGCUGAGGUC 658 GACAGCACT 1595 ACAGCACT 2532 CAGCACT 3469 hsa-miR-512-5p CACUCAGCCUUGAGGGCACUUUC 659 AGGCTGAGT 1596 GGCTGAGT 2533 GCTGAGT 3470 hsa-miR-513a-3p UAAAUUUCACCUUUCUGAGAAGG 660 GTGAAATTT 1597 TGAAATTT 2534 GAAATTT 3471 hsa-miR-513a-5p UUCACAGGGAGGUGUCAU 661 TCCCTGTGA 1598 CCCTGTGA 2535 CCTGTGA 3472 hsa-miR-513b UUCACAAGGAGGUGUCAUUUAU 662 TCCTTGTGA 1599 CCTTGTGA 2536 CTTGTGA 3473 hsa-miR-513c UUCUCAAGGAGGUGUCGUUUAU 663 TCCTTGAGA 1600 CCTTGAGA 2537 CTTGAGA 3474 hsa-miR-514 AUUGACACUUCUGUGAGUAGA 664 AAGTGTCAA 1601 AGTGTCAA 2538 GTGTCAA 3475 hsa-miR-515-3p GAGUGCCUUCUUUUGGAGCGUU 665 GAAGGCACT 1602 AAGGCACT 2539 AGGCACT 3476 hsa-miR-515-5p UUCUCCAAAAGAAAGCACUUUCUG 666 TTTTGGAGA 1603 TTTGGAGA 2540 TTGGAGA 3477 hsa-miR-516a-3p UGCUUCCUUUCAGAGGGU 667 AAAGGAAGC 1604 AAGGAAGC 2541 AGGAAGC 3478 hsa-miR-516a-5p UUCUCGAGGAAAGAAGCACUUUC 668 TCCTCGAGA 1605 CCTCGAGA 2542 CTCGAGA 3479 hsa-miR-516b AUCUGGAGGUAAGAAGCACUUU 669 ACCTCCAGA 1606 CCTCCAGA 2543 CTCCAGA 3480 hsa-miR-517* CCUCUAGAUGGAAGCACUGUCU 670 CATCTAGAG 1607 ATCTAGAG 2544 TCTAGAG 3481 hsa-miR-517a AUCGUGCAUCCCUUUAGAGUGU 671 GATGCACGA 1608 ATGCACGA 2545 TGCACGA 3482 hsa-miR-517b UCGUGCAUCCCUUUAGAGUGUU 672 GGATGCACG 1609 GATGCACG 2546 ATGCACG 3483 hsa-miR-517c AUCGUGCAUCCUUUUAGAGUGU 673 GATGCACGA 1610 ATGCACGA 2547 TGCACGA 3484 hsa-miR-518a-3p GAAAGCGCUUCCCUUUGCUGGA 674 AAGCGCTTT 1611 AGCGCTTT 2548 GCGCTTT 3485 hsa-miR-518b CAAAGCGCUCCCCUUUAGAGGU 675 GAGCGCTTT 1612 AGCGCTTT 2549 GCGCTTT 3486 hsa-miR-518c CAAAGCGCUUCUCUUUAGAGUGU 676 AAGCGCTTT 1613 AGCGCTTT 2550 GCGCTTT 3487 hsa-miR-518c* UCUCUGGAGGGAAGCACUUUCUG 677 CCTCCAGAG 1614 CTCCAGAG 2551 TCCAGAG 3488 hsa-miR-518d-3p CAAAGCGCUUCCCUUUGGAGC 678 AAGCGCTTT 1615 AGCGCTTT 2552 GCGCTTT 3489 hsa-miR-518d-5p CUCUAGAGGGAAGCACUUUCUG 679 CCCTCTAGA 1616 CCTCTAGA 2553 CTCTAGA 3490 hsa-miR-518e AAAGCGCUUCCCUUCAGAGUG 680 GAAGCGCTT 1617 AAGCGCTT 2554 AGCGCTT 3491 hsa-miR-518f GAAAGCGCUUCUCUUUAGAGG 681 AAGCGCTTT 1618 AGCGCTTT 2555 GCGCTTT 3492 hsa-miR-518f* CUCUAGAGGGAAGCACUUUCUC 682 CCCTCTAGA 1619 CCTCTAGA 2556 CTCTAGA 3493 hsa-miR-519a AAAGUGCAUCCUUUUAGAGUGU 683 GATGCACTT 1620 ATGCACTT 2557 TGCACTT 3494 hsa-miR-519a* CUCUAGAGGGAAGCGCUUUCUG 684 CCCTCTAGA 1621 CCTCTAGA 2558 CTCTAGA 3495 hsa-miR-519b-3p AAAGUGCAUCCUUUUAGAGGUU 685 GATGCACTT 1622 ATGCACTT 2559 TGCACTT 3496 hsa-miR-519c-3p AAAGUGCAUCUUUUUAGAGGAU 686 GATGCACTT 1623 ATGCACTT 2560 TGCACTT 3497 hsa-miR-519d CAAAGUGCCUCCCUUUAGAGUG 687 AGGCACTTT 1624 GGCACTTT 2561 GCACTTT 3498 hsa-miR-519e AAGUGCCUCCUUUUAGAGUGUU 688 GGAGGCACT 1625 GAGGCACT 2562 AGGCACT 3499 hsa-miR-519e* UUCUCCAAAAGGGAGCACUUUC 689 TTTTGGAGA 1626 TTTGGAGA 2563 TTGGAGA 3500 hsa-miR-520a-3p AAAGUGCUUCCCUUUGGACUGU 690 GAAGCACTT 1627 AAGCACTT 2564 AGCACTT 3501 hsa-miR-520a-5p CUCCAGAGGGAAGUACUUUCU 691 CCCTCTGGA 1628 CCTCTGGA 2565 CTCTGGA 3502 hsa-miR-520b AAAGUGCUUCCUUUUAGAGGG 692 GAAGCACTT 1629 AAGCACTT 2566 AGCACTT 3503 hsa-miR-520c-3p AAAGUGCUUCCUUUUAGAGGGU 693 GAAGCACTT 1630 AAGCACTT 2567 AGCACTT 3504 hsa-miR-520d-3p AAAGUGCUUCUCUUUGGUGGGU 694 GAAGCACTT 1631 AAGCACTT 2568 AGCACTT 3505 hsa-miR-520d-5p CUACAAAGGGAAGCCCUUUC 695 CCCTTTGTA 1632 CCTTTGTA 2569 CTTTGTA 3506 hsa-miR-520e AAAGUGCUUCCUUUUUGAGGG 696 GAAGCACTT 1633 AAGCACTT 2570 AGCACTT 3507 hsa-miR-520f AAGUGCUUCCUUUUAGAGGGUU 697 GGAAGCACT 1634 GAAGCACT 2571 AAGCACT 3508 hsa-miR-520g ACAAAGUGCUUCCCUUUAGAGUGU 698 AGCACTTTG 1635 GCACTTTG 2572 CACTTTG 3509 hsa-miR-520h ACAAAGUGCUUCCCUUUAGAGU 699 AGCACTTTG 1636 GCACTTTG 2573 CACTTTG 3510 hsa-miR-521 AACGCACUUCCCUUUAGAGUGU 700 GAAGTGCGT 1637 AAGTGCGT 2574 AGTGCGT 3511 hsa-miR-522 AAAAUGGUUCCCUUUAGAGUGU 701 GAACCATTT 1638 AACCATTT 2575 ACCATTT 3512 hsa-miR-523 GAACGCGCUUCCCUAUAGAGGGU 702 AAGCGCGTT 1639 AGCGCGTT 2576 GCGCGTT 3513 hsa-miR-524-3p GAAGGCGCUUCCCUUUGGAGU 703 AAGCGCCTT 1640 AGCGCCTT 2577 GCGCCTT 3514 hsa-miR-524-5p CUACAAAGGGAAGCACUUUCUC 704 CCCTTTGTA 1641 CCTTTGTA 2578 CTTTGTA 3515 hsa-miR-525-3p GAAGGCGCUUCCCUUUAGAGCG 705 AAGCGCCTT 1642 AGCGCCTT 2579 GCGCCTT 3516 hsa-miR-525-5p CUCCAGAGGGAUGCACUUUCU 706 CCCTCTGGA 1643 CCTCTGGA 2580 CTCTGGA 3517 hsa-miR-526b CUCUUGAGGGAAGCACUUUCUGU 707 CCCTCAAGA 1644 CCTCAAGA 2581 CTCAAGA 3518 hsa-miR-526b* GAAAGUGCUUCCUUUUAGAGGC 708 AAGCACTTT 1645 AGCACTTT 2582 GCACTTT 3519 hsa-miR-527 CUGCAAAGGGAAGCCCUUUC 709 CCCTTTGCA 1646 CCTTTGCA 2583 CTTTGCA 3520 hsa-miR-532-3p CCUCCCACACCCAAGGCUUGCA 710 GTGTGGGAG 1647 TGTGGGAG 2584 GTGGGAG 3521 hsa-miR-532-5p CAUGCCUUGAGUGUAGGACCGU 711 TCAAGGCAT 1648 CAAGGCAT 2585 AAGGCAT 3522 hsa-miR-539 GGAGAAAUUAUCCUUGGUGUGU 712 TAATTTCTC 1649 AATTTCTC 2586 ATTTCTC 3523 hsa-miR-541 UGGUGGGCACAGAAUCUGGACU 713 GTGCCCACC 1650 TGCCCACC 2587 GCCCACC 3524 hsa-miR-541* AAAGGAUUCUGCUGUCGGUCCCACU 714 AGAATCCTT 1651 GAATCCTT 2588 AATCCTT 3525 hsa-miR-542-3p UGUGACAGAUUGAUAACUGAAA 715 ATCTGTCAC 1652 TCTGTCAC 2589 CTGTCAC 3526 hsa-miR-542-5p UCGGGGAUCAUCAUGUCACGAGA 716 TGATCCCCG 1653 GATCCCCG 2590 ATCCCCG 3527 hsa-miR-543 AAACAUUCGCGGUGCACUUCUU 717 GCGAATGTT 1654 CGAATGTT 2591 GAATGTT 3528 hsa-miR-544 AUUCUGCAUUUUUAGCAAGUUC 718 AATGCAGAA 1655 ATGCAGAA 2592 TGCAGAA 3529 hsa-miR-545 UCAGCAAACAUUUAUUGUGUGC 719 TGTTTGCTG 1656 GTTTGCTG 2593 TTTGCTG 3530 hsa-miR-545* UCAGUAAAUGUUUAUUAGAUGA 720 CATTTACTG 1657 ATTTACTG 2594 TTTACTG 3531 hsa-miR-548a-3p CAAAACUGGCAAUUACUUUUGC 721 GCCAGTTTT 1658 CCAGTTTT 2595 CAGTTTT 3532 hsa-miR-548a-5p AAAAGUAAUUGCGAGUUUUACC 722 AATTACTTT 1659 ATTACTTT 2596 TTACTTT 3533 hsa-miR-548b-3p CAAGAACCUCAGUUGCUUUUGU 723 GAGGTTCTT 1660 AGGTTCTT 2597 GGTTCTT 3534 hsa-miR-548b-5p AAAAGUAAUUGUGGUUUUGGCC 724 AATTACTTT 1661 ATTACTTT 2598 TTACTTT 3535 hsa-miR-548c-3p CAAAAAUCUCAAUUACUUUUGC 725 GAGATTTTT 1662 AGATTTTT 2599 GATTTTT 3536 hsa-miR-548c-5p AAAAGUAAUUGCGGUUUUUGCC 726 AATTACTTT 1663 ATTACTTT 2600 TTACTTT 3537 hsa-miR-548d-3p CAAAAACCACAGUUUCUUUUGC 727 GTGGTTTTT 1664 TGGTTTTT 2601 GGTTTTT 3538 hsa-miR-548d-5p AAAAGUAAUUGUGGUUUUUGCC 728 AATTACTTT 1665 ATTACTTT 2602 TTACTTT 3539 hsa-miR-548e AAAAACUGAGACUACUUUUGCA 729 CTCAGTTTT 1666 TCAGTTTT 2603 CAGTTTT 3540 hsa-miR-548f AAAAACUGUAAUUACUUUU 730 TACAGTTTT 1667 ACAGTTTT 2604 CAGTTTT 3541 hsa-miR-548g AAAACUGUAAUUACUUUUGUAC 731 TTACAGTTT 1668 TACAGTTT 2605 ACAGTTT 3542 hsa-miR-548h AAAAGUAAUCGCGGUUUUUGUC 732 GATTACTTT 1669 ATTACTTT 2606 TTACTTT 3543 hsa-miR-548i AAAAGUAAUUGCGGAUUUUGCC 733 AATTACTTT 1670 ATTACTTT 2607 TTACTTT 3544 hsa-miR-548j AAAAGUAAUUGCGGUCUUUGGU 734 AATTACTTT 1671 ATTACTTT 2608 TTACTTT 3545 hsa-miR-548k AAAAGUACUUGCGGAUUUUGCU 735 AAGTACTTT 1672 AGTACTTT 2609 GTACTTT 3546 hsa-miR-548l AAAAGUAUUUGCGGGUUUUGUC 736 AAATACTTT 1673 AATACTTT 2610 ATACTTT 3547 hsa-miR-548m CAAAGGUAUUUGUGGUUUUUG 737 AATACCTTT 1674 ATACCTTT 2611 TACCTTT 3548 hsa-miR-548n CAAAAGUAAUUGUGGAUUUUGU 738 ATTACTTTT 1675 TTACTTTT 2612 TACTTTT 3549 hsa-miR-548o CCAAAACUGCAGUUACUUUUGC 739 GCAGTTTTG 1676 CAGTTTTG 2613 AGTTTTG 3550 hsa-miR-548p UAGCAAAAACUGCAGUUACUUU 740 GTTTTTGCT 1677 TTTTTGCT 2614 TTTTGCT 3551 hsa-miR-549 UGACAACUAUGGAUGAGCUCU 741 ATAGTTGTC 1678 TAGTTGTC 2615 AGTTGTC 3552 hsa-miR-550 AGUGCCUGAGGGAGUAAGAGCCC 742 CTCAGGCAC 1679 TCAGGCAC 2616 CAGGCAC 3553 hsa-miR-550* UGUCUUACUCCCUCAGGCACAU 743 GAGTAAGAC 1680 AGTAAGAC 2617 GTAAGAC 3554 hsa-miR-551a GCGACCCACUCUUGGUUUCCA 744 AGTGGGTCG 1681 GTGGGTCG 2618 TGGGTCG 3555 hsa-miR-551b GCGACCCAUACUUGGUUUCAG 745 TATGGGTCG 1682 ATGGGTCG 2619 TGGGTCG 3556 hsa-miR-551b* GAAAUCAAGCGUGGGUGAGACC 746 GCTTGATTT 1683 CTTGATTT 2620 TTGATTT 3557 hsa-miR-552 AACAGGUGACUGGUUAGACAA 747 GTCACCTGT 1684 TCACCTGT 2621 CACCTGT 3558 hsa-miR-553 AAAACGGUGAGAUUUUGUUUU 748 TCACCGTTT 1685 CACCGTTT 2622 ACCGTTT 3559 hsa-miR-554 GCUAGUCCUGACUCAGCCAGU 749 CAGGACTAG 1686 AGGACTAG 2623 GGACTAG 3560 hsa-miR-555 AGGGUAAGCUGAACCUCUGAU 750 AGCTTACCC 1687 GCTTACCC 2624 CTTACCC 3561 hsa-miR-556-3p AUAUUACCAUUAGCUCAUCUUU 751 ATGGTAATA 1688 TGGTAATA 2625 GGTAATA 3562 hsa-miR-556-5p GAUGAGCUCAUUGUAAUAUGAG 752 TGAGCTCAT 1689 GAGCTCAT 2626 AGCTCAT 3563 hsa-miR-557 GUUUGCACGGGUGGGCCUUGUCU 753 CCGTGCAAA 1690 CGTGCAAA 2627 GTGCAAA 3564 hsa-miR-558 UGAGCUGCUGUACCAAAAU 754 CAGCAGCTC 1691 AGCAGCTC 2628 GCAGCTC 3565 hsa-miR-559 UAAAGUAAAUAUGCACCAAAA 755 ATTTACTTT 1692 TTTACTTT 2629 TTACTTT 3566 hsa-miR-561 CAAAGUUUAAGAUCCUUGAAGU 756 TTAAACTTT 1693 TAAACTTT 2630 AAACTTT 3567 hsa-miR-562 AAAGUAGCUGUACCAUUUGC 757 CAGCTACTT 1694 AGCTACTT 2631 GCTACTT 3568 hsa-miR-563 AGGUUGACAUACGUUUCCC 758 ATGTCAACC 1695 TGTCAACC 2632 GTCAACC 3569 hsa-miR-564 AGGCACGGUGUCAGCAGGC 759 CACCGTGCC 1696 ACCGTGCC 2633 CCGTGCC 3570 hsa-miR-566 GGGCGCCUGUGAUCCCAAC 760 ACAGGCGCC 1697 CAGGCGCC 2634 AGGCGCC 3571 hsa-miR-567 AGUAUGUUCUUCCAGGACAGAAC 761 AGAACATAC 1698 GAACATAC 2635 AACATAC 3572 hsa-miR-568 AUGUAUAAAUGUAUACACAC 762 ATTTATACA 1699 TTTATACA 2636 TTATACA 3573 hsa-miR-569 AGUUAAUGAAUCCUGGAAAGU 763 TTCATTAAC 1700 TCATTAAC 2637 CATTAC 3574 hsa-miR-570 CGAAAACAGCAAUUACCUUUGC 764 GCTGTTTTC 1701 CTGTTTTC 2638 TGTTTTC 3575 hsa-miR-571 UGAGUUGGCCAUCUGAGUGAG 765 GGCCAACTC 1702 GCCAACTC 2639 CCAACTC 3576 hsa-miR-572 GUCCGCUCGGCGGUGGCCCA 766 CCGAGCGGA 1703 CGAGCGGA 2640 GAGCGGA 3577 hsa-miR-573 CUGAAGUGAUGUGUAACUGAUCAG 767 ATCACTTCA 1704 TCACTTCA 2641 CACTTCA 3578 hsa-miR-574-3p CACGCUCAUGCACACACCCACA 768 CATGAGCGT 1705 ATGAGCGT 2642 TGAGCGT 3579 hsa-miR-574-5p UGAGUGUGUGUGUGUGAGUGUGU 769 CACACACTC 1706 ACACACTC 2643 CACACTC 3580 hsa-miR-575 GAGCCAGUUGGACAGGAGC 770 CAACTGGCT 1707 AACTGGCT 2644 ACTGGCT 3581 hsa-miR-576-3p AAGAUGUGGAAAAAUUGGAAUC 771 TCCACATCT 1708 CCACATCT 2645 CACATCT 3582 hsa-miR-576-5p AUUCUAAUUUCUCCACGUCUUU 772 AAATTAGAA 1709 AATTAGAA 2646 ATTAGAA 3583 hsa-miR-577 UAGAUAAAAUAUUGGUACCUG 773 ATTTTATCT 1710 TTTTATCT 2647 TTTATCT 3584 hsa-miR-578 CUUCUUGUGCUCUAGGAUUGU 774 GCACAAGAA 1711 CACAAGAA 2648 ACAAGAA 3585 hsa-miR-579 UUCAUUUGGUAUAAACCGCGAUU 775 ACCAAATGA 1712 CCAAATGA 2649 CAAATGA 3586 hsa-miR-580 UUGAGAAUGAUGAAUCAUUAGG 776 TCATTCTCA 1713 CATTCTCA 2650 ATTCTCA 3587 hsa-miR-581 UCUUGUGUUCUCUAGAUCAGU 777 GAACACAAG 1714 AACACAAG 2651 ACACAAG 3588 hsa-miR-582-3p UAACUGGUUGAACAACUGAACC 778 CAACCAGTT 1715 AACCAGTT 2652 ACCAGTT 3589 hsa-miR-582-5p UUACAGUUGUUCAACCAGUUACU 779 ACAACTGTA 1716 CAACTGTA 2653 AACTGTA 3590 hsa-miR-583 CAAAGAGGAAGGUCCCAUUAC 780 TTCCTCTTT 1717 TCCTCTTT 2654 CCTCTTT 3591 hsa-miR-584 UUAUGGUUUGCCUGGGACUGAG 781 CAAACCATA 1718 AAACCATA 2655 AACCATA 3592 hsa-miR-585 UGGGCGUAUCUGUAUGCUA 782 GATACGCCC 1719 ATACGCCC 2656 TACGCCC 3593 hsa-miR-586 UAUGCAUUGUAUUUUUAGGUCC 783 ACAATGCAT 1720 CAATGCAT 2657 AATGCAT 3594 hsa-miR-587 UUUCCAUAGGUGAUGAGUCAC 784 CCTATGGAA 1721 CTATGGAA 2658 TATGGA 3595 hsa-miR-588 UUGGCCACAAUGGGUUAGAAC 785 TTGTGGCCA 1722 TGTGGCCA 2659 GTGGCCA 3596 hsa-miR-589 UGAGAACCACGUCUGCUCUGAG 786 GTGGTTCTC 1723 TGGTTCTC 2660 GGTTCTC 3597 hsa-miR-589* UCAGAACAAAUGCCGGUUCCCAGA 787 TTTGTTCTG 1724 TTGTTCTG 2661 TGTTCTG 3598 hsa-miR-590-3p UAAUUUUAUGUAUAAGCUAGU 788 CATAAAATT 1725 ATAAAATT 2662 TAAAATT 3599 hsa-miR-590-5p GAGCUUAUUCAUAAAAGUGCAG 789 GAATAAGCT 1726 AATAAGCT 2663 ATAAGCT 3600 hsa-miR-591 AGACCAUGGGUUCUCAUUGU 790 CCCATGGTC 1727 CCATGGTC 2664 CATGGTC 3601 hsa-miR-592 UUGUGUCAAUAUGCGAUGAUGU 791 ATTGACACA 1728 TTGACACA 2665 TGACACA 3602 hsa-miR-593 UGUCUCUGCUGGGGUUUCU 792 AGCAGAGAC 1729 GCAGAGAC 2666 CAGAGAC 3603 hsa-miR-593* AGGCACCAGCCAGGCAUUGCUCAGC 793 GCTGGTGCC 1730 CTGGTGCC 2667 TGGTGCC 3604 hsa-miR-595 GAAGUGUGCCGUGGUGUGUCU 794 GGCACACTT 1731 GCACACTT 2668 CACACTT 3605 hsa-miR-596 AAGCCUGCCCGGCUCCUCGGG 795 GGGCAGGCT 1732 GGCAGGCT 2669 GCAGGCT 3606 hsa-miR-597 UGUGUCACUCGAUGACCACUGU 796 GAGTGACAC 1733 AGTGACAC 2670 GTGACAC 3607 hsa-miR-598 UACGUCAUCGUUGUCAUCGUCA 797 CGATGACGT 1734 GATGACGT 2671 ATGACGT 3608 hsa-miR-599 GUUGUGUCAGUUUAUCAAAC 798 CTGACACAA 1735 TGACACAA 2672 GACACAA 3609 hsa-miR-600 ACUUACAGACAAGAGCCUUGCUC 799 GTCTGTAAG 1736 TCTGTAAG 2673 CTGTAAG 3610 hsa-miR-601 UGGUCUAGGAUUGUUGGAGGAG 800 TCCTAGACC 1737 CCTAGACC 2674 CTAGACC 3611 hsa-miR-602 GACACGGGCGACAGCUGCGGCCC 801 CGCCCGTGT 1738 GCCCGTGT 2675 CCCGTGT 3612 hsa-miR-603 CACACACUGCAAUUACUUUUGC 802 GCAGTGTGT 1739 CAGTGTGT 2676 AGTGTGT 3613 hsa-miR-604 AGGCUGCGGAAUUCAGGAC 803 TCCGCAGCC 1740 CCGCAGCC 2677 CGCAGCC 3614 hsa-miR-605 UAAAUCCCAUGGUGCCUUCUCCU 804 ATGGGATTT 1741 TGGGATTT 2678 GGGATTT 3615 hsa-miR-606 AAACUACUGAAAAUCAAAGAU 805 TCAGTAGTT 1742 CAGTAGTT 2679 AGTAGTT 3616 hsa-miR-607 GUUCAAAUCCAGAUCUAUAAC 806 GGATTTGAA 1743 GATTTGAA 2680 ATTTGAA 3617 hsa-miR-608 AGGGGUGGUGUUGGGACAGCUCCGU 807 CACCACCCC 1744 ACCACCCC 2681 CCACCCC 3618 hsa-miR-609 AGGGUGUUUCUCUCAUCUCU 808 GAAACACCC 1745 AAACACCC 2682 AACACCC 3619 hsa-miR-610 UGAGCUAAAUGUGUGCUGGGA 809 ATTTAGCTC 1746 TTTAGCTC 2683 TTAGCTC 3620 hsa-miR-611 GCGAGGACCCCUCGGGGUCUGAC 810 GGGTCCTCG 1747 GGTCCTCG 2684 GTCCTCG 3621 hsa-miR-612 GCUGGGCAGGGCUUCUGAGCUCCUU 811 CCTGCCCAG 1748 CTGCCCAG 2685 TGCCCAG 3622 hsa-miR-613 AGGAAUGUUCCUUCUUUGCC 812 GAACATTCC 1749 AACATTCC 2686 ACATTCC 3623 hsa-miR-614 GAACGCCUGUUCUUGCCAGGUGG 813 ACAGGCGTT 1750 CAGGCGTT 2687 AGGCGTT 3624 hsa-miR-615-3p UCCGAGCCUGGGUCUCCCUCUU 814 CAGGCTCGG 1751 AGGCTCGG 2688 GGCTCGG 3625 hsa-miR-615-5p GGGGGUCCCCGGUGCUCGGAUC 815 GGGGACCCC 1752 GGGACCCC 2689 GGACCCC 3626 hsa-miR-616 AGUCAUUGGAGGGUUUGAGCAG 816 TCCAATGAC 1753 CCAATGAC 2690 CAATGAC 3627 hsa-miR-616* ACUCAAAACCCUUCAGUGACUU 817 GGTTTTGAG 1754 GTTTTGAG 2691 TTTTGAG 3628 hsa-miR-617 AGACUUCCCAUUUGAAGGUGGC 818 TGGGAAGTC 1755 GGGAAGTC 2692 GGAAGTC 3629 hsa-miR-618 AAACUCUACUUGUCCUUCUGAGU 819 AGTAGAGTT 1756 GTAGAGTT 2693 TAGAGTT 3630 hsa-miR-619 GACCUGGACAUGUUUGUGCCCAGU 820 TGTCCAGGT 1757 GTCCAGGT 2694 TCCAGGT 3631 hsa-miR-620 AUGGAGAUAGAUAUAGAAAU 821 CTATCTCCA 1758 TATCTCCA 2695 ATCTCCA 3632 hsa-miR-621 GGCUAGCAACAGCGCUUACCU 822 GTTGCTAGC 1759 TTGCTAGC 2696 TGCTAGC 3633 hsa-miR-622 ACAGUCUGCUGAGGUUGGAGC 823 AGCAGACTG 1760 GCAGACTG 2697 CAGACTG 3634 hsa-miR-623 AUCCCUUGCAGGGGCUGUUGGGU 824 TGCAAGGGA 1761 GCAAGGGA 2698 CAAGGGA 3635 hsa-miR-624 CACAAGGUAUUGGUAUUACCU 825 ATACCTTGT 1762 TACCTTGT 2699 ACCTTGT 3636 hsa-miR-624* UAGUACCAGUACCUUGUGUUCA 826 ACTGGTACT 1763 CTGGTACT 2700 TGGTACT 3637 hsa-miR-625 AGGGGGAAAGUUCUAUAGUCC 827 CTTTCCCCC 1764 TTTCCCCC 2701 TTCCCCC 3638 hsa-miR-625* GACUAUAGAACUUUCCCCCUCA 828 TTCTATAGT 1765 TCTATAGT 2702 CTATAGT 3639 hsa-miR-626 AGCUGUCUGAAAAUGUCUU 829 TCAGACAGC 1766 CAGACAGC 2703 AGACAGC 3640 hsa-miR-627 GUGAGUCUCUAAGAAAAGAGGA 830 AGAGACTCA 1767 GAGACTCA 2704 AGACTCA 3641 hsa-miR-628-3p UCUAGUAAGAGUGGCAGUCGA 831 TCTTACTAG 1768 CTTACTAG 2705 TTACTAG 3642 hsa-miR-628-5p AUGCUGACAUAUUUACUAGAGG 832 ATGTCAGCA 1769 TGTCAGCA 2706 GTCAGCA 3643 hsa-miR-629 UGGGUUUACGUUGGGAGAACU 833 CGTAAACCC 1770 GTAAACCC 2707 TAAACCC 3644 hsa-miR-629* GUUCUCCCAACGUAAGCCCAGC 834 TTGGGAGAA 1771 TGGGAGAA 2708 GGGAGAA 3645 hsa-miR-630 AGUAUUCUGUACCAGGGAAGGU 835 ACAGAATAC 1772 CAGAATAC 2709 AGAATAC 3646 hsa-miR-631 AGACCUGGCCCAGACCUCAGC 836 GGCCAGGTC 1773 GCCAGGTC 2710 CCAGGTC 3647 hsa-miR-632 GUGUCUGCUUCCUGUGGGA 837 AAGCAGACA 1774 AGCAGACA 2711 GCAGACA 3648 hsa-miR-633 CUAAUAGUAUCUACCACAAUAAA 838 ATACTATTA 1775 TACTATTA 2712 ACTATTA 3649 hsa-miR-634 AACCAGCACCCCAACUUUGGAC 839 GGTGCTGGT 1776 GTGCTGGT 2713 TGCTGGT 3650 hsa-miR-635 ACUUGGGCACUGAAACAAUGUCC 840 GTGCCCAAG 1777 TGCCCAAG 2714 GCCCAAG 3651 hsa-miR-636 UGUGCUUGCUCGUCCCGCCCGCA 841 AGCAAGCAC 1778 GCAAGCAC 2715 CAAGCAC 3652 hsa-miR-637 ACUGGGGGCUUUCGGGCUCUGCGU 842 AGCCCCCAG 1779 GCCCCCAG 2716 CCCCCAG 3653 hsa-miR-638 AGGGAUCGCGGGCGGGUGGCGGCCU 843 CGCGATCCC 1780 GCGATCCC 2717 CGATCCC 3654 hsa-miR-639 AUCGCUGCGGUUGCGAGCGCUGU 844 CCGCAGCGA 1781 CGCAGCGA 2718 GCAGCGA 3655 hsa-miR-640 AUGAUCCAGGAACCUGCCUCU 845 CCTGGATCA 1782 CTGGATCA 2719 TGGATCA 3656 hsa-miR-641 AAAGACAUAGGAUAGAGUCACCUC 846 CTATGTCTT 1783 TATGTCTT 2720 ATGTCTT 3657 hsa-miR-642 GUCCCUCUCCAAAUGUGUCUUG 847 GGAGAGGGA 1784 GAGAGGGA 2721 AGAGGGA 3658 hsa-miR-643 ACUUGUAUGCUAGCUCAGGUAG 848 GCATACAAG 1785 CATACAAG 2722 ATACAAG 3659 hsa-miR-644 AGUGUGGCUUUCUUAGAGC 849 AAGCCACAC 1786 AGCCACAC 2723 GCCACAC 3660 hsa-miR-645 UCUAGGCUGGUACUGCUGA 850 CCAGCCTAG 1787 CAGCCTAG 2724 AGCCTAG 3661 hsa-miR-646 AAGCAGCUGCCUCUGAGGC 851 GCAGCTGCT 1788 CAGCTGCT 2725 AGCTGCT 3662 hsa-miR-647 GUGGCUGCACUCACUUCCUUC 852 GTGCAGCCA 1789 TGCAGCCA 2726 GCAGCCA 3663 hsa-miR-648 AAGUGUGCAGGGCACUGGU 853 CTGCACACT 1790 TGCACACT 2727 GCACACT 3664 hsa-miR-649 AAACCUGUGUUGUUCAAGAGUC 854 ACACAGGTT 1791 CACAGGTT 2728 ACAGGTT 3665 hsa-miR-650 AGGAGGCAGCGCUCUCAGGAC 855 GCTGCCTCC 1792 CTGCCTCC 2729 TGCCTCC 3666 hsa-miR-651 UUUAGGAUAAGCUUGACUUUUG 856 TTATCCTAA 1793 TATCCTAA 2730 ATCCTAA 3667 hsa-miR-652 AAUGGCGCCACUAGGGUUGUG 857 TGGCGCCAT 1794 GGCGCCAT 2731 GCGCCAT 3668 hsa-miR-653 GUGUUGAAACAAUCUCUACUG 858 GTTTCAACA 1795 TTTCAACA 2732 TTCAACA 3669 hsa-miR-654-3p UAUGUCUGCUGACCAUCACCUU 859 AGCAGACAT 1796 GCAGACAT 2733 CAGACAT 3670 hsa-miR-654-5p UGGUGGGCCGCAGAACAUGUGC 860 CGGCCCACC 1797 GGCCCACC 2734 GCCCACC 3671 hsa-miR-655 AUAAUACAUGGUUAACCUCUUU 861 CATGTATTA 1798 ATGTATTA 2735 TGTATTA 3672 hsa-miR-656 AAUAUUAUACAGUCAACCUCU 862 GTATAATAT 1799 TATAATAT 2736 ATAATAT 3673 hsa-miR-657 GGCAGGUUCUCACCCUCUCUAGG 863 AGAACCTGC 1800 GAACCTGC 2737 AACCTGC 3674 hsa-miR-658 GGCGGAGGGAAGUAGGUCCGUUGGU 864 TCCCTCCGC 1801 CCCTCCGC 2738 CCTCCGC 3675 hsa-miR-659 CUUGGUUCAGGGAGGGUCCCCA 865 CTGAACCAA 1802 TGAACCAA 2739 GAACCAA 3676 hsa-miR-660 UACCCAUUGCAUAUCGGAGUUG 866 GCAATGGGT 1803 CAATGGGT 2740 AATGGGT 3677 hsa-miR-661 UGCCUGGGUCUCUGGCCUGCGCGU 867 GACCCAGGC 1804 ACCCAGGC 2741 CCCAGGC 3678 hsa-miR-662 UCCCACGUUGUGGCCCAGCAG 868 CAACGTGGG 1805 AACGTGGG 2742 ACGTGGG 3679 hsa-miR-663 AGGCGGGGCGCCGCGGGACCGC 869 CGCCCCGCC 1806 GCCCCGCC 2743 CCCCGCC 3680 hsa-miR-663b GGUGGCCCGGCCGUGCCUGAGG 870 CCGGGCCAC 1807 CGGGCCAC 2744 GGGCCAC 3681 hsa-miR-664 UAUUCAUUUAUCCCCAGCCUACA 871 TAAATGAAT 1808 AAATGAAT 2745 AATGAAT 3682 hsa-miR-664* ACUGGCUAGGGAAAAUGAUUGGAU 872 CCTAGCCAG 1809 CTAGCCAG 2746 TAGCCAG 3683 hsa-miR-665 ACCAGGAGGCUGAGGCCCCU 873 GCCTCCTGG 1810 CCTCCTGG 2747 CTCCTGG 3684 hsa-miR-668 UGUCACUCGGCUCGGCCCACUAC 874 CCGAGTGAC 1811 CGAGTGAC 2748 GAGTGAC 3685 hsa-miR-671-3p UCCGGUUCUCAGGGCUCCACC 875 GAGAACCGG 1812 AGAACCGG 2749 GAACCGG 3686 hsa-miR-671-5p AGGAAGCCCUGGAGGGGCUGGAG 876 AGGGCTTCC 1813 GGGCTTCC 2750 GGCTTCC 3687 hsa-miR-675 UGGUGCGGAGAGGGCCCACAGUG 877 CTCCGCACC 1814 TCCGCACC 2751 CCGCACC 3688 hsa-miR-675b CUGUAUGCCCUCACCGCUCA 878 GGGCATACA 1815 GGCATACA 2752 GCATACA 3689 hsa-miR-7 UGGAAGACUAGUGAUUUUGUUGU 879 TAGTCTTCC 1816 AGTCTTCC 2753 GTCTTCC 3690 hsa-miR-7-1* CAACAAAUCACAGUCUGCCAUA 880 TGATTTGTT 1817 GATTTGTT 2754 ATTTGTT 3691 hsa-miR-7-2* CAACAAAUCCCAGUCUACCUAA 881 GGATTTGTT 1818 GATTTGTT 2755 ATTTGTT 3692 hsa-miR-708 AAGGAGCUUACAAUCUAGCUGGG 882 TAAGCTCCT 1819 AAGCTCCT 2756 AGCTCCT 3693 hsa-miR-708* CAACUAGACUGUGAGCUUCUAG 883 AGTCTAGTT 1820 GTCTAGTT 2757 TCTAGTT 3694 hsa-miR-720 UCUCGCUGGGGCCUCCA 884 CCCAGCGAG 1821 CCAGCGAG 2758 CAGCGAG 3695 hsa-miR-744 UGCGGGGCUAGGGCUAACAGCA 885 TAGCCCCGC 1822 AGCCCCGC 2759 GCCCCGC 3696 hsa-miR-744* CUGUUGCCACUAACCUCAACCU 886 GTGGCAACA 1823 TGGCAACA 2760 GGCAACA 3697 hsa-miR-758 UUUGUGACCUGGUCCACUAACC 887 AGGTCACAA 1824 GGTCACAA 2761 GTCACAA 3698 hsa-miR-760 CGGCUCUGGGUCUGUGGGGA 888 CCCAGAGCC 1825 CCAGAGCC 2762 CAGAGCC 3699 hsa-miR-765 UGGAGGAGAAGGAAGGUGAUG 889 TTCTCCTCC 1826 TCTCCTCC 2763 CTCCTCC 3700 hsa-miR-766 ACUCCAGCCCCACAGCCUCAGC 890 GGGCTGGAG 1827 GGCTGGAG 2764 GCTGGAG 3701 hsa-miR-767-3p UCUGCUCAUACCCCAUGGUUUCU 891 TATGAGCAG 1828 ATGAGCAG 2765 TGAGCAG 3702 hsa-miR-767-5p UGCACCAUGGUUGUCUGAGCAUG 892 CCATGGTGC 1829 CATGGTGC 2766 ATGGTGC 3703 hsa-miR-769-3p CUGGGAUCUCCGGGGUCUUGGUU 893 GAGATCCCA 1830 AGATCCCA 2767 GATCCCA 3704 hsa-miR-769-5p UGAGACCUCUGGGUUCUGAGCU 894 AGAGGTCTC 1831 GAGGTCTC 2768 AGGTCTC 3705 hsa-miR-770-5p UCCAGUACCACGUGUCAGGGCCA 895 TGGTACTGG 1832 GGTACTGG 2769 GTACTGG 3706 hsa-miR-802 CAGUAACAAAGAUUCAUCCUUGU 896 TTTGTTACT 1833 TTGTTACT 2770 TGTTACT 3707 hsa-miR-873 GCAGGAACUUGUGAGUCUCCU 897 AAGTTCCTG 1834 AGTTCCTG 2771 GTTCCTG 3708 hsa-miR-874 CUGCCCUGGCCCGAGGGACCGA 898 GCCAGGGCA 1835 CCAGGGCA 2772 CAGGGCA 3709 hsa-miR-875-3p CCUGGAAACACUGAGGUUGUG 899 TGTTTCCAG 1836 GTTTCCAG 2773 TTTCCAG 3710 hsa-miR-875-5p UAUACCUCAGUUUUAUCAGGUG 900 CTGAGGTAT 1837 TGAGGTAT 2774 GAGGTAT 3711 hsa-miR-876-3p UGGUGGUUUACAAAGUAAUUCA 901 TAAACCACC 1838 AAACCACC 2775 AACCACC 3712 hsa-miR-876-5p UGGAUUUCUUUGUGAAUCACCA 902 AAGAAATCC 1839 AGAAATCC 2776 GAAATCC 3713 hsa-miR-877 GUAGAGGAGAUGGCGCAGGG 903 TCTCCTCTA 1840 CTCCTCTA 2777 TCCTCTA 3714 hsa-miR-877* UCCUCUUCUCCCUCCUCCCAG 904 GAGAAGAGG 1841 AGAAGAGG 2778 GAAGAGG 3715 hsa-miR-885-3p AGGCAGCGGGGUGUAGUGGAUA 905 CCCGCTGCC 1842 CCGCTGCC 2779 CGCTGCC 3716 hsa-miR-885-5p UCCAUUACACUACCCUGCCUCU 906 GTGTAATGG 1843 TGTAATGG 2780 GTAATGG 3717 hsa-miR-886-3p CGCGGGUGCUUACUGACCCUU 907 AGCACCCGC 1844 GCACCCGC 2781 CACCCGC 3718 hsa-miR-886-5p CGGGUCGGAGUUAGCUCAAGCGG 908 CTCCGACCC 1845 TCCGACCC 2782 CCGACCC 3719 hsa-miR-887 GUGAACGGGCGCCAUCCCGAGG 909 GCCCGTTCA 1846 CCCGTTCA 2783 CCGTTCA 3720 hsa-miR-888 UACUCAAAAAGCUGUCAGUCA 910 TTTTTGAGT 1847 TTTTGAGT 2784 TTTGAGT 3721 hsa-miR-888* GACUGACACCUCUUUGGGUGAA 911 GGTGTCAGT 1848 GTGTCAGT 2785 TGTCAGT 3722 hsa-miR-889 UUAAUAUCGGACAACCAUUGU 912 CCGATATTA 1849 CGATATTA 2786 GATATTA 3723 hsa-miR-890 UACUUGGAAAGGCAUCAGUUG 913 TTTCCAAGT 1850 TTCCAAGT 2787 TCCAAGT 3724 hsa-miR-891a UGCAACGAACCUGAGCCACUGA 914 GTTCGTTGC 1851 TTCGTTGC 2788 TCGTTGC 3725 hsa-miR-891b UGCAACUUACCUGAGUCAUUGA 915 GTAAGTTGC 1852 TAAGTTGC 2789 AAGTTGC 3726 hsa-miR-892a CACUGUGUCCUUUCUGCGUAG 916 GGACACAGT 1853 GACACAGT 2790 ACACAGT 3727 hsa-miR-892b CACUGGCUCCUUUCUGGGUAGA 917 GGAGCCAGT 1854 GAGCCAGT 2791 AGCCAGT 3728 hsa-miR-9 UCUUUGGUUAUCUAGCUGUAUGA 918 TAACCAAAG 1855 AACCAAAG 2792 ACCAAAG 3729 hsa-miR-9* AUAAAGCUAGAUAACCGAAAGU 919 CTAGCTTTA 1856 TAGCTTTA 2793 AGCTTTA 3730 hsa-miR-920 GGGGAGCUGUGGAAGCAGUA 920 ACAGCTCCC 1857 CAGCTCCC 2794 AGCTCCC 3731 hsa-miR-921 CUAGUGAGGGACAGAACCAGGAUUC 921 CCCTCACTA 1858 CCTCACTA 2795 CTCACTA 3732 hsa-miR-922 GCAGCAGAGAAUAGGACUACGUC 922 TCTCTGCTG 1859 CTCTGCTG 2796 TCTGCTG 3733 hsa-miR-923 GUCAGCGGAGGAAAAGAAACU 923 CTCCGCTGA 1860 TCCGCTGA 2797 CCGCTGA 3734 hsa-miR-924 AGAGUCUUGUGAUGUCUUGC 924 ACAAGACTC 1861 CAAGACTC 2798 AAGACTC 3735 hsa-miR-92a UAUUGCACUUGUCCCGGCCUGU 925 AAGTGCAAT 1862 AGTGCAAT 2799 GTGCAAT 3736 hsa-miR-92a-1* AGGUUGGGAUCGGUUGCAAUGCU 926 ATCCCAACC 1863 TCCCAACC 2800 CCCAACC 3737 hsa-miR-92a-2* GGGUGGGGAUUUGUUGCAUUAC 927 ATCCCCACC 1864 TCCCCACC 2801 CCCCACC 3738 hsa-miR-92b UAUUGCACUCGUCCCGGCCUCC 928 GAGTGCAAT 1865 AGTGCAAT 2802 GTGCAAT 3739 hsa-miR-92b* AGGGACGGGACGCGGUGCAGUG 929 TCCCGTCCC 1866 CCCGTCCC 2803 CCGTCCC 3740 hsa-miR-93 CAAAGUGCUGUUCGUGCAGGUAG 930 CAGCACTTT 1867 AGCACTTT 2804 GCACTTT 3741 hsa-miR-93* ACUGCUGAGCUAGCACUUCCCG 931 GCTCAGCAG 1868 CTCAGCAG 2805 TCAGCAG 3742 hsa-miR-933 UGUGCGCAGGGAGACCUCUCCC 932 CCTGCGCAC 1869 CTGCGCAC 2806 TGCGCAC 3743 hsa-miR-934 UGUCUACUACUGGAGACACUGG 933 GTAGTAGAC 1870 TAGTAGAC 2807 AGTAGAC 3744 hsa-miR-935 CCAGUUACCGCUUCCGCUACCGC 934 CGGTAACTG 1871 GGTAACTG 2808 GTAACTG 3745 hsa-miR-936 ACAGUAGAGGGAGGAAUCGCAG 935 CCTCTACTG 1872 CTCTACTG 2809 TCTACTG 3746 hsa-miR-937 AUCCGCGCUCUGACUCUCUGCC 936 GAGCGCGGA 1873 AGCGCGGA 2810 GCGCGGA 3747 hsa-miR-938 UGCCCUUAAAGGUGAACCCAGU 937 TTTAAGGGC 1874 TTAAGGGC 2811 TAAGGGC 3748 hsa-miR-939 UGGGGAGCUGAGGCUCUGGGGGUG 938 CAGCTCCCC 1875 AGCTCCCC 2812 GCTCCCC 3749 hsa-miR-940 AAGGCAGGGCCCCCGCUCCCC 939 GCCCTGCCT 1876 CCCTGCCT 2813 CCTGCCT 3750 hsa-miR-941 CACCCGGCUGUGUGCACAUGUGC 940 CAGCCGGGT 1877 AGCCGGGT 2814 GCCGGGT 3751 hsa-miR-942 UCUUCUCUGUUUUGGCCAUGUG 941 ACAGAGAAG 1878 CAGAGAAG 2815 AGAGAAG 3752 hsa-miR-943 CUGACUGUUGCCGUCCUCCAG 942 CAACAGTCA 1879 AACAGTCA 2816 ACAGTCA 3753 hsa-miR-944 AAAUUAUUGUACAUCGGAUGAG 943 ACAATAATT 1880 CAATAATT 2817 AATAATT 3754 hsa-miR-95 UUCAACGGGUAUUUAUUGAGCA 944 ACCCGTTGA 1881 CCCGTTGA 2818 CCGTTGA 3755 hsa-miR-96 UUUGGCACUAGCACAUUUUUGCU 945 TAGTGCCAA 1882 AGTGCCAA 2819 GTGCCAA 3756 hsa-miR-96* AAUCAUGUGCAGUGCCAAUAUG 946 GCACATGAT 1883 CACATGAT 2820 ACATGAT 3757 hsa-miR-98 UGAGGUAGUAAGUUGUAUUGUU 947 TACTACCTC 1884 ACTACCTC 2821 CTACCTC 3758 hsa-miR-99a AACCCGUAGAUCCGAUCUUGUG 948 TCTACGGGT 1885 CTACGGGT 2822 TACGGGT 3759 hsa-miR-99a* CAAGCUCGCUUCUAUGGGUCUG 949 AGCGAGCTT 1886 GCGAGCTT 2823 CGAGCTT 3760 hsa-miR-99b CACCCGUAGAACCGACCUUGCG 950 TCTACGGGT 1887 CTACGGGT 2824 TACGGGT 3761 hsa-miR-99b* CAAGCUCGUGUCUGUGGGUCCG 951 CACGAGCTT 1888 ACGAGCTT 2825 CGAGCTT 3762 hsv1-miR-H1 UGGAAGGACGGGAAGUGGAAG 952 CGTCCTTCC 1889 GTCCTTCC 2826 TCCTTCC 3763 hsv1-miR-H2-3p CCUGAGCCAGGGACGAGUGCGACU 953 CTGGCTCAG 1890 TGGCTCAG 2827 GGCTCAG 3764 hsv1-miR-H2-5p UCGCACGCGCCCGGCACAGACU 954 GCGCGTGCG 1891 CGCGTGCG 2828 GCGTGCG 3765 hsv1-miR-H3 CUGGGACUGUGCGGUUGGGA 955 ACAGTCCCA 1892 CAGTCCCA 2829 AGTCCCA 3766 hsv1-miR-H4-3p CUUGCCUGUCUAACUCGCUAGU 956 GACAGGCAA 1893 ACAGGCAA 2830 CAGGCAA 3767 hsv1-miR-H4-5p GGUAGAGUUUGACAGGCAAGCA 957 AAACTCTAC 1894 AACTCTAC 2831 ACTCTAC 3768 hsv1-miR-H5 GUCAGAGAUCCAAACCCUCCGG 958 GATCTCTGA 1895 ATCTCTGA 2832 TCTCTGA 3769 hsv1-miR-H6 CACUUCCCGUCCUUCCAUCCC 959 ACGGGAAGT 1896 CGGGAAGT 2833 GGGAAGT 3770 kshv-miR-K12-1 AUUACAGGAAACUGGGUGUAAGC 960 TTCCTGTAA 1897 TCCTGTAA 2834 CCTGTAA 3771 kshv-miR-K12-10a UAGUGUUGUCCCCCCGAGUGGC 961 GACAACACT 1898 ACAACACT 2835 CAACACT 3772 kshv-miR-K12-10b UGGUGUUGUCCCCCCGAGUGGC 962 GACAACACC 1899 ACAACACC 2836 CAACACC 3773 kshv-miR-K12-11 UUAAUGCUUAGCCUGUGUCCGA 963 TAAGCATTA 1900 AAGCATTA 2837 AGCATTA 3774 kshv-miR-K12-12 ACCAGGCCACCAUUCCUCUCCG 964 GTGGCCTGG 1901 TGGCCTGG 2838 GGCCTGG 3775 kshv-miR-K12-2 AACUGUAGUCCGGGUCGAUCUG 965 GACTACAGT 1902 ACTACAGT 2839 CTACAGT 3776 kshv-miR-K12-3 UCACAUUCUGAGGACGGCAGCGA 966 CAGAATGTG 1903 AGAATGTG 2840 GAATGTG 3777 kshv-miR-K12-3* UCGCGGUCACAGAAUGUGACA 967 GTGACCGCG 1904 TGACCGCG 2841 GACCGCG 3778 kshv-miR-K12-4-3p UAGAAUACUGAGGCCUAGCUGA 968 CAGTATTCT 1905 AGTATTCT 2842 GTATTCT 3779 kshv-miR-K12-4-5p AGCUAAACCGCAGUACUCUAGG 969 CGGTTTAGC 1906 GGTTTAGC 2843 GTTTAGC 3780 kshv-miR-K12-5 UAGGAUGCCUGGAACUUGCCGG 970 AGGCATCCT 1907 GGCATCCT 2844 GCATCCT 3781 kshv-miR-K12-6-3p UGAUGGUUUUCGGGCUGUUGAG 971 AAAACCATC 1908 AAACCATC 2845 AACCATC 3782 kshv-miR-K12-6-5p CCAGCAGCACCUAAUCCAUCGG 972 GTGCTGCTG 1909 TGCTGCTG 2846 GCTGCTG 3783 kshv-miR-K12-7 UGAUCCCAUGUUGCUGGCGCU 973 CATGGGATC 1910 ATGGGATC 2847 TGGGATC 3784 kshv-miR-K12-8 UAGGCGCGACUGAGAGAGCACG 974 GTCGCGCCT 1911 TCGCGCCT 2848 CGCGCCT 3785 kshv-miR-K12-9 CUGGGUAUACGCAGCUGCGUAA 975 GTATACCCA 1912 TATACCCA 2849 ATACCCA 3786 kshv-miR-K12-9* ACCCAGCUGCGUAAACCCCGCU 976 GCAGCTGGG 1913 CAGCTGGG 2850 AGCTGGG 3787 

1-33. (canceled)
 34. A method for de-repression of a mRNA in a cell, wherein the expression of the mRNA is repressed by a miRNA in said cell, the method comprising administering an effective amount of an oligomer to said cell, to de-repress the expression of the mRNA, wherein the oligomer has a length of 7, 8, 9 or 10 nucleotide units which are fully complementary to said miRNA, wherein each nucleotide unit is an LNA nucleotide unit, and wherein at least 75% of the internucleoside linkages between the LNA nucleoside units are phosphorothioate internucleoside linkages, and wherein the contiguous nucleotide sequence of the oligomer is complementary to the seed sequence of said microRNA.
 35. The method according to claim 34, wherein all of the internucleoside linkages between the LNA nucleoside units are phosphorothioate internucleoside linkages.
 36. The method according to claim 34, wherein the oligomer is 7 LNA nucleotides in length.
 37. The method according to claim 34, wherein the oligomer is 8 LNA nucleotides in length.
 38. The method according to claim 34, wherein the oligomer is 9 LNA nucleotides in length.
 39. The method according to claim 34, wherein the oligomer is 10 LNA nucleotides in length.
 40. The method according to claim 35, wherein the oligomer is 7 LNA nucleotides in length.
 41. The method according to claim 35, wherein the oligomer is 8 LNA nucleotides in length.
 42. The method according to claim 35, wherein the oligomer is 9 LNA nucleotides in length.
 43. The method according to claim 35, wherein the oligomer is 10 LNA nucleotides in length.
 44. The method according to claim 34, wherein nucleotides 1-6 as measured from the 2′ end of the oligomer are fully complementary to the microRNA seed region.
 45. The method according to claim 34, wherein nucleotides 1-7 as measured from the 2′ end of the oligomer are fully complementary to the microRNA seed region.
 46. The method according to claim 34, wherein nucleotides 2-7 as measured from the 2′ end of the oligomer are fully complementary to the microRNA seed region.
 47. The method according to claim 35, wherein nucleotides 1-6 as measured from the 2′ end of the oligomer are fully complementary to the microRNA seed region.
 48. The method according to claim 35, wherein nucleotides 1-7 as measured from the 2′ end of the oligomer are fully complementary to the microRNA seed region.
 49. The method according to claim 35, wherein nucleotides 2-7 as measured from the 2′ end of the oligomer are fully complementary to the microRNA seed region.
 50. The method according to claim 34, wherein the microRNA is a mammalian or viral microRNA, and the cell is a mammalian cell.
 51. The method according to claim 34, wherein the microRNA is a human microRNA, and the cell is a human cell. 